Prediction of L10 and Leq Noise Levels Due to Vehicular Traffic in Urban Area Using ANN and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Interface System (ANFIS) Approach

Recently in urban areas, road traffic noise is one of the primary sources of noise pollution. Variation in noise level is impacted by the synthesis of traffic and the percentage of heavy vehicles. Presentation to high noise levels may cause serious impact on the health of an individual or community residing near the roadside. Thus, predicting the vehicular traffic noise level is important. The present study aims at the formulation of regression, an artificial neural network (ANN) and an adaptive neuro-fuzzy interface system (ANFIS) model using the data of observed noise levels, traffic volume, and average speed of vehicles for the prediction of L10 and Leq. Measured noise levels are compared to the noise levels predicted by the experimental model. It is observed that the ANFIS approach is more superior when compared to output given by regression and an ANN model. Also, there exists a positive correlation between measured and predicted noise levels. The proposed ANFIS model can be utilized as a tool for traffic direction and planning of new roads in zones of similar land use pattern.

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Prediction of L10 and Leq Noise Levels Due to Vehicular Traffic in Urban Area Using ANN and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Interface System (ANFIS) Approach

10.4018/978-1-6684-2408-7.ch027 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 597-611

Author(s):

Vilas K Patil ◽

P.P. Nagarale

Keyword(s):

Noise Level ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Vehicular Traffic ◽

Noise Levels ◽

Anfis Model ◽

Neuro Fuzzy ◽

Interface System ◽

Artificial Neural Network Ann

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Road Traffic Noise on the Santa Marta City Tourist Route

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11167196 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (16) ◽

pp. 7196

Author(s):

Dámaris A. Jiménez-Uribe ◽

Darwin Daniels ◽

Zoë L. Fleming ◽

Andrés M. Vélez-Pereira

Keyword(s):

Traffic Flow ◽

Noise Level ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Environmental Noise ◽

Time Of Day ◽

Road Traffic Noise ◽

Sampling Point ◽

Heavy Vehicles ◽

Noise Levels

The objective of this study was to determine the influence of vehicular traffic on the environmental noise levels of the Santa Marta City tourist route on the Colombian coast. An analysis of vehicle types and frequencies at various times of the day over nearly a year helped to track the main sources of environmental noise pollution. Five sampling points were selected, which were distributed over 12 km, with three classified as peripheral urban and two as suburban. The average traffic flow was 966 vehicles/h and was mainly composed of automobiles, with higher values in the peripheral urban area. The noise level was 103.3 dBA, with background and peak levels of 87.2 and 107.3 dBA, respectively. The noise level was higher during the day; however, there were no differences between weekdays and weekends. The results from the analysis of variance showed that the number of vehicles and the noise levels varied greatly according to the time of day and sampling point location. The peak and mean noise levels were correlated with the number of automobiles, buses and heavy vehicles. The mean noise levels were similar at all sample points despite the traffic flow varying, and the background noise was only correlated for automobiles (which varied much more than the heavy vehicles between day and night).

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Theoretical Comparison of the Effects of Different Traffic Conditions on Urban Road Traffic Noise

Journal of Advanced Transportation ◽

10.1155/2018/7949574 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mohammad Maghrour Zefreh ◽

Adam Torok

Keyword(s):

Traffic Flow ◽

Noise Level ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Urban Traffic ◽

Road Traffic Noise ◽

Traffic Lights ◽

Urban Road ◽

Traffic Conditions

Road traffic noise is one of the most relevant sources in the environmental noise pollution of the urban areas where dynamics of the traffic flow are much more complicated than uninterrupted traffic flows. It is evident that different traffic conditions would play the role in the urban traffic flow considering the dynamic nature of the traffic flow on one hand and presence of traffic lights, roundabouts, etc. on the other hand. The main aim of the current paper is to investigate the effect of different traffic conditions on urban road traffic noise. To do so, different traffic conditions have been theoretically generated by the Monte Carlo Simulation technique following the distribution of traffic speed in the urban roads. The “ASJ RTN-Model” has been considered as a base road traffic noise prediction model which would deal with different traffic conditions including steady and nonsteady traffic flow that would cover the urban traffic flow conditions properly. Having generated the vehicles speeds in different traffic conditions, the emitted noise (LWA) and subsequently the noise level at receiver (LA) were estimated by “ASJ RTN-Model.” Having estimated LWA and LA for each and every vehicle in each traffic condition and taking the concept of transient noise into account, the single event sound exposure levels (SEL) in different traffic conditions are calculated and compared to each other. The results showed that decelerated traffic flow had the lowest contribution, compared to congestion, accelerated flow, free flow, oversaturated congestion, and undersaturated flow by 16%, 14%, 12%, 12%, and 10%, respectively. Moreover, the distribution of emitted noise and noise level at receiver were compared in different traffic conditions. The results showed that traffic congestion had considerably the maximum peak compared to other traffic conditions which would highlight the importance of the range of generated noise in different traffic conditions.

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Influence of Honking on the Road Traffic Noise Generated at Urban Rotaries for Heterogeneous Traffic

Environmental and Climate Technologies ◽

10.2478/rtuect-2020-0002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 23-42

Author(s):

Kamineni Aditya ◽

Venkaiah Chowdary

Keyword(s):

Noise Level ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Noise Analysis ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Heterogeneous Traffic ◽

Road Traffic Noise ◽

Good Precision ◽

Heavy Vehicles ◽

Noise Levels ◽

Noise Data

AbstractThis paper presents a study conducted at major rotaries for quantifying the traffic noise levels by considering the vehicle volume and their respective honking as governing parameters for heterogeneous traffic. Traffic volume and traffic noise data was collected using a digital video camera and a class 1 sound level meter, respectively. The traffic noise data was analysed using noise tools for identifying the noise level variation. The data collected was subjected to statistical analysis for light, medium and heavy vehicles, and their contribution towards noise levels is proven to be effective with the forthright fact that, heavy vehicles and their corresponding honking were majorly affecting the equivalent noise level compared to other vehicular proportion. An equivalent noise level [LAeq (dB)] rise of 2 to 6 dB (A) is solely caused by heavy vehicles, which is an important observation to be considered for traffic noise analysis at the rotaries. Based on the obtained results from one of the rotaries, noise prediction model is developed for estimating the LAeq (dB), which is able to predict the noise levels with good precision when validated with the data collected at second rotary intersection for different vehicle volumes.

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Road traffic noise assessment in a hospital area in Umuarama - Brazil

Revista Nacional de Gerenciamento de Cidades ◽

10.17271/2318847297420213027 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (74) ◽

Author(s):

Samantha Junqueira Moreira ◽

Warde Antonieta Da Fonseca-Zang ◽

Cecília de Castro Bolina ◽

Stella Alonso Rocha ◽

Paulo Henrique Trombetta Zannin

Keyword(s):

Strong Correlation ◽

Sound Pressure ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Noise Pollution ◽

Road Traffic Noise ◽

Vehicular Traffic ◽

Noise Levels ◽

Hospital Environments ◽

Noise Assessment

In hospital environments, high noise levels can result in damage to patients' treatments, delaying their rest and recovery. The sound pressure level (SPL) in hospital areas during the day must not exceed 50 dB and 45 dB (A) at night, according to NBR 10.151/2019. This research aimed to carry out environmental monitoring of equivalent sound pressure levels (LAeq) at fifteen points in the vicinity of three hospitals in the central region of the municipality of Umuarama-PR, during working days, at four different times, in the months of August, September and November 2018 and continued in March 2019. To this end, we sought to map the LAeq of the points, compare them with data from municipal and federal legislation and relate the LAeq to the volume of vehicular traffic. The collected SPL were higher than recommended by NBR 10.151 at all times and measurement points, during the week, and when considering the municipal regulations, only one point is in the equipment's accuracy limit. From the statistical analysis, a very strong correlation was observed between LAeq and the total volume of vehicles, and also a strong correlation between the descriptors L10 and L50 and the volume of vehicles. The Traffic Noise Index (TNI) was also calculated and the LAeq values were compared with a subjective noise rating. The results show a scenario of noise pollution in the area and there is a need for the application of mitigating measures.

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MODELLING URBAN NOISE IN CITYGML ADE: CASE OF THE NETHERLANDS

ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-4-w5-73-2017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol IV-4/W5 ◽

pp. 73-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

K. Kumar ◽

H. Ledoux ◽

T. J. F. Commandeur ◽

J. E. Stoter

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Input Data ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Environmental Noise ◽

Motor Vehicles ◽

Road Traffic Noise ◽

Noise Levels ◽

Noise Mapping ◽

Urban Noise

Road traffic and industrial noise has become a major source of discomfort and annoyance among the residents in urban areas. More than 44&thinsp;% of the EU population is regularly exposed to road traffic noise levels over 55 dB, which is currently the maximum accepted value prescribed by the Environmental Noise Directive for road traffic noise. With continuously increasing population and number of motor vehicles and industries, it is very unlikely to hope for noise levels to diminish in the near future. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor urban noise, so as to make mitigation plans and to deal with its adverse effects. The 2002/49/EC Environmental Noise Directive aims to determine the exposure of an individual to environmental noise through noise mapping. One of the most important steps in noise mapping is the creation of input data for simulation. At present, it is done semi-automatically (and sometimes even manually) by different companies in different ways and is very time consuming and can lead to errors in the data. In this paper, we present our approach for automatically creating input data for noise simulations. Secondly, we focus on using 3D city models for presenting the results of simulation for the noise arising from road traffic and industrial activities in urban areas. We implemented a few noise modelling standards for industrial and road traffic noise in CityGML by extending the existing Noise ADE with new objects and attributes. This research is a steping stone in the direction of standardising the input and output data for noise studies and for reconstructing the 3D data accordingly.

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3D noise mapping for preselected locations of urban area with and without noise barriers: A case study of Delhi, India

Noise Mapping ◽

10.1515/noise-2020-0006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 74-83

Author(s):

Pervez Alam ◽

Kafeel Ahmad ◽

S. S. Afsar ◽

Nasim Akhtar

Keyword(s):

Noise Level ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Residential Building ◽

Noise Pollution ◽

Critical Issue ◽

Road Traffic Noise ◽

Noise Barriers ◽

Noise Mapping

AbstractNoise pollution has been rising as a critical issue in recent days particularly for the people living in urban areas. This study has been conducted to find out the effects of traffic induced noise on nearby residential building through 3D noise mapping with and without noise Barriers. Monitoring has been carried out at various densely populated preselected locations of Delhi, India. Thereafter, 3D noise mapping has been done using hourly average noise levels for the locations exposed with maximum noise. The developed 3D noise map shows the variation of noise level along X, Y and Z direction for all selected locations before and after installation of noise barriers. Moreover, the result also shows that exact assessment of noise impact is possible through 3D noise mapping, when a multistory building close to the source of noise is taken into consideration. This paper also elaborates the adequate height, distance and NRC value of noise barrier to reduce the effect of road traffic noise on nearby high rise building. Reduction pattern of noise level can easily be visualized and evaluated by using these maps. This type of study could support decision makers during adaptation of suitable remedial measures.

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Methods for Noise Event Detection and Assessment of the Sonic Environment by the Harmonica Index

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11178031 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (17) ◽

pp. 8031

Author(s):

Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès ◽

Roberto Benocci ◽

Giovanni Brambilla ◽

Giovanni Zambon

Keyword(s):

Event Detection ◽

Noise Level ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Time History ◽

Sound Level ◽

Road Traffic Noise ◽

Noise Levels ◽

Start Time ◽

Sonic Environment

Noise annoyance depends not only on sound energy, but also on other features, such as those in its spectrum (e.g., low frequency and/or tonal components), and, over time, amplitude fluctuations, such as those observed in road, rail, or aircraft noise passages. The larger these fluctuations, the more annoying a sound is generally perceived. Many algorithms have been implemented to quantify these fluctuations and identify noise events, either by looking at transients in the sound level time history, such as exceedances above a fixed or time adaptive threshold, or focusing on the hearing perception process of such events. In this paper, four criteria to detect sound were applied to the acoustic monitoring data collected in two urban areas, namely Andorra la Vella, Principality of Andorra, and Milan, Italy. At each site, the 1 s A-weighted short LAeq,1s time history, 10 min long, was available for each hour from 8:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. The resulting 92-time histories cover a reasonable range of urban environmental noise time patterns. The considered criteria to detect noise events are based on: (i) noise levels exceeding by +3 dB the continuous equivalent level LAeqT referred to the measurement time (T), criteria used in the definition of the Intermittency Ratio (IR) to detect noise events; (ii) noise levels exceeding by +3 dB the running continuous equivalent noise level; (iii) noise levels exceeding by +10 dB the 50th noise level percentile; (iv) progressive positive increments of noise levels greater than 10 dB from the event start time. Algorithms (iii) and (iv) appear suitable for notice-event detection; that is, those that (for their features) are clearly perceived and potentially annoy exposed people. The noise events detected by the above four algorithms were also evaluated by the available anomalous noise event detection (ANED) procedure to classify them as produced by road traffic noise or something else. Moreover, the assessment of the sonic environment by the Harmonica index was correlated with the single event level (SEL) of each event detected by the four algorithms. The threshold value of 8 for the Harmonica index, separating the “noisy” from the “very noisy” environments, corresponds to lower SEL levels for notice-events as identified by (iii) and (iv) algorithms (about 88–89 dB(A)) against those identified by (i) and (ii) criteria (92 dB(A)).

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Noise exposure of the residential areas close to urban expressways in a high-rise mountainous city

Environment and Planning B Urban Analytics and City Science ◽

10.1177/23998083211015249 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 239980832110152

Author(s):

Heng Li ◽

Hui Xie

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Noise Exposure ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Road Traffic Noise ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Noise Levels ◽

Night Time ◽

Acoustic Environment ◽

High Rise

Urban expressways can generate excessive noise in the surrounding urban areas, and it tends to be more complex in mountainous cities, due to the undulating terrain, dense population and compact urban structures. This article aims to investigate the objective acoustic environment and road traffic noise exposure, including the noisy evaluation, annoyance and effect of roadside apartments in residential areas close to urban expressways in the high-density, high-rise, mountainous city of Chongqing. Three housing estates were selected for a series of field measurements, questionnaire surveys and noise mapping. There was a significant negative correlation between night-time noise levels and the distances to the urban expressway ( p < 0.01). Moreover, the differences between the daytime and night-time noise levels were generally insignificant (0.7 to 3.6 dBA) at the roadside locations. Differences in reaction to noise exposure in a variety of both person-related and housing condition variables were found, especially between roadside and non-roadside locations or residents. In addition, 75.0% of roadside residents identified the traffic noise as ‘very’ or ‘extremely’ annoying, and 66.7% of them regarded the acoustic environment as the priority environmental factor that needs to be improved. Difference in the ‘bedroom-window orientation’ had a significant effect on subjective noise evaluation. Rectangular-shaped apartments along the roadside obtain better noise reduction capacities than tower-blocks through the simulation. The acoustic performance of road cuttings, as an appropriately designed earth embankment, is improved along with deeper vertical alignment, and slope angles of 30° and 75° should be avoided.

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