Structural and Thermochemical Analysis of Nano-Boric Acid

2015 ◽  
Vol 1086 ◽  
pp. 128-131
Author(s):  
Sam Linu ◽  
K. Suba ◽  
Radhakrishnan Amrutha
Keyword(s):  
Boric Acid ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Argonne National Laboratory ◽  
Percent Reduction ◽  
Natural Structure ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Chemistry ◽  
The Us ◽  
Motor Oils

Scientists at the US Department of Energys Argonne National Laboratory have begun to combine nanoparticles of boric acidknown primarily as a mild antiseptic and eye cleanserwith traditional motor oils in order to improve their lubricity and by doing so increase energy efficiency. In laboratory tests, these new boric acid suspensions have reduced by as much as two-thirds the energy lost through friction as heat. This could result in a four or five percent reduction in fuel consumption. Reducing the size of the particles solved a number of old problems and opened up a number of new possibilities. Boric acid owes its lubricious properties to its unique natural structure. The compound consists of a stack of crystallized layers in which the atoms tightly adhere to each other. However, these layers stack themselves relatively far apart, so that the intermolecular bonds (van der Waals forces) are comparatively weak. When stressed, the compounds layers smear and slide over one another easily, like a strewn deck of playing cards. The strong bonding within each layer prevents direct contact between sliding parts, lowering friction and minimizing wear. In our presentation it is proposed to carry out computational studies on boric acid. Their structural parameters, thermal chemistry, SCF energy and electronic structure would be presented.

Comparison of Environmental Fatigue Evaluation Methods in LWR Water

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Higuchi
Keyword(s):  
Research Council ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Argonne National Laboratory ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Final Report ◽  
The Us ◽  
Fatigue Data ◽  
Fatigue Evaluation

Many studies on the environmental fatigue of structural materials in LWR (Light Water Reactor) water have been carried out over the past 30 years. Early environmental fatigue tests were mainly carried out in Japan in the 1980s, and these results were reported to the ASME in 1988. After that, O. Chopra and W. Shack of ANL (Argonne National Laboratory) also carried out similar fatigue tests and reported that their data corresponded well to Japanese data. In the US, the PVRC (Pressure Vessel Research Council) started the CLEE Committee (Cyclic Life and Environmental Effect, Chair: Sumio Yukawa) for developing the environmental fatigue evaluation method in LWR water under the request from the ASME in 1991. This committee continued for 13 years and closed in 2004 after publishing the final report as WRC (Welding Research Council) Bulletin 487. After 1990 in Japan, the EFD Project (1993–1995) and the EFT Project (1994–2006) were carried out under the collaboration of electric utilities, plant vendors and government. A large number of environmental fatigue data have been generated in these projects, and these were offered to the US through the CLEE Committee. Based on Japanese and US fatigue data, environmental fatigue evaluation methods have been established in both countries that assess the effects of some parameters on fatigue life reduction in LWR water environments. This paper introduces the history of studies on the environmental fatigue in LWR water and the contributions of Sumio Yukawa to these activities. After that, the comparison of three major methods of environmental fatigue evaluation such as PVRC, JSME and MJREG/CR-6909 are reported.

Codes, Standards, Rules and Assumptions on Environment Assisted Fatigue for Fatigue Management of Primary Piping

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jussi Solin ◽  
Tommi Seppänen ◽  
Rami Vanninen ◽  
Erkki Pulkkinen ◽  
Petri Lemettinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Laboratory ◽  
Argonne National Laboratory ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Primary Circuit ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Regulatory Requirement ◽  
Cyclic Operation ◽  
The Us ◽  
Code Language

Abstract All international codes used for design, operation and inspection of NPP primary circuit pressure boundaries are rooted to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section III, Nuclear Vessels, 1963. Article 4, N-415 “Analysis for cyclic operation” instructed calculation of stress intensities for fatigue transients and provided two design curves for basic material types. Different codes such as ASME, RCC-M, KTA, PNAE and JSME have much in common, but partial deviations exist. In 2007 the US NRC Regulatory Guide 1.207 endorsed a methodology for accounting the environmental effects. It was mainly based on extensive work in Japan and the Argonne National Laboratory. The final report of ANL, NUREG/CR-6909 became a major reference and subject of criticism. However, the first approach for environment assisted fatigue (EAF) written in ‘code language’ was published in Japan and a regulatory requirement for consideration of EAF both for operating reactors and new designs appeared first in Finland. This paper discusses challenges in management of fatigue and the evolving state-of-the-art in different codes, standards, rules and assumptions. The roots and current status of fatigue curves and design criteria applied in Finnish NPP’s are explained.

Electron and ion irradiation-induced dissolution of mechanical twins in the intermetalic U3Si: An in situ HVEM study

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 652-653
Author(s):  
Charles W. Allen ◽  
Robert C. Birtcher
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Ion Irradiation ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Argonne National Laboratory ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mechanical Twinning ◽  
In Situ Experiments

The uranium silicides, including U3Si, are under study as candidate low enrichment nuclear fuels. Ion beam simulations of the in-reactor behavior of such materials are performed because a similar damage structure can be produced in hours by energetic heavy ions which requires years in actual reactor tests. This contribution treats one aspect of the microstructural behavior of U3Si under high energy electron irradiation and low dose energetic heavy ion irradiation and is based on in situ experiments, performed at the HVEM-Tandem User Facility at Argonne National Laboratory. This Facility interfaces a 2 MV Tandem ion accelerator and a 0.6 MV ion implanter to a 1.2 MeV AEI high voltage electron microscope, which allows a wide variety of in situ ion beam experiments to be performed with simultaneous irradiation and electron microscopy or diffraction.At elevated temperatures, U3Si exhibits the ordered AuCu3 structure. On cooling below 1058 K, the intermetallic transforms, evidently martensitically, to a body-centered tetragonal structure (alternatively, the structure may be described as face-centered tetragonal, which would be fcc except for a 1 pet tetragonal distortion). Mechanical twinning accompanies the transformation; however, diferences between electron diffraction patterns from twinned and non-twinned martensite plates could not be distinguished.

Environmental cell studies of deformation and fracture

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 516-517
Author(s):  
H. K. Birnbaum ◽  
I. M. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
National Laboratory ◽  
Argonne National Laboratory ◽  
Damage Threshold ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Deformation And Fracture ◽  
Environmental Cell ◽  
Gas Molecules ◽  
The University

Studies of the effects of hydrogen environments on the deformation and fracture of fcc, bcc and hep metals and alloys have been carried out in a TEM environmental cell. The initial experiments were performed in the environmental cell of the HVEM facility at Argonne National Laboratory. More recently, a dedicated environmental cell facility has been constructed at the University of Illinois using a JEOL 4000EX and has been used for these studies. In the present paper we will describe the general design features of the JEOL environmental cell and some of the observations we have made on hydrogen effects on deformation and fracture.The JEOL environmental cell is designed to operate at 400 keV and below; in part because of the available accelerating voltage of the microscope and in part because the damage threshold of most materials is below 400 keV. The gas pressure at which chromatic aberration due to electron scattering from the gas molecules becomes excessive does not increase rapidly with with accelerating voltage making 400 keV a good choice from that point of view as well. A series of apertures were placed above and below the cell to control the pressures in various parts of the column.

scholarly journals Review of Practice for Deeply Embedded/Buried NPP Structures Subject to Seismic Loadings

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Xu ◽  
C. Miller ◽  
C. Hofmayer ◽  
H. Graves
Keyword(s):  
National Laboratory ◽  
Earth Pressure ◽  
Nuclear Regulatory Commission ◽  
Brookhaven National Laboratory ◽  
Nuclear Containment ◽  
The Us ◽  
Reactor Building ◽  
Seismic Loadings ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Regulatory Commission

Motivated by many design considerations, several conceptual designs for advanced reactors have proposed that the entire reactor building and a significant portion of the steam generator building will be either partially or completely embedded below grade. For the analysis of seismic events, the soil-structure interaction (SSI) effect and passive earth pressure for these types of deeply embedded structures will have a significant influence on the predicted seismic response. Sponsored by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) is carrying out a research program to assess the significance of these proposed design features for advanced reactors, and to evaluate the existing analytical methods to determine their applicability and adequacy in capturing the seismic behavior of the proposed designs. This paper summarizes a literature review performed by BNL to determine the state of knowledge and practice for seismic analyses of deeply embedded and/or buried (DEB) nuclear containment type structures. Included in the paper is BNL’s review of the open literature of existing standards, tests, and practices that have been used in the design and analysis of DEB structures. The paper also provides BNL’s evaluation of available codes and guidelines with respect to seismic design practice of DEB structures. Based on BNL’s review, a discussion is provided to highlight the applicability of the existing technologies for seismic analyses of DEB structures and to identify gaps that may exist in knowledge and potential issues that may require better understanding and further research.

scholarly journals NEW STRUCTURES IN 178HF AND COULOMB EXCITATION OF ISOMERS

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (02) ◽  
pp. 474-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. HAYES ◽  
D. CLINE ◽  
C. Y. WU ◽  
A.M. HURST ◽  
M.P. CARPENTER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Coulomb Excitation ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Argonne National Laboratory ◽  
Particle Detector ◽  
Ground State Band ◽  
Rotational Bands ◽  
Coincidence Data ◽  
State Band

A 985 MeV 178 Hf beam was Coulomb excited by a 208 Pb target at the ATLAS accelerator of Argonne National Laboratory. Gammasphere and the CHICO particle detector recorded particle-γ coincidence data. The aim was to populate and determine the mechanism of previously observed Coulomb excitation of the Kπ = 6+ (t1/2 = 77 ns ), 8- (4 s ) and 16+ (31 y ) isomer bands. New rotational bands were identified including an aligned band which appears to mix with the ground-state band (GSB) and the γ-vibrational band above ~ 12 ħ of angular momentum. Newly observed γ-decay transitions into the three isomer bands may elucidate the K-mixing which allows Coulomb excitation of these isomer bands, but direct decays from the GSB into the 16+ isomer band have not yet been confirmed.

scholarly journals Dissolution Testing of a Metallic Waste Form in Chloride Brine

2006 ◽  
Vol 985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawn E. Janney
Keyword(s):  
National Laboratory ◽  
Bulk Composition ◽  
Argonne National Laboratory ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
Localized Corrosion ◽  
Waste Form ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Sample Edge ◽  
Static Immersion

AbstractArgonne National Laboratory has developed an electrometallurgical process for conditioning spent sodium-bonded metallic reactor fuel from the Experimental Breeder Reactor II (EBR-II). One waste stream from this process consists of a metal waste form (MWF) whose baseline composition is stainless steel alloyed with 15 wt% Zr (SS-15Zr) and whose microstructure is a eutectic intergrowth of iron solid solutions and Fe-Zr-Cr-Ni intermetallics. This paper reports scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations of corrosion products formed during static immersion tests in which coupons of surrogate MWF containing 10 wt% U (SS-15Zr-10U) were immersed in solutions with nominal pH values of 3 and 4 and 1000 ppm added chloride for 70 days at 50 °C. Although the majority of the surface areas of the coupons appear unchanged, linear areas with localized corrosion products apparently consisting of porous materials overlying corrosion-product-filled channels formed on both coupons, cross-cutting phase boundaries in the original eutectic microstructures. Many of the linear areas intersected the sample edge at notches present before the tests or followed linear flaws visible in pre-test images. Compositions of corrosion products differed significantly from the bulk composition, and the maximum observed concentration of U exceeded that reported in actinide-bearing phases in uncorroded surrogate MWF samples with comparable concentrations of U.

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