A Simple Experimental Method to Simulate the Fracture and Faults in Earthquakes

2010 ◽  
Vol 150-151 ◽  
pp. 1444-1447
Author(s):  
Katsuyuki Kida
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Crack Branching ◽  
Subsurface Crack ◽  
Intraplate Earthquakes ◽  
Earthquake Faults ◽  
Plate Subduction

In the present work we present the results of a simple laboratory experiment which fulfils the mechanical conditions of formation of fracture and faults in earthquakes and also helps us understand the relation between inter- and intraplate earthquakes. Although many experimental investigations have been undertaken in an attempt to understand this relationship, they were not successful due to the difficulty in duplicating the conditions causing earthquakes using experimental methods. We discovered that the stress field around a subsurface crack growing under rolling contact fatigue fulfils the mechanical conditions of a plate subduction boundary, and also that subsurface crack branching is similar to the fracture of earthquake faults.

Observation of Fatigue Fracture on PEEK Shaft against Alumina Bearing’s Ball under One-Point Rolling Contact

2016 ◽  
Vol 878 ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitonobu Koike ◽  
Genya Yamaguchi ◽  
Koshiro Mizobe ◽  
Yuji Kashima ◽  
Katsuyuki Kida
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Fracture ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Hertzian Contact ◽  
Subsurface Crack ◽  
Mechanical Elements ◽  
The One ◽  
Alumina Ball

Tribological fatigue failure of the machined PEEK shaft was investigated through the one-point type rolling contact fatigue test between a PEEK shaft and an alumina ball, in order to explore fatigue fracture mechanism of frictional parts working at high frequency in various mechanical elements. Due to Hertzian contact of cyclic compressive stress, the subsurface crack occurred within approximately 300 μm depth from thesurface and propagated along the rolling direction. After that, the subsurface crack propagation direction changed toward the surface. The flaking occurred on the raceway of the PEEK shaft when the subsurface crack reached to the PEEK shaft surface.

Experimental Investigations Upon Fatigue Life of Circular Contacts With Transversal Furrow

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delia F. Cerlinca ◽  
Emanuel N. Diaconescu
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Contact Fatigue Life

Rolling contact fatigue depends essentially on both surface and subsurface populations of defects. First, this paper describes experimental results obtained in rolling contact fatigue tests in the presence of a furrow oriented transversally to the race-way. Then an attempt to predict theoretically the effect of geometric parameters of the furrow upon contact fatigue life is described.

Internal Shear Stress Distribution and Subsurface Cracks of PPS Thrust Bearings under Rolling Contact Fatigue in Water

2020 ◽  
Vol 858 ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
Syunsuke Mizozoe ◽  
Katsuyuki Kida
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Crack Propagation ◽  
Contact Stress ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Subsurface Crack ◽  
Thrust Bearings ◽  
Subsurface Cracks

In this study, crack propagation in PPS thrust bearings under rolling contact fatigue (RCF) in water was observed, and relation between subsurface crack and internal shear stress parallel to the surface was investigated. It was found the cause of flaking was subsurface crack. They were evaluated in terms of contact stress and friction between their faces. It was discovered that subsurface cracks distributed around shear stress peak, and flaking failure was dominated by subsurface shear stress.

scholarly journals In situ evaluation of contact stiffness in a slip interface with different roughness conditions using ultrasound reflectometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 477 (2255) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Fukagai ◽  
M. Watson ◽  
H. P. Brunskill ◽  
A. K. Hunter ◽  
M. B. Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure Torsion ◽  
Dynamic Condition ◽  
Contact Stiffness ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Torsion Test ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Experimental Investigations

Understanding the dynamic condition of the interface between a railway wheel and rail is important to reduce the risks and consider the effectiveness of countermeasures for tribological problems. Traditionally the difficulty in obtaining accurate non-destructive interfacial measurements has hindered systematic experimental investigations. Recently, an ultrasound reflectometry technique has been developed as a direct observation method of a rolling–sliding interface; however, the topography dependence under the high contact pressures in a wheel–rail contact has not been clarified. For this reason, a novel in situ measurement of the contact stiffness using ultrasound reflectometry was carried out for three different levels of roughness. A contact pressure equivalent to that in a wheel–rail interface was achieved by using a high-pressure torsion test approach. The dynamic change of contact stiffness with slip was measured using ultrasound and the influence of roughness was investigated. The measured changes were validated using a newly developed numerical simulation, and mechanisms to explain the observed behaviour were proposed in terms of fracture and plastic deformation of the asperity bonds. These findings could help in understanding the traction characteristics for different roughness conditions and also assist in understanding damage mechanisms better, such as wear and rolling contact fatigue.

Evaluation of Internal Crack Growth of PPS Thrust Bearings under Rolling Contact Fatigue in Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 888 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Shintaro Kanagawa ◽  
Takahiro Matsueda ◽  
Katsuyuki Kida ◽  
Yuji Kashima
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Internal Crack ◽  
Subsurface Crack ◽  
Direction Parallel ◽  
Thrust Bearings ◽  
Full Cross Section ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Circular Cracks

In this study, in order to evaluate the progress of internal cracks in PPS thrust bearings under rolling contact fatigue in water, cracks were observed by a full-cross-section observation method using a lathe machining. “Main subsurface crack” initiated at the surface toward the inside, then grew in a direction parallel to the surface. They connected with many “Semi-circular cracks” initiating at the surface from the opposite side to the inside, to from a semi-ellipsoidal flaking damage. It was found that the “Semi-circular cracks” and the “Main subsurface crack” dominated the flaking destruction.

Observation of Subsurface Crack of Carburized Steel (SCM415) under Single-Ball Rolling Contact Fatigue over 107 Cycles

2019 ◽  
Vol 298 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Masato Fukuda ◽  
Koshiro Mizobe ◽  
Katsuyuki Kida
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Subsurface Crack ◽  
Subsurface Cracks ◽  
Carburized Steel ◽  
Ball Rolling

Bearing fails due to the flaking failure which is caused by the subsurface cracks. The observation of the subsurface cracks is not easy beacause the cracks propagate inside the material. In order to observe the whole subsurface cracks, we performed rolling contact fatigue (RCF) tests of carburized SCM415 until over 107 cycles with the single-ball RCF machine. After the RCF tests, we directly observed the subsurface cracks.

Subsurface crack propagation under rolling contact fatigue in bearing ring

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 2422-2432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Deng ◽  
XingHui Han ◽  
XunPeng Qin ◽  
Song Huang
Keyword(s):  
Crack Propagation ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Subsurface Crack ◽  
Bearing Ring

scholarly journals Flaking of PEEK under one-point rolling contact fatigue using Al2O3 ball

2019 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Hitonobu KOIKE ◽  
Genya YAMAGUCHI ◽  
Koshiro MIZOBE ◽  
Katsuyuki KIDA
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Hertzian Contact ◽  
Surface Cracks ◽  
Subsurface Crack ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
The One ◽  
Point Type

The growth of flaking as tribological fatigue failure in PEEK was investigated through the one-point type rolling contact fatigue test between a machined PEEK polymer shaft and an alumina bearing's ball. Due to Hertzian contact of cyclic compressive stress, the subsurface fatigue cracks in the PEEK shaft propagated in rolling and axial directions. When the rolling fatigue life of the PEEK shaft reached 106 fatigue cycles, many narrow angled cracks occurred in the near-surface of the rolling track without flaking. On the other hand, when the flaking ocuurred on the PEEK shaft before 106 fatigue cycles, semicircular surface and subsurface crack propagations were observed. From these observations, it was found that micro-flaking occurred due to the linkages between subsurface and surface cracks. Flakingdeveloped due to the accumulation of these micro-flakings.

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