The Influence of Compaction Effort in Laterite Soil with the Appearance of Sodium Bentonite as a Soil Liner

2017 ◽  
Vol 873 ◽  
pp. 198-202
Author(s):  
Nor Azizah Che Azmi ◽  
Mazidah Mukri ◽  
Nur Aisyah Kasim ◽  
Asmawati Che Hasan ◽  
Nazri Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Environment And Public Health ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Laterite Soil ◽  
Sodium Bentonite ◽  
Liner System ◽  
Soil Liners ◽  
Soil Liner ◽  
Positive Results

Soil liner which is placed at the foundation of a landfill is very important in order to isolate waste materials and leachate from the environment. However, if not properly managed, the leachate can beriskytothe safety and serviceability of which are directly related to the environment and public health issues. Soil liners were proposed to minimize leachate egress and prevent ground pollution. In soil liner design, it is important to compact the layer properly in order to achieve low hydraulic conductivity and high strength of soil. In this study, different percentages of sodium bentonite were added to laterite soil to act as soil liner to stabilize the liner system. Sodium bentonite can easily absorb water more than a hundred percent of its weight. Thus, the sodium bentonites were chosen to be mixed with laterite soil. The differentpercentagesof sodium bentonite used are 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. This research was carried out asan attempt to see the compaction effort for laterite soil mixedwith sodium bentonite. The outcomesof this study give positive results due to the potential of sodium bentonite to fulfill spaces in between soil particles. It is also found that sodium bentonite influences the resistance properties, hydraulic conductivity and the strength of soil.

A method to assess risk reduction when utilizing geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) with compacted soil liners

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. T. Menzies ◽  
G. A. Fenton ◽  
C. B. Lake ◽  
D. V. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Analytical Solution ◽  
Compacted Clay ◽  
Geosynthetic Clay Liners ◽  
Probability Of Exceedance ◽  
Compacted Soil ◽  
Liner System ◽  
Soil Liners ◽  
Soil Liner ◽  
Random Field Simulation

This paper presents an analytical solution developed to estimate probabilities of “failure” or advective flux “exceedance” for the case of a spatially variable geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) situated over a spatially variable compacted soil liner (CSL). The risk of utilizing such a liner system is assessed relative to a regulatory compacted clay-based soil liner. The analytical solution developed is validated over a range of parameters against random field simulation using the Local Average Subdivision method, and the analytical solution is shown to be in good agreement with simulation. The analytical solution is then used to examine the “probability of exceedance” for a spatially variable GCL and CSL combined liner system. It is shown that the use of a GCL can potentially result in a low probability of exceedance when used with a spatially varying, high hydraulic conductivity CSL. The risk of exceedance generally decreases as the hydraulic conductivity of the CSL decreases. An example problem is presented to demonstrate the capabilities of the analytical solution.

scholarly journals Computer Modeling Approach of Leachate Flow in Compacted Laterite Soil Liner

2018 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Yamusa Bello Yamusa ◽  
Noraliani Alias ◽  
Kamarudin Ahmad ◽  
Radzuan Sa’ari ◽  
Loke Kok Foong
Keyword(s):  
Computer Software ◽  
Laterite Soil ◽  
Waste Containment ◽  
Compacted Soil ◽  
Saturation Intensity ◽  
Sanitary Landfills ◽  
Soil Liners ◽  
Image Technique ◽  
Soil Liner ◽  
Non Destructive

The use of hydraulic barriers in sanitary landfills has become an impeccable means of protecting the groundwater system from leachate. A question to be asked is, can these barriers continue to impede the migration of leachate over a long period? This paper investigates the phenomenon of leachate migration in compacted laterite soil used as liner in sanitary landfills. An experiment was carried out using laterite soil compacted at optimum moisture content using Standard Proctor energy. Leachate was poured on the compacted soil in an acrylic column and its migration was monitored using Digital Image Technique (DIT). The DIT capture photographic images at successive intervals of time which were fed through an image processing code to convert them to hue-saturation-intensity (HSI) format with the help of Surfer and Matlab computer softwares. Subsequently, PetraSim computer software was applied to predict the velocity behavior. The predicted velocity value shows that the laterite soil is compatible with the leachate and can be used as soil liner. The outcome of this study would enable designers to use non-destructive method to monitor and predict leachate migration in compacted soil liners to simulates leachate migration in waste containment applications.

Study on the Hydraulic Conductivity of Sand-Bentonite mixtures used as Liner System of Waste Landfill

2011 ◽  
Vol 194-196 ◽  
pp. 909-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Fa Xu ◽  
Zhe Wang ◽  
Yong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Low Permeability ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Natural Clay ◽  
Compacted Soil ◽  
Waste Landfill ◽  
Liner System ◽  
Flexible Wall ◽  
Soil Liner

A liner system such as liner sheet underlying impermeable soil layer having hydraulic conductivity less than 1*10-7 cm/s and a thickness larger than 100 cm is often used in china. As there is very little natural clay having such low permeability, bentonite is usually mixed into sand to decrease the permeability. In this paper, the compaction tests and permeability testing using flexible-wall permeameter are conducted. The test results show that the value of critical benonite ratio depends on bentonite ratio, and the hydraulic conductivity of the sand mixed with critical bentonite ratio for distilled water shows of the order of 1*10-8 cm/s that satisfies the china standard requested as compacted soil liner of waste landfill. Finally, the permeability testing used leachate including calcium component was conducted.

scholarly journals Spirituality and Conflict in Healthcare: The History of the Canadian Baptists and Medical Mission in Orissa, 1900–1970

Histories ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
Tiasa Basu Roy
Keyword(s):  
Religious Identity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Word Of God ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Medical Mission ◽  
The People ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ganjam District ◽  
Positive Results

It was from the middle of the eighteenth century that discussions regarding the strategies taken up by the Protestant missionaries to propagate the Gospel generated the issue of healthcare and medical facilities among people in India. Medical mission, which hitherto was not considered, started to gain importance and reaped positive results in terms of curing individuals and its trustworthiness among tribes residing in the frontier regions. However, this developed a separatist religious identity among the population, which apparently did not appear lethal, but later culminated in the fragmentation and impeachment of solidarity among the adivais (tribal) and vengeance from the Hindu population. This article will show how the Canadian Baptist Mission, with its primary aim of spreading the Kingdom of God among the tribal Savaras in the Ganjam district of Orissa, undertook measures for serving health issues and provided medical facilities to both the caste Oriyas and the tribal Savaras. Although medical activities oriented towards philanthropy and physical well-being, medical mission was not limited to healing illness and caring for all, but also extended to spreading the word of God and influencing the people to embrace Christianity as well, which invited political troubles into the region.

A Comparison of Coping Strategies of African American and Caucasian Widows

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakinah N. Salahu-Din
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Task Support ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Children Health ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Selection Of

This study, based on in-depth qualitative interviews with three Caucasian widows and four African-American widows, describes and compares the women's selection of coping strategies to deal with problems occurring after the death of their husbands. Results of this investigation suggest more similarities than differences in coping strategies adopted to deal with loneliness, difficulties with children, health issues, loss of task support, and the use of social support networks as a coping mechanism. Although the husbands' death was devastating, personal growth experiences were positive results of the loss. This study also suggests implications for professionals working with both Black and white widows.

scholarly journals Effect on physical properties of laterite soil with difference percentage of sodium bentonite

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Aisyah Kasim ◽  
Nor Azizah Che Azmi ◽  
Mazidah Mukri ◽  
Siti Nur Aishah Mohd Noor
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Laterite Soil ◽  
Sodium Bentonite
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