Air Environmental Impact Research of Urban Traffic Development – A Case Study

With the speed-up of urbanization, the number of motor vehicles has increased rapidly, which is the main urban air pollutant source because of too much emitted exhaust gas. Based on the motor vehicle exhaust emissions in Shandong Province in 2006, using trend extrapolation and scenario analysis, predict the motor vehicle exhaust emissions for future planning. The results show that the motor vehicles in 2015and 2020 are 27.52 million and 34.53 million, which is 1.9times and 2.38 times of the motor vehicles in 2006, respectively. For the specific air pollutants from motor vehicles exhaust in 2020, SO2, NOx, PM2.5 and PM10 will reach 28.4 thousand tons, 356.7 thousand tons, 10.8 thousand tons and 12.2 thousand tons, which will be 3 times, 1.2 times, 5 times and 5 times of the emissions in 2006. The urban air pollutions caused by motor vehicles exhaust will be very serious.

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KEMAMPUAN Ca(OHh MENURUNKAN KADARS02 PADA EMISI GAS BUANG MOTOR DIESEL

GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN ◽

10.36568/kesling.v12i1.53 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Merlita Novia Veronica ◽

S B Ekowarno ◽

Rachmaniyah .

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Acid Rain ◽

Diesel Engines ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Exhaust Emissions ◽

Motor Vehicles ◽

Major Constituent ◽

Vehicle Exhaust ◽

Lime Water ◽

The Many

Sulfur dioxide is a major constituent of exhaust gas generated by diesel engines. The mainimpact of SOx (S02 and S03) contaminant is the generation of very sharp odor, the eventualoccurrence of corrosive acid rain, where as to humans such contaminants may cause irritation to eyes,skin and repiratory systems, and may prove to b~ fatal.The final produeNtf chemical reaction, H2S04 may cause corrosiveness, acid rain, and irritationto the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract, and may even be fatal, therefore it is deemed necessary toinitiate control of exhaust emissions from diesel engines. One of the many methods is the use of asaturated solution of lime water (CaOH2)as absorbent to reduce the said emissions.The purpose of this study was to determine the capacity of a saturated aqueous solution of limeor Ca (OH) 2 in lowering the levels of S02 in the flue gas emission from diesel engines (mobilesources).This is a pre-experimental study using One Group Pre-PostTest Design, this study was carriedout by conducting measurements on 6 samples of diesel engine exhaust emissions where 2 (two)measurements were done before and 4 (four) samples after passing through saturated lime waterabsorbent (CaOH2). Duration of sampling ranged between 20 -25 minutes.The results indicated the average levels of SOx before passing through saturated lime water(CaOH2) was 117,355 mg/m3 and the mean level of S02 after passing through a saturated lime waterwas 79,90 mg/m3. There was a decline in the average levels of S02 at a value of 37,455 mgr/m3 orby 31,90%This study concluded, that the lime water (CaOH2)solution was able to reduce the level of S02in exhaust emissions of a diesel engines by 37,455 mgr/m3 or 31,90%.It is suggested to owners of diesel engine motor vehicles to always perform proper maintenanceof their vehicles, and citizens (especially those living on the outskirt of a highway), in order to helppreserving the environment, are expected to plant trees and various other plants that can absorbcontaminants or can be used as indicators of pollution by motor vehicle exhaust emissions. The studyalso recommended to study other kinds of pollutant gase

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On the spread of ultrafine particulate matter: A mathematical model for motor vehicle emissions and their effects as an asthma trigger

International Journal of Biomathematics ◽

10.1142/s179352452150087x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Michelle N. Rosado-Pérez ◽

Karen Ríos-Soto

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Ultrafine Particles ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Traveling Wave Solutions ◽

Reaction Diffusion ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Pollutant Emissions ◽

Motor Vehicles ◽

Diffusion Type

Asthma is a respiratory disease that affects the lungs, with a prevalence of 339.4 million people worldwide [G. Marks, N. Pearce, D. Strachan, I. Asher and P. Ellwood, The Global Asthma Report 2018, globalasthmareport.org (2018)]. Many factors contribute to the high prevalence of asthma, but with the rise of the industrial age, air pollutants have become one of the main Ultrafine particles (UFPs), which are a type of air pollutant that can affect asthmatics the most. These UFPs originate primarily from the combustion of motor vehicles [P. Solomon, Ultrafine particles in ambient air. EM: Air and Waste Management Association’s Magazine for Environmental Managers (2012)] and although in certain places some regulations to control their emission have been implemented they might not be enough. In this work, a mathematical model of reaction–diffusion type is constructed to study how UFPs grow and disperse in the environment and in turn how they affect an asthmatic population. Part of our focus is on the existence of traveling wave solutions and their minimum asymptotic speed of pollutant propagation [Formula: see text]. Through the analysis of the model it was possible to identify the necessary threshold conditions to control the pollutant emissions and consequently reduce the asthma episodes in the population. Analytical and numerical results from this work prove how harmful the UFEs are for the asthmatic population and how they can exacerbate their asthma episodes.

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Performance of Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Pavement in Reduction of Motor Vehicles’ Exhaust Gas

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.1177/0361198120947084 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2674 (11) ◽

pp. 512-519

Author(s):

Zhuoying Jiang ◽

Xiong (Bill) Yu

Keyword(s):

Absorption Spectrum ◽

Visible Light ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Computational Simulation ◽

Motor Vehicles ◽

Traffic Density ◽

Ultraviolet Region ◽

Exhaust Gas ◽

Vehicle Exhaust ◽

Three Dimensional Model

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a widely used photocatalyst that can oxidize motor vehicle exhaust, for example, carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrocarbons, and sulfur dioxide, under the irradiation of sunlight. It has been reported that nano-scale TiO2 particles can be effectively used to modify the concrete-asphalt pavement, and make it as a photocatalytic pavement. However, the pure TiO2 additive limits its absorption spectrum to the ultraviolet region, which only occupies a small portion of sunlight irradiance. To increase the utilization of the full spectrum of sunlight, it has been demonstrated that doping TiO2 with substances such as Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N), or metal can reduce the band-gap and extend the threshold of the absorption spectrum to the visible light region. Therefore, doped-TiO2 has a better photocatalytic performance under sunlight irradiation. This paper conducted computational simulation of the kinetics of photocatalytic pavement to quantify the efficiency of doped-TiO2 embedded pavement in reducing exhaust gas from motor vehicles. A three-dimensional model is developed on a section of local road with doped-TiO2 embedded pavement. The effects of doped-TiO2 concentration, daylight conditions, and traffic flow conditions on the removal of NOx and CO were studied. The results indicate that the pavement with doped-TiO2 coating is effective to remove CO and NOx under different traffic density and daylight intensity conditions. Compared with UV activated TiO2, visible-light-activated doped-TiO2 features significantly higher removal efficiency of poisonous exhaustive gas including NOx and CO.

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Investigation of the motor vehicle exhaust contribution to primary fine particle organic carbon in urban air

Atmospheric Environment ◽

10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.07.050 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 119-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

J.R. Brook ◽

L. Graham ◽

J.P. Charland ◽

Y. Cheng ◽

X. Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Fine Particle ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Urban Air ◽

Vehicle Exhaust

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How Well Can mPEMS Measure Gas Phase Motor Vehicle Exhaust Emissions?

10.4271/2020-01-0369 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Diep Vu ◽

Joseph Szente ◽

Michael Loos ◽

Matti Maricq

Keyword(s):

Gas Phase ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Exhaust Emissions ◽

Vehicle Exhaust

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Polusi Udara Kendaraan Bermotor Tidak Berpengaruh Terhadap Penyakit ISPA

JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN: Jurnal dan Aplikasi Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan ◽

10.31964/jkl.v16i1.157 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 697

Author(s):

Sri Neneng Sundari

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Community Health Centers ◽

Indoor Air Pollution ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Exhaust Emission ◽

Acute Respiratory Infections ◽

Vehicle Exhaust ◽

The Impact

Abstract: Motor Vehicle Pollution Doesn't Affect Against ISPA Disease. Air pollution is a problem that often occurs in the big cities, one of which is in the city of Bandung. Air pollution can cause various diseases from the most important ones namely respiratory, cardiovascular diseases, and to other diseases that attack certain organs. Based on the results of the study, air pollution from the transportation sector reached 60 percents, therefore this study will highlight the impact of motor vehicle air pollution on human’s health in Bandung, especially Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI), because the disease is the 2nd largest of the 20 biggest types of diseases in Community Health Centers / Puskesmas in Bandung. From several air pollutant parameters resulting from vehicle exhaust emissions, SO2 compounds were studied, because SO2 can cause irritation to the respiratory tract. This research using descriptive method, it can be concluded that air pollution caused by vehicle exhaust emission gas doesn’t directly affect the occurrence of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) in Bandung. The disease can occur due to other factors not examined in this paper, due to indoor air pollution, cigarette smoke pollution, industrial pollution or the continued use of synthetic chemicals.

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