Microbially Supported Recovery of Precious Metals and Rare Earth Elements from Urban Household Waste Incineration Slag

The use of precious metals and Rare Earth Elements in electronic, medical, and automobile industries is drastically increasing. To meet this demand and to escape the financial pressure of the global metal market, not only mining activities but recently also the recovery of these elements from industrial and urban household waste is in the focus of research. It has been shown that the application of extracting solutions with pH values lower than 4 lead to an economically feasible recovery of industrially precious metals. It is unclear, however, whether and to which extent this abiotic extraction efficiency can potentially be increased by using microorganisms capable of dissolving more stable minerals at low pH. The goal of this project therefore is to first view urban household waste as a resource for metals and evaluate combined abiotic and biotic extraction procedures for an increase in metal extraction efficiency.

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Two-Step Solvent Extraction of Radioactive Elements and Rare Earths from Estonian Phosphorite Ore Using Nitrated Aliquat 336 and Bis(2-ethylhexyl) Phosphate

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min11040388 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 388

Author(s):

Silvester Jürjo ◽

Liis Siinor ◽

Carolin Siimenson ◽

Päärn Paiste ◽

Enn Lust

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Solvent Extraction ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Toxic Elements ◽

Downstream Processing ◽

Liquid Extraction ◽

Aliquat 336 ◽

Radioactive Elements ◽

Improved Method ◽

Ph Values

Estonian phosphorite ore contains trace amounts of rare earth elements (REEs), many other d-metals, and some radioactive elements. Rare earth elements, Mo, V, etc. might be economically exploitable, while some radioactive and toxic elements should be removed before any other downstream processing for environmental and nutritional safety reasons. All untreated hazardous elements remain in landfilled waste in much higher concentration than they occur naturally. To resolve this problem U, Th, and Tl were removed from phosphorite ore at first using liquid extraction. In the next step, REE were isolated from raffinate. Nitrated Aliquat 336 (A336[NO3]) and Bis(2-ethylhexyl) Phosphate (D2EHPA) were used in liquid extraction for comparison. An improved method for exclusive separation of radioactive elements and REEs from phosphorite ore in 2-steps has been developed, exploiting liquid extraction at different pH values.

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Environmentally and Economically Sustainable Recovery of Precious Metals and Rare Earth Elements from Waste Printed Circuit Boards

Critical and Rare Earth Elements ◽

10.1201/9780429023545-15 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 299-312

Author(s):

R. Khanna ◽

M. Park ◽

P.S. Mukherjee ◽

S. K. Mishra ◽

S. K. Biswal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Printed Circuit Boards ◽

Precious Metals ◽

Circuit Boards ◽

Printed Circuit ◽

Waste Printed Circuit Boards ◽

Sustainable Recovery

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Selectivity potential of ionic liquids for metal extraction from slags containing rare earth elements

Hydrometallurgy ◽

10.1016/j.hydromet.2016.12.002 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 169 ◽

pp. 59-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ayfer Kilicarslan Sahin ◽

Daniel Voßenkaul ◽

Nicolas Stoltz ◽

Srecko Stopic ◽

Muhlis Nezihi Saridede ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquids ◽

Rare Earth ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Metal Extraction

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STUDI DISTRIBUSI MINERAL IKUTAN TIMAH (MIT) UNTUK MENDUKUNG METODA PENANGANAN SAMPEL PADA KEGIATAN EKSPLORASI

Prosiding Temu Profesi Tahunan PERHAPI ◽

10.36986/ptptp.v1i1.121 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 797-806

Author(s):

Syafrizal Syafrizal ◽

Andika Satria Pradana ◽

Ichwan Azwardi ◽

Satyogroho Dian Amertho ◽

Mohamad Nur Heriawan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Operating Procedure ◽

Rare Earth Metal ◽

Earth Metal ◽

Standard Operating Procedure ◽

Metal Extraction ◽

Sample Handling ◽

Standard Operating ◽

Tin Metal

ABSTRAK PT. Timah Tbk merupakan perusahaan yang memiliki Izin Usaha Pertambangan (IUP) logam timah yang berencana menjadikan komoditas logam tanah jarang sebagai by-product dari ekstraksi logam timah sebagai komoditas utama. Telah diteliti bahwa Mineral Ikutan Timah (MIT) pembawa Rare Earth Elements (REEs) yang jumlahnya cukup dominan pada setiap sampel pemboran yang sudah dilakukan PT Timah Tbk diantaranya adalah ilmenite, rutile, zircon, monazite, xenotime, dan anatase. Eksplorasi terhadap logam timah terus dilakukan oleh PT Timah Tbk. Namun, eksplorasi khusus untuk setiap Mineral Ikutan Timah (MIT) pembawa Rare Earth Elements (REEs) hanya sebatas pada dokumentasi kadar mineral-mineral pembawa REEs pada sampel pemboran saja. Oleh karena itu, pada kesempatan ini, peneliti bertujuan untuk melakukan studi dan analisis distribusi mineral pembawa REEs untuk mencari aspek-aspek penting yang harus diperhatikan oleh PT Timah Tbk dalam merancang SOP (Standar Operasi Prosedur) preparasi hasil sampling eksplorasi yang tepat untuk ekstraksi mineral cassiterite tanpa mengabaikan kehadiran mineral pembawa REEs yang prospek untuk ditambang. Data-data yang digunakan peneliti berasal dari sampel-sampel primer, aluvial, konsentrat, dan tailing yang ada pada setiap daerah yang kemudian dilakukan kuantifikasi kadar mineral-mineral pembawa REEs dengan metode grain counting. Tahap selanjutnya adalah rekapitulasi, pengolahan data, dan penyajian data menggunakan metode-metode statistik. Lalu, akan dilakukan pembahasan, analisis, serta penarikan kesimpulan berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data yang menjawab rumusan masalah dan tujuan dari penelitian ini. Kata kunci : Mineral Ikutan Timah (MIT), Rare Earth Elements (REEs), Grain Counting, Standar Operasi Prosedur, Sampling Eksplorasi. ABSTRACT PT Timah Tbk is a state-owned company that has tin metal Mining Business License or well known as Izin Usaha Pertambangan (IUP) which plans to make rare earth metal commodities as a by-product of tin metal extraction as the main commodity. Based on research, REEs (Rare Earth Elements)-bearing minerals quite dominant in each drilling sample by PT Timah Tbk which are ilmenite, rutile, zircon, monazite, xenotime, dan anatase. Exploration of tin metal still continues by PT Timah Tbk. Nevertheless, the exploration of Rare Earth Metal (REM) is limited to the REEs-bearing minerals grade documentation in the drilling sample only. Therefore, on this occasion, writer aims to study and analyze the distribution of REEs-bearing minerals to look for important aspects that must be considered by PT Timah Tbk in designing the right SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) of exploration sample handling result for cassiterite mineral extraction without ignoring the presence of REEs-bearing minerals that are prospects to be mined. The data which used by the writer originated from primary, alluvial, concentrate, and tailing samples that exist in each region which then quantified the grade of REEs-bearing minerals using grain counting method. The next step is recapitulation, processing data, and presenting data using statistical methods. Then, discussion, analysis, and conclusions will be conducted based on results of data processing that answer the problem formulation and the purpose of this study. Keyword : By-product of tin metal extraction, Rare Earth Elements (REEs), Grain Counting, Standard Operating Procedure, exploration sample handling.

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Pemantapan Proses Sintesis Ligan Dibutilditiokarbamat (DBDTK) Sebagai Pengekstrak Logam Tanah Jarang Berdasarkan Desain Eksperimen

ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia ◽

10.20961/alchemy.14.2.15006.219-235 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 219

Author(s):

Diana Hendrati ◽

Erianti Siska Purnamasari ◽

Syulastri Effendi ◽

Santhy Wyantuti

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Contrast Agent ◽

Design Of Experiment ◽

Large Scale ◽

Carbon Disulphide ◽

Raw Material ◽

Metal Extraction ◽

Ligand Synthesis

Gadolinium (Gd) merupakan salah satu logam tanah jarang, dimana logam tanah jarang dapat diekstrak dari mineral salah satunya mineral monasit. Logam Gd biasanya digunakan sebagai bahan dasar contrast agent dalam dunia kesehatan. Ligan dibutilditiokarbamat mampu membentuk senyawa kompleks dengan cara mengikat logam sehingga membentuk khelat yang dapat digunakan untuk ekstraksi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memantapkan sintesis ligan dibutilditiokarbamat berdasarkan desain eksperimen dan karakterisasi kompleks antara Gd(III) dengan ligan dibutilditiokarbamat hasil sintesis. Penelitian ini diawali dengan pembuatan desain eksperimen untuk sintesis ligan dan ekstraksi Gd(III) dengan ligan, kemudian proses sintesis dan ekstraksi dilakukan sesuai dengan desain eksperimen, hasil sintesis dan ekstraksi dikarakterisasi menggunakan metode spektroskopi serta diuji kelarutannya dalam pelarut organik. Data yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa sintesis ligan dibutilditiokarbamat optimal pada suhu 4 °C, perbandingan dibutilamin dan karbondisulfida yaitu 1 : 3 dengan perbandingan mol ammonia terhadap dibutilamin yaitu 1 : 4, sedangkan kondisi optimal untuk ekstraksi Gd(III) dengan ligan yaitu pada pH 6, dengan perbandingan mol Gd(III) dan ligan yaitu 1 : 4 dan lama ekstraksi 60 menit. Oleh karena itu ligan dibutilditiokarbamat hasil sintesis berpotensi digunakan sebagai ekstraktan untuk ekstraksi Gd(III). Hasil prediksi ligan berdasarkan desain eksperimen yaitu sebesar 56,12% sedangkan prediksi ekstraksi Gd(III) dengan ligan hasil sintesis diperoleh sebesar 78,41%.The Consolidation of Dibutyldithiocarbamate (DBDTC) Synthesis as Gadolinium Metal Extraction Based On Experimental Design. Gadolinium (Gd) is one of the rare-earth elements, whereas rare-earth elements can be extracted from monazite. Gd is usually used as raw material for synthesizing contrast agent in medicine field. Dibuthyldithiocarbamate ligand can form a complex compound with metal. This ligand will bind a metal and then forming chelate which is used for extraction. The purpose of this research is to ensure procedure of dibuthyldithiocarbamate ligand synthesis based on the design of experiment and to study the characterization of reaction result between Gd(III) and dibuthyldithiocarbamate ligand which this ligand is synthesis result. This research begins with making design of experiment for ligand synthesis and Gd(III) extraction with ligand, then perform the process of synthesis and extraction according to the design of experiment, the result of synthesis and extraction were characterized by spectroscopy method and solubility tested in organic solvent. The data was collected indicate that the optimal condition of dibuthyldithiocarbamate ligan synthesis at 4 °C (temperature), the ratio of di-n-butylamine and carbon disulphide is 1:3 with the mole ratio of ammonia to the di-n-butylamine 1:4, while the optimal conditions for gadolinium extraction with ligand at pH 6, the mol ratio of gadolinium and ligand is 1:4 and 60 minutes extraction time. Hence, dibuthyldithiocarbamate ligand can be used as extractan for extracting Gd(III). The prediction of ligand based on the experimental design is 56.12% while the prediction of Gd(III) extraction with ligand of the synthesis result is obtained equal to 78.41%. The conclusion of this research is that the synthesis of dibuthyldithiocarbamate ligand based on the experimental design can be developed for large-scale synthesis.

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