scholarly journals Study of Energy Efficiency Solutions for a Smart Water Heating System

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Najat Abdeljebbar ◽  
Abdelwahab Haddaoui
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Smart Water

The preservation of natural water and electricity resources is essential for the development of smart cities. Indeed, water and electricity are highly dependent and must be analyzed together to improve the energy efficiency. This article is about the study of the integration of renewable energy and smart solutions in a water heating system. The existing system uses mainly heat pumps to cover the most of the hot water needs. The purpose of this work is to explore possible solutions to optimize the electricity and the water consumption of the installation.

scholarly journals Thermal loss analysis of a solar flat collector using numerical simulation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timur Merembayev ◽  
Yedilkhan Amirgaliyev ◽  
Murat Kunelbayev ◽  
Abdumauvlen Berdyshev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Solar Water Heating System

In this paper, we studied theoretically and numerically heat losses of a flat solar collector for the subsequent modelling of the solar water heating system for the Kazakhstan climate condition. For different climatic zones with a growing cost for energy or lack of central heating systems, promising is to find ways to improve the energy efficiency of the solar system. The solar system is simulated by the mathematical model (ODE model) of energy. To bridge the results of modelling and real values, our research investigated the important physical parameters such as loss coefficient, Nu, Ra, Pr values, which are impacting on the efficiency of solar flat collector and for heat losses of system. The developed mathematical models, the design and composition of the software and hardware complex, automated control and monitoring systems allow solar hot water heating system to increase the energy efficiency of a life support systems and heat supply of buildings, by reducing energy consumption for heat supply.

scholarly journals Efficiency and cost analysis of a designed in-line water heating system compared to a conventional water heating system in South Africa

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Rupert Gouws ◽  
Estie Le Roux
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Solar Water Heating ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

In this paper, the authors compares the efficiency and cost of a designed in-line water heating system with a conventional water heating system (geyser) in South Africa. The paper provides an overview on water heating systems and heating elements and provides the typical water consumption required by an average household in South Africa. A summary on the design of the in-line water heating system together with a system cost analysis is provided. The designed in-line water heating system takes the energy consumption, temperature and pressure into account during operation. The energy consumption and cost of the designed in-line water heating system is compared to a conventional water geyser. A cost analysis on the designed in-line water heating system, heat pumps and solar water heating systems are also provided. The energy consumption results showed that the conventional water geyser on average consumes 2.5% more energy to heat one litre of water from 15 °C to 60 °C, than the designed in-line water heating system to supply one litre of water at 60°C.

scholarly journals Integration of Phase Change Material in the Design of Solar Concentrator-Based Water Heating System

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Teuku Azuar Rizal ◽  
Muhammad Amin ◽  
Syamsul Bahri Widodo ◽  
Nazaruddin Abdul Rachman ◽  
Fazri Amir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Excellent Result ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solar Concentrator ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Change Material

Indonesia has been blessed with excellent solar heat distribution, which can be used as renewable energy to heat water. Various technologies have been developed to utilize these inexhaustible thermodynamic resources, in the form of photons arrays, converted into concentrated heat for daily use, i.e., solar water heater. This renewable-based water heating system can provide significant energy efficiency, benefit the environment, and reduce energy use costs. This experimental study attempts to harvest the energy from the sun using a cylindrical through collector (CTC) type solar concentrator. The CTC was made of the solar reflective film (SRF) affixed to concentrator collector surfaces which was then mounted on an adjustable angle frame of the concentrator collector support. The heat generated from the concentrator was stored in water, and phase change material is embedded in the system to retain the heat longer. The research was carried out in Langsa City, Aceh, Indonesia. The results showed that water heaters using CTC systems could produce 16 L of hot water retained at 40–60 oC for four hours. With the addition of beeswax, the water temperature of the same capacity can be maintained at 40–60 °C for around 5 h. This technology demonstrated an excellent result that produces as much as 60 L of water per day, increasing solar thermal energy efficiency. This technology presented a great potential for replication or even for further development on an industrial scale.

Riqualificazione energetica e bioedilizia in Italia: lo stato dell'arte

2012 ◽  
pp. 74-88
Author(s):  
Livio de Santoli
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Water Heaters

Building sustainability, in term of energy efficiency, low-impact building materials, renewable energy, has experienced significant growth during the past years. In response to the growing dependence on fossil fuels and importations, due in part to the increase of energy consumption in the residential sector (in 2009 46,9 Mtep, 3% more than 2008) and the recent European directives (i.e. EU 2009/28/CE) requiring CO2 emissions cut of up to 13% in 2020, there is interest in promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies, which are suitable for residential applications. In this paper we present an overview on actions related to minimization of buildings energy consumption in Italy. Prevalent line of action is to improve the energy performances of building envelope (Dlgs 192/05) using insulated frames, walls and roofs and replacing heat generators with condensing boilers. In addition to national directives, ONRE Report 2011 (National Observatory on building regulations) shows that 831 Municipalities (10% more than 2010) establish mandatory targets for insulation, photovoltaic solar panels, solar water heaters, heat pumps use, correct buildings orientation, saving of water resource and local materials use. In addiction an efficient energy rating of the buildings could promote the spread of energy efficiency measurement and consequently facilitate their implementation. The new energy rating system should meet international standards, regarding environment and energy aspects, and respect territorial needs.

Research of the energy efficiency of a combined air and water heating of a public building

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
K. A. Ignatiev ◽  
E. R. Giniyatullin ◽  
M. G. Ziganshin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Efficient Control ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Academic Building ◽  
Continental Climate

Combined air and water heating schemes have been actively used recently for heating public and residential premises. They have certain advantages in countries with a warm climate, whereas in a temperate climate, their use may be unfeasible. The most effective regulation of the heating system in the building can be expected, if all the technology specifics are taken into account, in terms of both the purpose of the room and the methods of regulation. A system focused only on weather-based regulation falls short of meeting to energy-efficient control classes: a heat carrier with the same temperature is distributed among rooms with different requirements for temperature and humidity characteristics. The issues of ensuring the energy efficiency of the combined air and water heating system in public buildings for the temperate continental climate of Russia — the academic building (AB) and laboratory building (LB) of the Kazan State Energy University (KSEU) have been considered. Heating devices of the KSEU heating system have manual control valves installed in the premises, or radiator valves with thermostatic heads, but without room controllers, which does not meet the energy-efficient control classes. An experimental survey of the functioning of the heating system of the KSEU buildings during the 2019 – 2020 and 2020 – 2021 heating seasons was conducted. The optical pyrometry method was used to measure the temperature of the surfaces of windows, walls and elements of the heating system, as well as the temperature and humidity of the air in lecture rooms and corridors of the AB and LB of the KSEU. The parameters of heating devices and indoor air in rooms of various purposes were found compliant with the current sanitary and hygienic requirements. At the same time, the need to switch to a higher class of regulation has been revealed, since, under the current situation, the parameters of the indoor air depend on the outdoor temperature: in the abnormally warm winter of 2020, the indoor air temperature was at the edge of the maximum permissible value, while in the normal climate of winter of 2021, it was at the edge of the minimum permissible value.

An Experimental Study of Different Thermal Boxes Heated by Solar Thermal Radiation for Hot Water System at Daytime

2013 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 783-787
Author(s):  
M.Yaakob Yuhazri ◽  
A.M. Kamarul ◽  
A.H. Rahimah ◽  
Sihombing Haeryip ◽  
S.H. Yahaya
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Water System ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Black Body ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Trapped Air ◽  
Current Water ◽  
Tropical Weather

This research is related to thermal efficient water heating system, specifically to improve the water heating system that exists nowadays. The goal of this research is to improve the current water heating system by using solar heat as the energy source to heat the water. The focus is to improve the thermal efficiency by adding different thermal boxes as the absorber bed. By implementing the black body and radiation concept, the air trapped in the box is heated. The trapped air then increases the collisions between the molecules and directly increases the temperature inside the box, higher than the outside environment. Based on a daytime experimental result revealed steel thermal box is better to be used for tropical weather like Malaysia.

Evacuated Tube Heat Pipe Solar Collectors Applied to Recirculation Loop in a Federal Building: SSA Philadelphia

Solar Energy ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Walker ◽  
Fariborz Mahjouri ◽  
Robert Stiteler
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Heat Pipe ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solar Array ◽  
Solar Collectors ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Evacuated Tube ◽  
Recirculation Loop

This paper describes design, simulation, construction and measured initial performance of a solar water heating system (360 Evacuated Heat-Pipe Collector tubes, 54 m2 gross area, 36 m2 net absorber area) installed at the top of the hot water recirculation loop in the Social Security Mid-Atlantic Center in Philadelphia. Water returning to the hot water storage tank is heated by the solar array when solar energy is available. This new approach, as opposed to the more conventional approach of preheating incoming water, is made possible by the thermal diode effect of heat pipes and low heat loss from evacuated tube solar collectors. The simplicity of this approach and its low installation costs makes the deployment of solar energy in existing commercial buildings more attractive, especially where the roof is far removed from the water heating system, which is often in the basement. Initial observed performance of the system is reported. Hourly simulation estimates annual energy delivery of 111 GJ/year of solar heat and that the annual efficiency (based on the 54 m2 gross area) of the solar collectors is 41%, and that of the entire system including parasitic pump power, heat loss due to freeze protection, and heat loss from connecting piping is 34%. Annual average collector efficiency based on a net aperture area of 36 m2 is 61.5% according to the hourly simulation.

Wood-Fired, Hot Water Heating System for Turkeys and Broilers

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
L. Bynum Driggers ◽  
Rupert W. Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Heating System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Heating

scholarly journals Economic assessment and optimizing of the solar water heating system

2018 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 02023
Author(s):  
Jan Skovajsa ◽  
Martin Zálešák
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Solar Water Heating ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Solar Water Heating System

The article deals with the economic evaluation of investment and optimization of the solar water heating system for family houses. From the point of view of solar systems, the optimal solution is based on the specific application of it. The design is dependent on the location of solar thermal collectors and ration between active aperture area and real daytime consumption. Common calculations according to actual standards often give overstated results, which also reflected in the value of the investments. The article presents the research of optimal parameters of the thermal solar system for preparing of domestic hot water. A combination of related standards and software TRNSYS are used to find optimal parameters. Thanks to created and verified simulation models, it is possible to design parameters so as to avoid under-dimensioning or over-dimensioning of the solar system. Energy price is another factor affects the payback period of investments. This is affected by the used energy sources and their combination. For example, buildings that use electricity to heat water or heating have different energy charges than a building that uses natural gas. So, the aim is to find technically and economically efficient solution.

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