THE PERFORMANCE OF CONDENSER UNDER DIFFERENT VEHICLE SPEEDS

Due to the concern in energy shortage and environmental protection, electric vehicle is considered to be a substitute for the conventional gasoline-powered vehicles due to its characteristics of high efficiency and no emission. However, the load of air conditioning causes a serious problem for electric vehicles, especially in tropical and subtropical areas. The compressor of conventional air conditioning system is driven by engine and its speed is thus coupled to vehicle speed. In electric vehicles, the compressor is driven by electric motors and compressor speed could be decoupled to vehicle speed. This mechanism provides an opportunity to improve the energy efficiency of electric vehicle since the operation of air conditioning system may be independent of vehicle speed. The purpose of this paper is to find out the electric fan operation model as vehicle speed is varied. This paper was to establish a theoretical model for the condenser of automotive air conditioner and to conduct simulation to evaluate the effect of vehicle speed on the cooling capacity and sub-cooling of condenser. Results of simulation demonstrated that vehicle with 6 km h-1 speed has the 5°C of sub-cooling at 0.0266 kg s-1 of refrigerant flow rate and the cooling capacity was 4.93 kW. In this study, an increase of 16.6% in cooling capacity can be reached as the speed of vehicle was raised from 6 to 110 km h-1 and can promote the sub-cooling to 19.5°C. It was also found that the cooling capacity of air conditioner is extremely sensitive to vehicle speed while the vehicle is running at low speed. Furthermore, increases in the vehicle speed resulted in reduction of the length of superheat region from 17.5 to 8.5 cm. Finally, a correlation among these variables and the simulated cooling capacity was obtained in this study, enabling the relevant researchers to evaluate automotive air conditioner performance under different vehicle speeds more easily.

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Impact of the Air-Conditioning System on the Power Consumption of an Electric Vehicle Powered by Lithium-Ion Battery

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering ◽

10.1155/2013/935784 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Brahim Mebarki ◽

Belkacem Draoui ◽

Boumediène Allaou ◽

Lakhdar Rahmani ◽

Elhadj Benachour

Keyword(s):

Lithium Ion Battery ◽

Electric Vehicle ◽

Electric Vehicles ◽

Air Conditioning ◽

Storage Capacity ◽

Lithium Ion ◽

Noise Pollution ◽

Air Conditioning System ◽

Energy Storage Capacity ◽

Basic Goal

The car occupies the daily universe of our society; however, noise pollution, global warming gas emissions, and increased fuel consumption are constantly increasing. The electric vehicle is one of the recommended solutions by the raison of its zero emission. Heating and air-conditioning (HVAC) system is a part of the power system of the vehicle when the purpose is to provide complete thermal comfort for its occupants, however it requires far more energy than any other car accessory. Electric vehicles have a low-energy storage capacity, and HVAC may consume a substantial amount of the total energy stored, considerably reducing the vehicle range, which is one of the most important parameters for EV acceptability. The basic goal of this paper is to simulate the air-conditioning system impact on the power energy source of an electric vehicle powered by a lithium-ion battery.

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Design and Analysis of a Thermoelectric Air-conditioning System

Journal of Scientific Research and Reports ◽

10.9734/jsrr/2020/v26i430243 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

A. Anthony Adeyanju ◽

K. Manohar

Keyword(s):

Air Conditioning ◽

Thermoelectric Module ◽

Cooling Capacity ◽

Peltier Effect ◽

Refrigeration Cycle ◽

Air Conditioner ◽

Air Conditioning System ◽

Thermoelectric Air Conditioner ◽

Air Conditioning Systems ◽

Dc Current

Thermoelectric devices use the Peltier effect which creates a heat flux between the junctions of two different types of materials. The thermoelectric module also referred to as a heat pump transfers heat from one side to the other when a DC current is applied. This study carried out the theoretical and experimental analysis of a thermoelectric air conditioning system. A prototype thermoelectric air conditioner of 286 W cooling capacity was built and a testing enclosure made from plywood and Styrofoam was also constructed in order to validate the theoretical result with an experimentation. It was discovered that thermoelectric air conditioning took 4 minutes to reach its desired temperature of 22℃ whereas the standard air conditioning system (Refrigeration Cycle) took 20 minutes to cool to a room temperature. Economically it was also discovered that thermoelectric air conditioning system is 50% cheaper than the refrigeration cycle air conditioning systems. The thermoelectric air conditioner has cheaper maintenance and greater estimated life span of 7 years more than the refrigeration air conditioner. This is because the air conditioner that operates on the refrigeration cycle uses a rotating compressor while the thermoelectric air conditioner uses thermometric module.

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ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ КОНДИЦІЮВАННЯ ЗОВНІШНЬОГО ПОВІТРЯ СИСТЕМИ КОМБІНОВАНОГО ТИПУ

Aerospace technic and technology ◽

10.32620/aktt.2019.4.02 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 9-14

Author(s):

Євген Іванович Трушляков ◽

Андрій Миколайович Радченко ◽

Микола Іванович Радченко ◽

Сергій Анатолійович Кантор ◽

Веніамін Сергійович Ткаченко

Keyword(s):

Heat Load ◽

Air Conditioning ◽

Rational Design ◽

Cooling Capacity ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Energetic Efficiency ◽

Cooling Load ◽

Air Conditioner ◽

Outdoor Air ◽

Air Conditioning System

One of the most attractive reserves of enhancing the energetic efficiency of air conditioning systems is to provide the operation of refrigeration compressors in nominal or close to nominal modes by choosing rational design cooling loads (cooling capacities) and their distribution according to a cooling load behaviour within the overall design (installed) cooling load band to match current changeable climatic conditions and provide close to maximum annual cooling capacity generation according to cooling duties. The direction of increasing the efficiency of outdoor air conditioning in combined central-local type systems by rationally distributing the heat load - cooling capacity of the central air conditioner into zones of variable heat load in accordance with current climatic conditions and its relatively stable value, i.e. cooling capacity required for further air cooling at the entrance to the indoor recirculation air conditioning system is justified. By comparing the values of the excessive production of cold and its deficit within every 3 days for a rational design heat load of the air conditioning system (cooling capacity of the installed refrigeration machine), which provides close to maximum annual production of cold, and the corresponding values of the excess and deficit of cooling capacity in accordance with current climatic conditions during July substantiated the feasibility of accumulating the excess of cooling capacity of a central air conditioner at low current loads and its use for covering cooling deficit at elevated heat loads through pre-cooling the outdoor air. It is developed a scheme of a combined central-local air conditioning system, which includes the subsystems for the outdoor air conditioning in a central air conditioner and the local indoor recirculated air conditioning.

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Energy Saving in Split Air Conditioner using Evaporative Cooling Pad at the ODU

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.a4765.119119 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 1858-1862

Keyword(s):

Power Consumption ◽

Performance Improvement ◽

Air Conditioning ◽

Evaporative Cooling ◽

Cooling Capacity ◽

Air Conditioner ◽

Optimum Thickness ◽

Outdoor Air ◽

Air Conditioning System ◽

Overall Performance

The objective of the study is to investigate the performance improvement in a split air conditioning system using evaporative cooling pads at ODU (outdoor unit) and to determine optimum thickness and material of the cooling pad. For this purpose experiments were conducted on 0.8 TR capacity split air conditioner charged with refrigerant R-22. For comparison experiments were performed with and without evaporative cooling pad. The effect of the different cooling pad material and thickness on the overall performance of split air conditioner is experimentally found by measuring cooling capacity and the power consumption of the system including water circulation pump. From the experimental work it is found that the cellulose cooling pad gives the best results among the selected materials. Split air conditioner coupled with cellulose cooling pad of 100 mm thickness at ODU results in to 13.8% increase in overall COP, 9.5 % reduction in power consumption and 5.1 % increase in cooling capacity at 35°C DBT and 32% relative humidity outdoor air condition.

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S081015 A study of the high efficiency air-conditioning system for electric vehicles

The Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress Japan ◽

10.1299/jsmemecj.2012._s081015-1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 (0) ◽

pp. _S081015-1-_S081015-2

Author(s):

Takuya NOAMI ◽

Nobuyuki ITOSHIMA ◽

Tsuguhiko NAKAGAWA

Keyword(s):

Electric Vehicles ◽

Air Conditioning ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Air Conditioning System

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Aspects of Modeling and Optimizing Air Circulation Currents in a Car Cabin

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.659.163 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 659 ◽

pp. 163-170

Author(s):

Vasile Caunii ◽

Adrian Sachelarie

Keyword(s):

Thermal Comfort ◽

Electric Vehicle ◽

Electric Vehicles ◽

Fuel Economy ◽

Air Conditioning ◽

Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽

Air Conditioning System ◽

Main Components ◽

High Level ◽

Air Circulation

Air conditioning system is one of the main components of modern cars, which defines the level of comfort, its performances directly affecting the car performances. In order to have a car with high level of thermal comfort, the air-conditioning system must be efficient in terms of energy, it has to perform many functions regarding the microclimate control (control of temperature, humidity, filtration), and in addition must fulfill safety and security functions in circulation (demisting and defrosting). Also vehicle air-conditioning system can significantly influence fuel economy and tailpipe emissions of conventional and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) and reduce electric vehicle (EV) range.

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EFFECT OF AIR FLOW OBSTRUCTION IN A CONDENSING UNIT ON SPLIT AIR CONDITIONER PERFORMANCE

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v82.14185 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 82 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Andriyanto Setyawan

Keyword(s):

Air Conditioning ◽

Air Flow ◽

Cooling Capacity ◽

Input Power ◽

The Other ◽

Coefficient Of Performance ◽

Air Conditioner ◽

Air Conditioning System ◽

Heat Rejection ◽

Other Hand

Obstructions of air flow in the outdoor unit could block the condenser air flow and reduce its heat rejection As a result, it could decrease the performance of a room air conditioning system. The paper presents the effects of the air flow obstruction of a condensing unit on the performance of a split-type air conditioner with refrigerant R410A. The study was conducted experimentally by employing front and side obstructions with varied distance from the condensing unit. The front obstruction of 100 cm height was applied at varied distance from 10 cm to 100 cm, while the side obstruction of the same height was applied at distance of 5, 10, and 15 cm. The presence of air flow obstructions results in the decrease of cooling capacity and coefficient of performance (COP). On the other hand, it increases the input power of the AC unit. From the experiment, it is obvious that the distance of front obstruction of 10 cm results in the reduction of cooling capacity by 46% and COP by 56%. It is also revealed that the distance of the front obstruction of 50 cm or more has no significant effect for the performance of the air conditioning unit. In addition, the side obstructions have the less significant effect than that of the front obstruction.

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Operation strategy and performance investigation of a high-efficiency multifunctional two-stage vapor compression heat pump air conditioning system for electric vehicles in severe cold regions

Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments ◽

10.1016/j.seta.2021.101617 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 48 ◽

pp. 101617

Author(s):

Qian Ning ◽

Guogeng He ◽

Guohui Xiong ◽

Wei Sun ◽

Hai Song

Keyword(s):

Heat Pump ◽

Electric Vehicles ◽

Air Conditioning ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Vapor Compression ◽

Operation Strategy ◽

Two Stage ◽

Cold Regions ◽

Air Conditioning System ◽

And Performance

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Recent Advances on the Electric Vehicle Heat Pump Air Conditioning Systems

Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering ◽

10.2174/2212797614666210125142854 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

Author(s):

Bin Peng ◽

Yubo Zhang ◽

Pengcheng Zhang ◽

Hanif Ullah

Keyword(s):

Electric Vehicle ◽

Heat Pump ◽

Electric Vehicles ◽

Air Conditioning ◽

New Technology ◽

Research Work ◽

High Energy ◽

Air Conditioning System ◽

Electrical Vehicle ◽

Recent Developments

Background: Heat pump air conditioning technology has broad application prospects and high market value in the field of electric automobiles owing to its increasing performance and energy saving. Pure electric vehicles require high-energy consumption at low temperatures, which seriously affects the popularity of electric vehicles with a heat pump air conditioning system. Objective: The aim of this research is to describe the recent developments in the study of the heat pump air conditioning system for electric vehicles. Methods: This paper summarizes the research work of scholars published worldwide based on the electric vehicle heat pump air conditioning system, premised on lately published patents and journal articles. Starting from the components of the air conditioning system, focus on the research results and development trends that have been achieved in this field. Results: The new technology path and pattern of the electrical vehicle heat pump air conditioning system provide methods and suggestions for future growth, put forward by the current development situation. Conclusion: The latest progress of the electric vehicle heat pump air conditioning system has been summarized and prospected. There are still some problems and technical bottlenecks in heat pump air conditioning system. It is of great significance to improve the environmental adaptability of electric vehicles and optimize the reasonable heat pump air conditioning system for the endurance of electric vehicles.

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Implementation of Air-conditioning Control Technology Based on Wireless Sensor

International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE) ◽

10.3991/ijoe.v13i07.7287 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (07) ◽

pp. 91

Author(s):

Yecong He ◽

Min Tan

Keyword(s):

Monitoring System ◽

Air Conditioning ◽

Cooling Capacity ◽

Wireless Sensor ◽

Processing Unit ◽

Air Conditioner ◽

Font Size ◽

Air Conditioning System ◽

Central Processing ◽

Central Air Conditioning

Using wireless sensor networks to collect indoor temperature and humidity data, a monitoring system is built.According to the data of the central processing unit, the state of the current room is analyzed, and the cooling capacity (heat) and air volume of the central air conditioner are calculated. Meanwhile, this system calculates the relevant fees based on the amount of cold (heat) consumed by each user, and provides a more accurate data base for the central air conditioning system for energy efficiency optimization. Theresults show that this system can accurately reflect the environmental status of the target room.Therefore, it is concluded that the indoor environment monitoring system based on wireless sensor network and embedded technology proposed in this paper is effective and feasible.

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