Review on Biopolymer Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 614-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Fatin Ab. Rahman ◽  
Loh Kee Shyuan ◽  
Abu Bakar Mohamad ◽  
Abdul Amir Hassan Kadhum
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
High Proton Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Stabilities ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
High Proton ◽  
Electrolyte Membranes ◽  
Chitin And Chitosan

Tremendous efforts are being made to produce polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) for fuel cell using advanced materials in order to replace Nafion due to the high costs and its complicated synthesis procedures. One of the efforts include an extensive research on natural polymer to produce biopolymer based electrolyte membranes with desirable properties such as high proton conductivity, as well as good chemical and thermal stabilities. The examples of biopolymer that have been used are polysaccharide (e.g. cellulose, starch and glycogen), chitin and chitosan. This paper presents an overview of the types of biopolymer used to produce a PEM, comprised also their chemical and physical properties, and its performances in fuel cell applications.

A magnetic resonance and electrochemical study of the role of polymer mobility in supporting hydrogen transport in perfluorosulfonic acid membranes

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (28) ◽  
pp. 19098-19109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Blossom Yan ◽  
Alan P. Young ◽  
Gillian R. Goward
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Hydrogen Transport ◽  
High Proton Conductivity ◽  
Perfluorosulfonic Acid ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
High Proton ◽  
Perfluorosulfonic Acid Membranes ◽  
Mechanical Durability

Perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) materials have been used in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) as electrolyte materials due to their mechanical durability and high proton conductivity.

Engineering porous materials for fuel cell applications

2005 ◽  
Vol 364 (1838) ◽  
pp. 147-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.P Brandon ◽  
D.J Brett
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Porous Materials ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Effective Diffusivity ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Fuel Cell Electrodes ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Diffusion Layers ◽  
Electrolyte Membranes

Porous materials play an important role in fuel cell engineering. For example, they are used to support delicate electrolyte membranes, where mechanical integrity and effective diffusivity to fuel gases is critical; they are used as gas diffusion layers, where electronic conductivity and permeability to both gas and water is critical; and they are used to construct fuel cell electrodes, where an optimum combination of ionic conductivity, electronic conductivity, porosity and catalyst distribution is critical. The paper will discuss these characteristics, and introduce the materials and processing methods used to engineer porous materials within two of the leading fuel cell variants, the solid oxide fuel cell and the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell.

scholarly journals Recent Advancements in Polysulfone Based Membranes for Fuel Cell (PEMFCs, DMFCs and AMFCs) Applications: A Critical Review

Polymers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Rajangam Vinodh ◽  
Raji Atchudan ◽  
Hee-Je Kim ◽  
Moonsuk Yi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Metal Catalyst ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Electrolyte Membranes ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Alkaline Membrane

In recent years, ion electrolyte membranes (IEMs) preparation and properties have attracted fabulous attention in fuel cell usages owing to its high ionic conductivity and chemical resistance. Currently, perfluorinatedsulfonicacid (PFSA) membrane has been widely employed in the membrane industry in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs); however, NafionTM suffers reduced proton conductivity at a higher temperature, requiring noble metal catalyst (Pt, Ru, and Pt-Ru), and catalyst poisoning by CO. Non-fluorinated polymers are a promising substitute. Polysulfone (PSU) is an aromatic polymer with excellent characteristics that have attracted membrane scientists in recent years. The present review provides an up-to-date development of PSU based electrolyte membranes and its composites for PEMFCs, alkaline membrane fuel cells (AMFCs), and direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) application. Various fillers encapsulated in the PEM/AEM moiety are appraised according to their preliminary characteristics and their plausible outcome on PEMFC/DMFC/AMFC. The key issues associated with enhancing the ionic conductivity and chemical stability have been elucidated as well. Furthermore, this review addresses the current tasks, and forthcoming directions are briefly summarized of PEM/AEMs for PEMFCs, DMFCs, AMFCs.

scholarly journals A Review on Sulfonated Polymer Composite/Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Membranes to Address Methanol Barrier Issue for Methanol Fuel Cells

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhanapal ◽  
Xiao ◽  
Wang ◽  
Meng
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Hybrid Membranes ◽  
Inorganic Hybrid ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
High Proton ◽  
And Performance

This paper focuses on a literature analysis and review of sulfonated polymer (s-Poly) composites, sulfonated organic, inorganic, and organic–inorganic hybrid membranes for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEM) systems, particularly for methanol fuel cell applications. In this review, we focused mainly on the detailed analysis of the distinct segment of s-Poly composites/organic–inorganic hybrid membranes, the relationship between composite/organic– inorganic materials, structure, and performance. The ion exchange membrane, their size distribution and interfacial adhesion between the s-Poly composites, nanofillers, and functionalized nanofillers are also discussed. The paper emphasizes the enhancement of the s-Poly composites/organic–inorganic hybrid membrane properties such as low electronic conductivity, high proton conductivity, high mechanical properties, thermal stability, and water uptake are evaluated and compared with commercially available Nafion® membrane.

Numerical Simulation of a High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fabrication Process

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Bhamidipati ◽  
T. A. L. Harris
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Membrane Fabrication ◽  
Electrolyte Membranes ◽  
Dynamics Models

Cost, durability, and reliability are the major issues hindering the commercialization of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. Electrolyte membranes present in the fuel cell fails under chemical, thermal, and mechanical influences, which, in turn, results in the overall fuel cell failure. In the present work, 2D studies are performed to understand the effect of manufacturing processing conditions and materials on the quality of the high-temperature membranes. Multiphase computational fluid dynamics models are used for solving the flow behavior of a shear-thinning non-Newtonian fluid. The viscosity and velocities were found to have a profound effect on the membrane structure.

Proton Conducting Membrane Prepared by Cross-Linking Highly Sulfonated Peek for PEMFC Application

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongze Luo ◽  
Guntars Vaivars ◽  
Mkhulu Mathe ◽  
Shakes Nonjola ◽  
Mark Rohwer
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Proton Conducting ◽  
Proton Conducting Membrane ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
High Proton ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
The Cross

The proton conducting membrane was prepared by cross-linking highly sulfonated and sulfinated poly(etheretherketone) (SsPEEK). The cross-linked membrane is low cost due to its use of non-expensive chemical and simple production procedure. The membrane exhibited high proton conductivity (0.04 S/cm at 60 °C), extremely reduced water uptake, enhanced strength and stability compared with that of non-cross-linked membrane. These results suggested that the cross-linked PEEK membrane is a suitable candidate of proton conducting membranes for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) applications, particularly promising to be used in direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) due to its lower methanol crossover.

Fuell Cell and Hydrogen Vehicles - State of the Art and Challenges for Improved Materials

2007 ◽  
Vol 539-543 ◽  
pp. 1321-1326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Treffinger ◽  
Andreas Brinner ◽  
Roland Schöll ◽  
Horst E. Friedrich
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Bipolar Plate ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Material Research ◽  
Fuel Cell Vehicles ◽  
Material Development ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Operation Temperature

Fuel cell vehicles should be further improved. Key issues are cost reduction; higher power density of the primary energy converter, the fuel cell; wider operation ranges and improvement of operation parameters, e.g. higher operation temperature and starting ability in freezing conditions. Using advanced materials and construction principles is a key factor by meeting these requirements. The paper gives a short introduction to the technology of fuel cell vehicles and the most prominent fuel cell type for traction applications, the polymer-electrolyte-membrane fuel cell (PEFC). Progress in material development of a core component of the PEFC, the bipolar plate is described. In the second part of the paper some ideas are presented, in which way material research could help to enable suitable on-board storages for hydrogen. Namely, a new approach to design compressed gas storages and new developments in materials for solid state hydrogen storage are brought to attention.

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