Performance Study of Electric Compressor in Non-Electric Vehicle

2014 ◽  
Vol 554 ◽  
pp. 464-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiman Dahlan Afiq ◽  
Amirah Haziqah Zulkifli ◽  
Nasution Henry ◽  
Abdul Aziz Azhar ◽  
Mohd Rozi Mohd Perang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Internal Heat ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Speed Rotation ◽  
Compressor Power

The usage of electric compressor inside conventional non-electric vehicle is a new shifts in current vehicle air conditioning system which currently using belt-driven compressor to operate. The usage of belt-driven compressor causes the compressor speed to vary with engine speed rotation, which we cannot control. The usage of electric compressor to replace the belt-driven compressor makes the speed to be according to the cooling load and thus reducing engine load. The current research activity focuses on the development of electric compressor using direct current (DC) from vehicles battery to replace current belt-driven in vehicle air conditioning system. Performance study is focusing on temperature inside cabin, cooling capacity, compressor power consumption and coefficient of performance (COP). The DC compressor speed is varying at 1800, 2000, 2200, 2400, 2500 and 3000 rpm at internal heat load of 1000W with temperature set-point of 20°C. The system uses On/Off controller and compared to belt-driven compressor. The overall experimental results in better energy efficiency at the expense of lower cooling capacity.

scholarly journals Thermal Performance Analysis of Low-GWP Refrigerants in Automotive Air-Conditioning System

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousuf Alhendal ◽  
Abdalla Gomaa ◽  
Gamal Bedair ◽  
Abdulrahim Kalendar
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Exergy Destruction ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Capacity Coefficient ◽  
Automotive Air Conditioning ◽  
Automotive Air Conditioning System ◽  
Compressor Power ◽  
Low Global Warming Potential

The energy and exergy of low-global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants were investigated experimentally and theoretically. Refrigerants with a modest GWP100 of  ≤ 150 can be sufficient for bringing down emissions which were concerned for the automotive air-conditioning system. Three types of low-GWP refrigerants, R152a, R1234yf, and R1234ze(E), were examined with particular reference to the current high-GWP of R134a. The effect of different evaporating and condensing temperatures in addition to compressor speed was considered. The purpose was to bring a clear view of the performance characteristics of possible environment friendly alternatives of R134a. The analysis was carried out with compressor power, cooling capacity, coefficient of performance, exergy destruction, and exergy efficiency. It was noted that the total exergy destruction of R1234yf was reduced by 15% compared to that of R134a. The refrigerant R1234ze(E) has the highest energetic and exergetic performance compared with the other investigated refrigerants.

Performance Study of DC Compressor for Automotive Air Conditioning System

2012 ◽  
Vol 614-615 ◽  
pp. 674-677
Author(s):  
Nasution Henry ◽  
M.H.Z. Yamani ◽  
K. Sumeru
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Automotive Air Conditioning ◽  
Automotive Air Conditioning System

The automotive air conditioning compressor (AAC) is belt-driven by the engine. The compressor speed is directly proportional to the engine speed. Therefore, the cooling capacity will vary as the engine speed changes. To meet the air conditioning (AC) demand, the compressor continually cycles on and off. In the research, the compressor of the AAC is driven by an electric motor which in turn is operated by electrical battery (12 volt). The use of direct current compressor (DCC) is seen as a solution of the existing system. Using the proposed system, DCC gets significant improvements in energy efficiency. Compared with AAC system, the energy conservation effect is about 77.5% to 86.35%.

Experimental analysis of the low-GWP refrigerant R1234yf as a drop-in replacement for R134a in a typical mobile air conditioning system

2012 ◽  
Vol 226 (11) ◽  
pp. 2713-2725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Zhaogang Qi ◽  
Jiangping Chen ◽  
Baixing Xu ◽  
Bin He
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Laminated Plate ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Expansion Valve ◽  
Variable Displacement ◽  
Valve Opening

This study investigated the performance of a typical mobile air conditioning system using R134a and R1234yf as the working fluids under different working conditions. The system is composed of a microchannel parallel flow condenser, a laminated plate evaporator, a variable displacement compressor, and a thermal expansion valve. The different working cycles of each refrigerant were comprehensively compared. The optimum refrigerant charge amount of the R1234yf system was approximately 95% of the R134a system during drop-in tests. The performance of the R134a system was a little higher than that of the R1234yf system. The cooling capacity and system coefficient of performance of the R134a system were 12.4% and 9% larger, respectively. This result is mainly because of the thermophysical property differences between the two refrigerants and the improper expansion valve opening of R1234yf. Analysis on the whole cycle revealed that the R1234yf system could obtain a higher evaporating pressure and a larger superheat and subcooling. Redesigning the expansion valve for R1234yf could improve performance of the system.

THE PERFORMANCE OF CONDENSER UNDER DIFFERENT VEHICLE SPEEDS

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 1350013 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHIH-CHIU SHEN ◽  
JAU-HUAI LU
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Electric Motors ◽  
No Emission ◽  
Air Conditioning System

Due to the concern in energy shortage and environmental protection, electric vehicle is considered to be a substitute for the conventional gasoline-powered vehicles due to its characteristics of high efficiency and no emission. However, the load of air conditioning causes a serious problem for electric vehicles, especially in tropical and subtropical areas. The compressor of conventional air conditioning system is driven by engine and its speed is thus coupled to vehicle speed. In electric vehicles, the compressor is driven by electric motors and compressor speed could be decoupled to vehicle speed. This mechanism provides an opportunity to improve the energy efficiency of electric vehicle since the operation of air conditioning system may be independent of vehicle speed. The purpose of this paper is to find out the electric fan operation model as vehicle speed is varied. This paper was to establish a theoretical model for the condenser of automotive air conditioner and to conduct simulation to evaluate the effect of vehicle speed on the cooling capacity and sub-cooling of condenser. Results of simulation demonstrated that vehicle with 6 km h-1 speed has the 5°C of sub-cooling at 0.0266 kg s-1 of refrigerant flow rate and the cooling capacity was 4.93 kW. In this study, an increase of 16.6% in cooling capacity can be reached as the speed of vehicle was raised from 6 to 110 km h-1 and can promote the sub-cooling to 19.5°C. It was also found that the cooling capacity of air conditioner is extremely sensitive to vehicle speed while the vehicle is running at low speed. Furthermore, increases in the vehicle speed resulted in reduction of the length of superheat region from 17.5 to 8.5 cm. Finally, a correlation among these variables and the simulated cooling capacity was obtained in this study, enabling the relevant researchers to evaluate automotive air conditioner performance under different vehicle speeds more easily.

Performance of Automotive Air-Conditioning System by Using Ejector as an Expansion Device

2016 ◽  
Vol 819 ◽  
pp. 216-220
Author(s):  
Firdaus Mat Jusoh ◽  
Henry Nasution ◽  
Azhar Abdul Aziz ◽  
Sumeru ◽  
Afiq Aiman Dahlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Internal Heat ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Expansion Process ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Automotive Air Conditioning ◽  
Expansion Valve ◽  
Automotive Air Conditioning System

An automotive air conditioning system that uses thermal expansion valve (TEV) as an expansion device. The pressure drop from the condenser and evaporator pressure is considered an isenthalpic process (constant enthalpy), where this process causes energy loss (entropy generation) in the expansion process. The ejector recovers energy losses, which was previously lost in the expansion valve, and an ejector can be used to generate isentropic condition in the expansion process. The use of an ejector as an expansion device in this study can reduce power consumption of the compressor and increase cooling capacity of the evaporator. The experiments were conducted with temperature set-points of the conditioned space of 21, 22 and 23°C with internal heat loads of 100, 200 and 400 W. Measurements were taken during the one hour experimental period at a time interval of five minutes. The experiment results indicate that the ejector system is better than TEV and save fuel.

scholarly journals Experimental Thermodynamic Investigation on the Refrigerant Charge in a Transcritical CO2 Electric Bus Air Conditioning System

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5614
Author(s):  
Haidan Wang ◽  
Shengbo Li ◽  
Yulong Song ◽  
Xiang Yin ◽  
Feng Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Performance ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Exergy Efficiency ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Electric Bus ◽  
Maximum Coefficient ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

Due to its considerable impact on climate, bus air conditioning systems are being pushed to take a new and sustainable path. Electric buses relying on transcritical CO2 air conditioning units are perceived to be eco-friendly and future-proof solutions to achieving such a target. However, in order to have highly efficient air conditioning systems, the CO2 charge needs to be optimized. In this paper the energy and exergy-based analyses were performed to investigate the effect of normalized refrigerant charge on the system performance by using a test rig of a transcritical CO2 air conditioning unit for an 8 m electric bus. Results showed that the normalized refrigerant charge range of 0.248~0.336 was recommended in order to ensure the maximum coefficient of performance (COP). In addition, in sufficient charge conditions, the optimal COP, cooling capacity and exergy efficiency were 1.716, 18.97 kW and 29.79%, respectively, under the standard refrigeration condition of 35 °C/27 °C. As the ambient temperature rose from 35 °C to 40 °C, the COP, cooling capacity and exergy efficiency decreased by 16.03%, 10.90% and 12.22%, respectively. Furthermore, the exergy efficiency was found not to be sensitive to slightly insufficient charge, whereas overcharge was observed to be even beneficial to exergy efficiency under the condition of ensuring the maximum COP. In addition, insufficient refrigerant charging seriously affected the irreversible losses in the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers, whereas slight overcharge had little effect on the component exergy efficiency. Finally, the need to improve the CO2 compressor efficiency to enhance the system performance was revealed.

Design and performance analysis of a thermoelectric air-conditioning system driven by solar photovoltaic panels

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440622097616
Author(s):  
Moustafa M Aboelmaaref ◽  
Mohamed E Zayed ◽  
Ammar H Elsheikh ◽  
Ahmed A Askalany ◽  
Jun Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Input Current ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Thermal Loads ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Daily Average

Solar cooling technologies can play a vital role in renewable energy applications development. Thermoelectric systems have shown promising advantages over traditional refrigeration systems such as high thermal comfort, active adaptability, no moving parts, and refrigerants free. In this work, a novel thermoelectric air-conditioning system (TEACS) driven by photovoltaics (PV) is experimentally and theoretically investigated under the hot climate conditions of Sohag city (30°26′N, 42°31′E), Egypt for air conditioning of a typical small-size office room under different thermal loads. During day time, PV panels produce electricity which utilized to drive the TEACS directly and to charge batteries that store electricity to be exploited during nighttime. Moreover, a numerical model implemented in TRNSYS coupled with MATLAB software is developed to evaluate the performance of the proposed TEACS. The influences of varying the input electric current on the coefficient of performance (COP), cooling capacity, and average air room temperature are also studied. The results showed that a design point with an input current of 2.5 A for a cooling capacity of 30 W could be selected to maximize the cooling performance, in which the COP of the TEACS is found to be 2.2. Moreover, the daily average air temperature of the conditioned room was found to be 23.5, 25.5, 27.5, 28.5, and 30.5  °C for internal thermal loads of 0.0 W, 65.0 W,130.0 W, 195.0 W, and 260.0 W, respectively, at average air intake temperature of 36  °C, daily average input current of 4.28 A and air volume flow rate of 14.4 m3/h. It can be concluded that the TEACS powered by PV could be considered as a proper alternative to the traditional vapor compression systems.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of a Split Air Conditioning Using Condensate as Direct Evaporative Cooling

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-153
Author(s):  
Azridjal Aziz ◽  
Muhammad Rif’at Syahnan ◽  
Afdhal Kurniawan Mainil ◽  
Rahmat Iman Mainil
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Evaporative Cooling ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Direct Evaporative Cooling ◽  
Compressor Power ◽  
Discharge Pressure ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

Split air conditioning systems produce reasonable amount of condensate which is usually not utilized and thrown away to the environment. On the other hand, it consumes a lot of energy during operation. The aim of this study is to investigate the improvement of air conditioning systems performance utilizing condensate. A direct evaporative cooling using condensate is incorporated on a 0.74 ton-cooling capacity of split air conditioning to decrease the air temperature before entering the condenser. Performances of the split air conditioning with and without direct evaporative cooling are compared and presented in this paper. The results show that the use of direct evaporative cooling using condensate into the air before passing through the condenser reduces the compressor discharge pressure. The decrease of the condenser pressure led to 4.7% and 7% reduction of power consumption for air conditioner without cooling load and air conditioner with 2000 W cooling load, respectively. The cooling effect and coefficient of performance (COP) increase with the decrease of compressor power. The use of direct evaporative cooling with condensate into the air before entering the condensing system can enhance the system performance and protect the environment.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF AIR FLOW OBSTRUCTION IN A CONDENSING UNIT ON SPLIT AIR CONDITIONER PERFORMANCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andriyanto Setyawan
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Input Power ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Heat Rejection ◽  
Other Hand

Obstructions of air flow in the outdoor unit could block the condenser air flow and reduce its heat rejection As a result, it could decrease the performance of a room air conditioning system. The paper presents the effects of the air flow obstruction of a condensing unit on the performance of a split-type air conditioner with refrigerant R410A. The study was conducted experimentally by employing front and side obstructions with varied distance from the condensing unit. The front obstruction of 100 cm height was applied at varied distance from 10 cm to 100 cm, while the side obstruction of the same height was applied at distance of 5, 10, and 15 cm. The presence of air flow obstructions results in the decrease of cooling capacity and coefficient of performance (COP). On the other hand, it increases the input power of the AC unit. From the experiment, it is obvious that the distance of front obstruction of 10 cm results in the reduction of cooling capacity by 46% and COP by 56%. It is also revealed that the distance of the front obstruction of 50 cm or more has no significant effect for the performance of the air conditioning unit. In addition, the side obstructions have the less significant effect than that of the front obstruction.

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