Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Images Based on Image Interpolation

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-29
Author(s):  
Xiyu Han ◽  
Zhenxing Qian ◽  
Guorui Feng ◽  
Xinpeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Image Encryption ◽  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
Image Interpolation ◽  
Interpolation Algorithm ◽  
Original Image ◽  
Receiver Side ◽  
Huffman Encoding ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Encrypted Images

This paper proposes a novel method for data hiding in encrypted image using image interpolation. Before the image encryption, the original image is sampled and an interpolation algorithm is used to calculate an estimation of the original image. Errors between the original image and the estimated image are compressed by Huffman encoding, which are further embedded into the estimated image to generate the redundant room. After image encryption using an encryption key, the secret bits are embedded into the reserved room. On the receiver side, the hidden bits can be extracted and the original content of the image can be perfectly recovered. Compared with the published results, the proposed method provides a larger embedding payload.

scholarly journals High-Capacity Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Images Based on Adaptive Predictor and Compression of Prediction Errors

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (17) ◽  
pp. 2166
Author(s):  
Bin Huang ◽  
Chun Wan ◽  
Kaimeng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Image Encryption ◽  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Huffman Coding ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Original Image ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Encrypted Images

Reversible data hiding in encrypted images (RDHEI) is a technology which embeds secret data into encrypted images in a reversible way. In this paper, we proposed a novel high-capacity RDHEI method which is based on the compression of prediction errors. Before image encryption, an adaptive linear regression predictor is trained from the original image. Then, the predictor is used to obtain the prediction errors of the pixels in the original image, and the prediction errors are compressed by Huffman coding. The compressed prediction errors are used to vacate additional room with no loss. After image encryption, the vacated room is reserved for data embedding. The receiver can extract the secret data and recover the image with no errors. Compared with existing approaches, the proposed method efficiently improves the embedding capacity.

scholarly journals High-Capacity Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Images by Information Preprocessing

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Xi-Yan Li ◽  
Xia-Bing Zhou ◽  
Qing-Lei Zhou ◽  
Shi-Jing Han ◽  
Zheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Original Image ◽  
Chaos Encryption ◽  
Secret Information ◽  
Encrypted Image ◽  
Encrypted Images ◽  
Scanned Documents

With the development of cloud computing, high-capacity reversible data hiding in an encrypted image (RDHEI) has attracted increasing attention. The main idea of RDHEI is that an image owner encrypts a cover image, and then a data hider embeds secret information in the encrypted image. With the information hiding key, a receiver can extract the embedded data from the hidden image; with the encryption key, the receiver reconstructs the original image. In this paper, we can embed data in the form of random bits or scanned documents. The proposed method takes full advantage of the spatial correlation in the original images to vacate the room for embedding information before image encryption. By jointly using Sudoku and Arnold chaos encryption, the encrypted images retain the vacated room. Before the data hiding phase, the secret information is preprocessed by a halftone, quadtree, and S-BOX transformation. The experimental results prove that the proposed method not only realizes high-capacity reversible data hiding in encrypted images but also reconstructs the original image completely.

An Efficient Reversible Data Hiding Scheme for Encrypted Images

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Chen ◽  
Dawen Xu
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Original Image ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Encrypted Images

Reversible data hiding in the encrypted domain is an emerging technology, as it can preserve the confidentiality. In this article, an efficient method of reversible data hiding in encrypted images is proposed. The cover image is first partitioned into non-overlapping blocks. A specific modulo addition operation and block-scrambling operation are applied to obtain the encrypted image. The data-hider, who does not know the original image content, may reversibly embed secret data based on the homomorphic property of the cryptosystem. A scale factor is utilized for selecting embedding zone, which is scalable for different capacity requirements. At the receiving end, the additional data can be extracted if the receiver has the data-hiding key only. If the receiver has the encryption key only, he/she can recover the original image approximately. If the receiver has both the data-hiding key and the encryption key, he can extract the additional data and recover the original content without any error. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed scheme.

scholarly journals Implementation of Detachable Reversible Data Hiding in Image Encryption

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2663-2667
Author(s):  
Musham Pradeep ◽  
D Srilatha
Keyword(s):  
Image Encryption ◽  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Original Image ◽  
Encrypted Image

This paper proposes a scheme for detachable reversible data hiding in image encryption. In which the sender encrypts an image using encryption key. Then, the data is appended to the encrypted image using a data-hiding key. With an encrypted image containing additional data, if a receiver has the data-hiding key, he can extract the additional data though he does not know the content of the image. If the receiver has the encryption key, he can decrypt the encrypted image and get an image similar to the original one, but he cannot extract the additional data. If the receiver has both the data-hiding key and the encryption key, he can extract the additional data and recover the original image without any error.

scholarly journals Meaningful Image Encryption Based on Reversible Data Hiding in Compressive Sensing Domain

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Li ◽  
Haiju Fan ◽  
Hua Ren ◽  
Dandan Lu ◽  
Di Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computational Complexity ◽  
Compressive Sensing ◽  
Image Encryption ◽  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
Secret Image ◽  
Key Innovation ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Embedding Rate ◽  
State Of Art

A novel method of meaningful image encryption is proposed in this paper. A secret image is encrypted into another meaningful image using the algorithm of reversible data hiding (RDH). High covertness can be ensured during the communication, and the possibility of being attacked of the secret image would be reduced to a very low level. The key innovation of the proposed method is that RDH is applied to compressive sensing (CS) domain, which brings a variety of benefits in terms of image sampling, communication and security. The secret image after preliminary encryption is embedded into the sparse representation coefficients of the host image with the help of the dictionary. The embedding rate could reach 2 bpp, which is significantly higher than those of other state-of-art schemes. In addition, the computational complexity of receiver is reduced. Simulations verify our proposal.

scholarly journals A Reversible Data Hiding Scheme in Encrypted Images for Medical Applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 166-172
Author(s):  
Dr. Rohith S ◽  
Harish V
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Image Recovery ◽  
Perceptual Quality ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Histogram Shifting ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Encrypted Images ◽  
Excellent Property

Storage and exchange of data of the patient images are common in medical applications. To protect the information of the patient and to avoid miss handling of the patient information data hiding scheme is very much essential. Reversible Data Hiding (RDH) scheme is one such scheme paid more attention to hide the data in encrypted images, since it maintains the excellent property that the original cover can be lossless recovered after embedded data is extracted while protecting the image content’s confidentiality. In this paper initially space is reserved from the encrypted images, which may be used to embed the information later stage. Histogram shifting based Reversible Data Hiding scheme used to reserve the room before encryption process. The proposed method can achieve real reversibility, that is, data extraction and image recovery are free of any error. Experiments show that this novel method and achieves better perceptual quality.

scholarly journals Reversible Information Hiding Algorithm Based on Multikey Encryption

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Zhaohui Li ◽  
Yiqing Wang ◽  
Zhi Wang ◽  
Zheli Liu ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Correlation ◽  
Data Hiding ◽  
Information Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
Rate Distortion ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
Original Image ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Reversible Information Hiding ◽  
Encrypted Images

This paper proposes a scheme of reversible data hiding in encrypted images based on multikey encryption. There are only two parties that are involved in this framework, including the content owner and the recipient. The content owner encrypts the original image with a key set which is composed by a selection method according to the additional message. Thus, the image can be encrypted and embedded at the same time. Additional message can be extracted given that the recipient side could perform decryption strategy by exploiting spatial correlation; then, original image can be recovered without any loss. Compare with other current information hiding mechanism, the proposed approach provides higher embedding capacity and is also able to perfectly reconstruct the original image as well as the embedded message. Rate distortion of the proposed method outperforms the previously published ones.

scholarly journals High-Capacity Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Images Based on Prediction Error Compression and Block Selection

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Xu Wang ◽  
Li-Yao Li ◽  
Ching-Chun Chang ◽  
Chih-Cheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Huffman Coding ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Original Image ◽  
Block Based ◽  
Encrypted Images

The popularity of cloud computing has impelled more users to upload personal data into the cloud server. The need for secure transmission and privacy protection has become a new challenge and has attracted considerable attention. In this paper, we propose a high-capacity reversible data hiding scheme in encrypted images (RDHEI) that compresses prediction errors in usable blocks of block-based encrypted images. On the content owner side, the original image is divided into 2 × 2 sized blocks, and each block is encrypted by block-based modulation. On the data hider side, an efficient block-based predictor is utilized to generate prediction errors. The Huffman coding technique is introduced to compress prediction errors in the usable blocks to embed abundant additional data. On the receiver side, the additional data can be totally extracted with a data hiding key and the original image can be losslessly recovered with an image encryption key. Experimental results demonstrate that the embedding rate of our proposed scheme is significantly improved compared to those of state-of-the-art schemes.

scholarly journals Reversible Data Hiding in Homomorphic Encrypted Domain by Monitoring Ciphertext Group

2019 ◽  
pp. 487-490
Author(s):  
V. Santhi ◽  
M. Abinaya
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Image Encryption ◽  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Encrypted Image ◽  
Standard Data ◽  
Local Standard ◽  
Encrypted Images

Since few years, a new problem is trying to combine in a single step, compression, encryption and data hiding. So far, few solutions have been proposed to combine image encryption and compression for example. Nowadays, a new challenge consists to embed data in encrypted images. Since the entropy of encrypted image is maximal, the embedding step, considered like noise, is not possible by using standard data hiding algorithms. A new idea is to apply reversible data hiding algorithms on encrypted images by wishing to remove the embedded data before the image decryption. Recent reversible data hiding methods have been proposed with high capacity, but these methods are not applicable on encrypted images. In this paper we propose an analysis of the local standard deviation of the marked encrypted images in order to remove the embedded data during the decryption step. We have applied our method on various images, and we show and analyze the obtained results.

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