A System Dynamics Approach for Evaluating Policies on Prioritizing Public Transportation

2013 ◽  
Vol 391 ◽  
pp. 628-632
Author(s):  
Kun Da Li ◽  
Si En Zhou ◽  
Xin Miao Yang
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Socioeconomic System ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Government

This paper provides a modeling framework based on the system dynamics approach by which policy makers can understand the dynamic and complex nature of the policies on prioritizing public transportation within a transportation socioeconomic system. Since the government has implemented the policies on prioritizing public transportation, a framework that helps policy makers to understand the impacts of such policies is currently quite relevant. Within this framework, 6 basic subsystems: population, economic development, environmental influence, public transport development, private cars development and priority polices, focuses on the short-and long-term system behaviors.

THE POWER OF TESTS: A CRITICAL PERSPECTIVE ON THE USES OF LANGUAGE TESTS.Elana Shohamy. London: Longman, 2001. Pp. xxvi + 182. £18.99 paper.

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 644-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
April Ginther
Keyword(s):  
School Administrators ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Power Of Tests ◽  
Language Tests ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Long Term Consequences

In the introduction to The power of tests: A critical perspective on the uses of language tests, Elana Shohamy raises the following questions: What is the meaning of a test for test takers, parents, teachers, and school administrators? What are the short- and long-term consequences of tests on the lives of individuals? What are the motivating factors behind the administration of language tests? What are the politics of the tests? These kinds of questions logically arise when the examination of testing includes a concern with the use of tests by educational institutions, policy makers, and society at large. Focusing primarily on the misuse of tests, this volume chronicles both intended and unintended test consequences.

Intervention by Outsiders: A Strategic Management Perspective on Government Industrial Policy

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romano Dyerson ◽  
Frank Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Management Perspective ◽  
British Experience ◽  
The Government

ABSTRACTAs the debate throughout the eighties has concluded, the efforts of governments to intervene at the firm level has largely been disappointing. Using two examples drawn from the British experience, Rover and Inmos, this paper offers an analysis as to why the Government has encountered difficulties when it has sought to intervene in a strategic fashion. Essentially, public policy makers lack adequate mechanisms to intervene effectively in technology-based companies. Locked out of the knowledge base of the firm, inappropriate financial control is imposed which reinforces the ‘outsider’ status of the Government. Having addressed the limitations of strategic intervention, the paper, drawing on the comparative experience of other countries, then goes on to address how this policy boundary might be pushed back in the long term.

Using system dynamics to evaluate renewable electricity development in Malaysia

Kybernetes ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Ahmad ◽  
Razman bin Mat Tahar
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Capacity Expansion ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government ◽  
Policy Targets

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an assessment of Malaysia's renewable capacity target. Malaysia relies heavily on fossil fuels for electricity generation. To diversify the fuel-mix, a technology-specific target has been set by the government in 2010. Considering the complexity in generation expansion, there is a dire need for an assessment model that can evaluate policy in a feedback fashion. The study also aims to expand policy evaluation literature in electricity domain by taking a dynamic systems approach. Design/methodology/approach – System dynamics modelling and simulation approach is used in this study. The model variables, selected from literature, are constituted into casual loop diagram. Later, a stock and flow diagram is developed by integrating planning, construction, operation, and decision making sub-models. The dynamic interactions between the sub-sectors are analysed based on the short-, medium- and long-term policy targets. Findings – Annual capacity constructions fail to achieve short-, medium- and long-term targets. However, the difference in operational capacity and medium- and long-term target are small. In terms of technology, solar photovoltaic (PV) attains the highest level of capacity followed by biomass. Research limitations/implications – While financial calculations are crucial for capacity expansion decisions, currently they are not being modelled; this study primarily focuses on system delays and exogenous components only. Practical implications – A useful model that offers regulators and investors insights on system characteristics and policy targets simultaneously. Originality/value – This paper provides a model for evaluating policy for renewable capacity expansion development in a dynamic context, for Malaysia.

scholarly journals Testing successful Business Model using System Dynamics

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
J. Ganzarain ◽  
M. Ruiz ◽  
J.I. Igartua
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Continuous Change ◽  
Dynamic Complexity ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Systemic View

In our increasingly globalised economy, managing continuous change whilst remaining competitive and dynamic has become a central issue for firms in the industrial sector. One of the elements for obtaining this competitiveness is the value creation model of the firm. The most important challenges in firms are characterised by dynamic complexity which makes it difficult to understand factors in their context. Consequently management and decision making is hindered (Antunes et al., 2011). Business models are characterised by complexity and dynamism. Performance of the firm is a complex topic determined by the large amount of variables that can be involved in the system, and the different effects that influence the system in the short and long term. Due to this complexity a systemic view is required, that is, an holistic view of the whole system. Such a systemic view enables managers to make decisions based on evidence rather than intuition and personal experiences, as they understand how the whole system works. Thus, the main aim of this research is to use an empirical tool such as System Dynamics (SD), to support and sustain firms in the identification of new constructs related to their Business Model (BM).

Towards a Methodology for Monitoring and Analyzing the Supply Chain Behavior

2011 ◽  
pp. 186-208
Author(s):  
Reinaldo Moraga ◽  
Luis Rabelo ◽  
Alfonso Sarmiento
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Eigenvalue Analysis ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
And Performance

In this chapter, the authors present general steps towards a methodology that contributes to the advancement of prediction and mitigation of undesirable supply chain behavior within short- and long- term horizons by promoting a better understanding of the structure that determines the behavior modes. Through the integration of tools such as system dynamics, neural networks, eigenvalue analysis, and sensitivity analysis, this methodology (1) captures the dynamics of the supply chain, (2) detects changes and predicts the behavior based on these changes, and (3) defines needed modifications to mitigate the unwanted behaviors and performance. In the following sections, some background information is given from literature, the general steps of the proposed methodology are discussed, and finally a case study is briefly summarized.

scholarly journals A generic system dynamics model for simulating and evaluating the hydrological performance of reconstructed watersheds

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 865-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Keshta ◽  
A. Elshorbagy ◽  
S. Carey
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Water Balance Components ◽  
Absolute Relative Error ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Natural Watersheds ◽  
Generic System

Abstract. A generic system dynamics watershed (GSDW) model is developed and applied to five reconstructed watersheds located in the Athabasca mining basin, Alberta, Canada, and one natural watershed (boreal forest) located in Saskatchewan, Canada, to simulate various hydrological processes in reconstructed and natural watersheds. This paper uses the root mean square error (RMSE), the mean absolute relative error (MARE), and the correlation coefficient (R) as the main performance indicators, in addition to the visual comparison. For the South Bison Hills (SBH), South West Sand Storage (SWSS) and Old Aspen (OA) simulated soil moisture, the RMSE values ranges between 2.5–4.8 mm, and the MARE ranges from 7% to 18%, except for the D2-cover it was 26% for the validation year. The R statistics ranges from 0.3 to 0.77 during the validation period. The error between the measured and simulated cumulative actual evapotranspiration (AET) flux for the SWSS, SBH, and the OA sites were 2%, 5%, and 8%, respectively. The developed GSDW model enables the investigation of the utility of different soil cover designs and evaluation of their performance. The model is capable of capturing the dynamics of water balance components, and may used to conduct short- and long- term predictions under different climate scenarios.

Strategic Management of Technology for Power Generation Equipment: A System Dynamics Approach

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavio J. Franco
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Scenario Planning ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Management Of Technology ◽  
Power Generation Equipment ◽  
The Government

There is a large number of studies about energy long term trends and policies, published by national and international government organisations. Commercial companies, particularly manufacturers of power generation equipment, can take benefit of these studies to test the robustness of long term technology development strategies. Scenario Planning and System Dynamics have been used by the government organisations to study energy policies. In this paper an application of this methodology is proposed for manufacturers of power generation equipment, in particular gas turbine manufacturers. A generic company is used as an illustrative example, against scenarios produced by the International Institute for Applied System Analysis. A System Dynamics model is proposed, simplifications and assumptions are discussed, the type of results that can be obtained is shown and some recommendations are suggested for the construction of more realistic models.

scholarly journals Factors Welfare Recipients View Significant to Become Self-Sufficient

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Lucson Francois
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Welfare Recipients ◽  
Housing Assistance ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Social Work Research ◽  
The Government ◽  
Depth Interviews

The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of welfare recipients regarding factors significant to becoming self-sufficient in Southeast Florida. The study took a qualitative approach, administering in-depth interviews to 20 current welfare clients. To ensure valid and reliable results, a computer software program known as QSR NVivo 10 was utilized for the accurate coding of responses. Findings in the study suggest that benefits, such as child care, transportation, Medicaid, subsidized employment, housing assistance, and vocational training provided by the government are significant in helping welfare recipients successfully transition from relying on the governmental assistance to obtaining reliable employment with the ultimate goal of becoming self-sufficient; however, their perception differs from policy makers in terms of the benefits provided by the government and how those benefits should be provided. Participants reported that the most helpful programs to their becoming successful were subsidized employment and vocational training. They believed the programs should be redesigned to focus on clients’ success. They believed community service did not help them achieve their long- term goal of becoming independent. Implications for social work research and practice are suggested.

scholarly journals An Empirical Agent-Based Model for Regional Knowledge Creation in Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 477
Author(s):  
Martina Neuländtner
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
European Regions ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Scientific Debate ◽  
Long Line ◽  
Regression Framework ◽  
Short And Long Term

Modelling the complex nature of regional knowledge creation is high on the research agenda. It deals with the identification of drivers for regional knowledge creation of different kinds, among them inter-regional networks and agglomeration factors, as well as their interplay; i.e., in which way they influence regional knowledge creation and accordingly, innovation capabilities—in the short- and long-term. Complementing a long line of tradition—establishing a link between regional knowledge input indicators and knowledge output in a regression framework—we propose an empirically founded agent-based simulation model that intends to approximate the complex nature of the multi-regional knowledge creation process for European regions. Specifically, we account for region-internal characteristics, and a specific embedding in the system of region-internal and region-external R&D collaboration linkages. With first exemplary applications, we demonstrate the potential of the model in terms of its robustness and empirical closeness. The model enables the replication of phenomena and current scientific issues of interest in the field of geography of innovation and hence, shows its potential to advance the scientific debate in this field in the future.

scholarly journals The Balanced Scorecard and the Strategic Learning Process: A System Dynamics Modeling Approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steen Nielsen ◽  
Erland H. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Balanced Scorecard ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Strategic Learning ◽  
Dynamics Modeling ◽  
The Balanced Scorecard ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Methodological Aspects

The main purpose of this paper is to improve on the conceptual as well as the methodological aspects of BSC as a quantitative model by combining elements from traditional balanced scorecard (BSC) thinking with the Systems Thinking. This is done by combining short and long term aspects of measurements. The result is then used to build and construct a balanced scorecard model for strategic learning with the specific aim to maintain satisfied customers and motivated employees. Strategic planning, operational execution, feedback, and learning are some of the most important key features of any performance measurement model. This paper aims to address not only the conceptual domain related to BSC, that is, learning and system dynamics causality and feedback, but also the methodological domain concept of precision solved by differential equations. Our results show how a potential move from a static strategic vision map to a linked and dynamic understanding may be not fully realistic but very useful for learning purposes. The new knowledge obtained from the learning feedbacks fertilizes both decision discussion and decision-making and what may be required in order to move to the next level of BSC and system dynamics integration.

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