Measurement and Correlation for Solubilities of 2,4-D Acid in Ethanol-Water

2013 ◽  
Vol 477-478 ◽  
pp. 1452-1456
Author(s):  
Yan Fei Wang ◽  
Lin Shan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Equation ◽  
Polynomial Equation ◽  
Solubility Data ◽  
Binary Solvent ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Better Than

Within range of temperature from 15°C to 45°C,the solubility of 2,4-D acid in binary solvent formed from different ratio of ethanol and water are measured using equilibrium method.The results of experiment indicate that the solubilities of 2,4-D increase with the incresing temperature and the ratio of ethanol in mixed solvent.The solubility data are correlated with polynomial equation and semi-empirical equation.It shows the correlation with polynomial equation is better than with semi-empirical equation.

A new semi-empirical equation for compressed liquid densities ofn-alkanes

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-432
Author(s):  
Yanjun Sun ◽  
Xiaopo Wang ◽  
Zhigang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Equation ◽  
Compressed Liquid ◽  
Semi Empirical

Modeling Wood Density of Larch Using Random Effects Models

2013 ◽  
Vol 302 ◽  
pp. 124-127
Author(s):  
Yin Bang Liu ◽  
Li Chun Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Polynomial Equation ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Water Displacement ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
Better Than

Wood density samples were collected from dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii Rupr.) trees grown in northeastern China. Six discs (about 5 cm thick) were cut from each tree (i.e. from the root stem, at breast height (1.3m), and at 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of the total height). For each disc, a thick sliver with parallel sides was cut out along the diameter of the disc. The sliver was about 40-mm thick, with the pith located in the middle. Eight small pieces were cut from the sliver with equal distance from pith to bark. Wood density of small piece was obtained using water displacement method. A second order polynomial equation with linear mixed-effects was used for modeling wood density. The LME procedure in S-Plus is used to fit the mixed-effects models for the wood density data. The results showed that the polynomial model with three random parameters could significantly improve the model performance. The fitted mixed-effects model was also evaluated using a separate dataset. The mixed model was found to predict wood density better than the original model fitted using ordinary least-squares based on absolute and relative errors.

Liquid Taylor Bubbles Rising in a Vertical Column of a Heavier Liquid: An Approximate Analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. Mandal ◽  
G. Das ◽  
P. K. Das
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Equation ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Rise Velocity ◽  
Vertical Column ◽  
Taylor Bubble ◽  
Two Fluids ◽  
Viscosity Effects ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Theoretical Analyses ◽  
Taylor Bubbles

It has been noted that a volume of lighter liquid when injected into a stationary column of a heavier liquid, it rises up as a simple elongated Taylor bubble. In the present study, experimental and theoretical analyses have been performed to understand the rise of liquid Taylor bubbles. The experiments have been performed with different liquid pairs with their viscosities ranging from 0.71mPas to 1.75mPas and conduit sizes ranging from 0.012 m to 0.0461 m. The bubble shape has been predicted using a potential flow analysis and validated from photographic measurements. This analysis has been further modified to predict the rise velocity. The modified analysis accounts for the density difference between the two liquids, viscosity effects of the primary liquid, and interfacial tension of two fluids. A semi-empirical equation has been developed, which gives satisfactory results for most of the cases.

scholarly journals Overpotential evaluation of PEMFC using semi-empirical equation and SEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 01015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaro Akimoto ◽  
Shin-nosuke Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Fault Diagnosis ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Empirical Equation ◽  
Independent Power Supply ◽  
Diagnosis Method ◽  
Degradation Diagnosis ◽  
Semi Empirical

Fuel cells are a clean and weather-independent power supply. Solar and wind power are widespread in islands that are difficult to supply power. If problems are solved in the future, fuel cells are also expected to become popular. The widespread commercialization of PEMFC stacks depends on their reliability and fault diagnosis. In this study, we developed a degradation diagnosis method for the purpose of improving reliability. The output reduction of the fuel cell is separated into reduction factors called overpotentials. And the factor of the decrease is specified. In this paper, we show the proposed method and the degradation factors, and the effectiveness of the method.

scholarly journals The Association between Various Earnings and Cash Flow Measures of Firm Performance and Stock Returns: some Iranian evidence

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Mazloom ◽  
Alireza Azarberahman ◽  
Jalal Azarberahman
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Stock Returns ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Better Than

The main purpose of this research is the study of association between various measures of firm performance based on earnings and cash flows and stock returns. This research is an applied research, and its design is semi-empirical, which is done by the method of post-event (past information). The statistical population of the research includes all companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE), and its period is nine consecutive years, from 2003 to 2011. Simple and multiple regressions are applied in order to test the hypotheses. Results of the research represent that earning based measures are more related to stock returns than cash flow based measures. Furthermore, earning based measures depict the company performance better than cash flow measures in some companies with higher accruals. But in companies with lower accruals, the company performance cannot be depicted properly neither by earning based nor cash flow based measures.

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