Relationship between Riverway's Fractal Dimension and River Flood of the Lower Yellow River

Fractal theory was used to study the rules of Yellow River’s food happening. The author put forward a method, grid method, to calculate the riverway’s fractal dimension. After comparing the fractal dimensions and flood peak discharges of the Lower Yellow River parts, some helpful conclusions have been achieved. At a certain scale range, riverway of the Lower Yellow River shows some fractal characteristics, that is self-similarity. The fractal dimension of the Lower Yellow River changes with the flood peak discharge. Usually, the bigger the fractal dimension, the more curving the river way, the bigger the flood peak discharge, the bigger the possibility that flood happens. As a result, the fractal dimension can be regarded as a quantitative index to predict flood.

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Application of Fractal Theory in the River Regime in the Lower Yellow River

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.190-191.1238 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 190-191 ◽

pp. 1238-1243 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Shi Min Tian ◽

Xiao Hui Su ◽

Wei Hong Wang ◽

Rui Xun Lai

Keyword(s):

Fractal Dimension ◽

Yellow River ◽

Fractal Theory ◽

Fractal Dimensions ◽

Pattern Discrimination ◽

River System ◽

Important Variable ◽

Lower Yellow River ◽

The Lower Yellow River ◽

River Pattern

From 1960 to 1999, the river regime in the Lower Yellow River had been the wandering. After the operation of Xiaolangdi Reservoir, the river regime in the Lower Yellow River has experienced some changes because of the reduced discharge and sediment loads. According to the river regime maps, the wandering features of the Lower Yellow River are inhibited and the river channel is becoming stable. In addition, the fractal dimension method is introduced to discriminate the river regime. The river fractal features are able to reflect the features of river system and the fractal dimension is an important variable that can reflect the fractal features. Based on the basic principle of fractal theory, the fractal dimension method is applied to discriminate the river pattern evolution of the Lower Yellow River. The results show that all the fractal dimensions of the three studied reaches decrease from 1-1.35 before 2004 to less 1.05 after 2004, indicating that the river regimes are becoming more regular. It means that the discrimination results fit well with the facts and the fractal dimension method is suitable for the river pattern discrimination.

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Numerical Investigation on Downstream Increase in Peak Discharge of Hyperconcentrated Floods in the Lower Yellow River

Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics ◽

10.4236/jamp.2016.44073 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 04 (04) ◽

pp. 641-647

Author(s):

Zhijing Li ◽

Zhongwu Jin

Keyword(s):

Numerical Investigation ◽

Yellow River ◽

Peak Discharge ◽

Lower Yellow River ◽

The Lower Yellow River

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MODEL FOR LOSS ASSESSMENT DUE TO FLOOD IN THE LOWER YELLOW RIVER

Environmental Engineering and Management Journal ◽

10.30638/eemj.2015.207 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (8) ◽

pp. 1933-1939

Author(s):

Xianqi Zhang ◽

Weiwei Han ◽

Xiaofei Peng ◽

Cundong Xu

Keyword(s):

Yellow River ◽

Loss Assessment ◽

Lower Yellow River ◽

The Lower Yellow River

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Dynamic characteristics and fractal representations of crack propagation of rock with different fissures under multiple impact loadings

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-92277-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bing Sun ◽

Shun Liu ◽

Sheng Zeng ◽

Shanyong Wang ◽

Shaoping Wang

Keyword(s):

Fractal Dimension ◽

Crack Propagation ◽

Crack Growth ◽

Impact Test ◽

Fractal Theory ◽

Dynamic Change ◽

Fractal Dimensions ◽

Peak Stress ◽

Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽

Gravitational Potential Energy

AbstractTo investigate the influence of the fissure morphology on the dynamic mechanical properties of the rock and the crack propagation, a drop hammer impact test device was used to conduct impact failure tests on sandstones with different fissure numbers and fissure dips, simultaneously recorded the crack growth after each impact. The box fractal dimension is used to quantitatively analyze the dynamic change in the sandstone cracks and a fractal model of crack growth over time is established based on fractal theory. The results demonstrate that under impact test conditions of the same mass and different heights, the energy absorbed by sandstone accounts for about 26.7% of the gravitational potential energy. But at the same height and different mass, the energy absorbed by the sandstone accounts for about 68.6% of the total energy. As the fissure dip increases and the number of fissures increases, the dynamic peak stress and dynamic elastic modulus of the fractured sandstone gradually decrease. The fractal dimensions of crack evolution tend to increase with time as a whole and assume as a parabolic. Except for one fissure, 60° and 90° specimens, with the extension of time, the increase rate of fractal dimension is decreasing correspondingly.

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High-Arsenic Groundwater in Paleochannels of the Lower Yellow River, China: Distribution and Genesis Mechanisms

Water ◽

10.3390/w13030338 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 338

Author(s):

Chuanshun Zhi ◽

Wengeng Cao ◽

Zhen Wang ◽

Zeyan Li

Keyword(s):

Yellow River ◽

The Yellow River ◽

Rock Interaction ◽

Lower Yellow River ◽

The Lower Yellow River ◽

Groundwater Samples ◽

Groundwater Systems ◽

Different Sources ◽

High Arsenic ◽

High Arsenic Groundwater

High–arsenic (As) groundwater poses a serious threat to human health. The upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River are well–known areas for the enrichment of high–arsenic groundwater. However, little is known about the distribution characteristics and formation mechanism of high-As groundwater in the lower reach of the Yellow River. There were 203 groundwater samples collected in different groundwater systems of the lower Yellow River for the exploration of its hydrogeochemical characteristics. Results showed that more than 20% of the samples have arsenic concentrations exceeding 10 μg/L. The high-As groundwater was mainly distributed in Late Pleistocene–Holocene aquifers, and the As concentrations in the paleochannels systems (C2 and C4) were significantly higher than that of the paleointerfluve system (C3) and modern Yellow River affected system (C5). The high-As groundwater is characterized by high Fe2+ and NH4+ and low Eh and NO3−, indicating that reductive dissolution of the As–bearing iron oxides is probably the main cause of As release. The arsenic concentrations strikingly showed an increasing tendency as the HCO3− proportion increases, suggesting that HCO3− competitive adsorption may facilitate As mobilization, too. In addition, a Gibbs diagram showed that the evaporation of groundwater could be another significant hydrogeochemical processes, except for the water–rock interaction in the study area. Different sources of aquifer medium and sedimentary structure may be the main reasons for the significant zonation of the As spatial distribution in the lower Yellow River.

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