Design and Realization of Portable ECG Monitor with Dual CPU

2011 ◽  
Vol 340 ◽  
pp. 451-455
Author(s):  
Fang Yang ◽  
He Ping Hang ◽  
Jin Hui Shen ◽  
Ming Gang Shao
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Surface Emg ◽  
Communication Interface ◽  
Emg Signal ◽  
Memory Card ◽  
Good Repeatability ◽  
Ecg Amplifier ◽  
Meet Data ◽  
Dual Cpu

In order to meet data acquisition mobility and convenient requirements of the portable ECG monitor, the data acquisition system of ECG with dual CPU is designed in this paper. The system, in which C8051F005 is master CPU, meanwhile ATmega168 is slave CPU, consists of analogical circuit for detecting of ECG, amplifier-filter circuit, A/D converter and SD memory card communication interface mainly. Experimental data shows that the system has such advantages such as good repeatability, high accuracy, quick response and excellent anti-interference. It can effectively detect and obtain electrical activity of the heart and cope with continuous large memory with SD memory card in embedded system. Strong background noises are eliminated effectively by multi-level amplifier and filter; Un-anamorphic ECG can be acquired and recorded synchronously in memory cards. Moreover, this paper also proposes a preprocessing algorithm for noise reduction so that it can reject the interference by respiration and surface EMG signal.

Fault Diagnostic Equipment of Electrical System Based on Embedded System

2013 ◽  
Vol 333-335 ◽  
pp. 1552-1557
Author(s):  
Xin Yun Zhu ◽  
Xiao Qiang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Testing Equipment ◽  
Fault Testing ◽  
Electrical System ◽  
Communication Interface ◽  
User Input ◽  
Data User ◽  
Usb Communication ◽  
Data Acquisition Unit

The development of an intelligent fault testing equipment for electrical system of a mechanized bridge is accomplished based on embedded system. This equipment consists of USB communication interface, data acquisition unit, intelligent fault diagnosis as well as maintenance and management function together with embedded microprocessor MSP 430. It can carry out data acquisition and condition monitoring with multiple operating parameters, such as voltage, current, resistor, frequency as well as other operating state values. The fault testing and diagnosis are automatically performed by the application of measured data, user input observation results that are represented by logical value, and the detection results of other testing equipment. In addition, The graphical user interface facilitates users measurement and observation till to the location of the fault parts, and subsequently help users make maintenance solution and scheme. So far, the detecting precision meets the requirements of fault testing of electrical system. The equipment has also benefits of handy structure, lightweight, low consumption, large storage capacity, excellent expandability and intelligent inference capability. It provides engineering vehicles, for instance mechanized bridge, with proper and dedicated intelligent monitoring, diagnosis and testing equipment. Meanwhile the work presents an important technical method for the technical support of the various engineering equipment in time of war.

Amplitude cancellation reduces the size of motor unit potentials averaged from the surface EMG

2006 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 1928-1937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin G. Keenan ◽  
Dario Farina ◽  
Roberto Merletti ◽  
Roger M. Enoka
Keyword(s):  
Motor Unit ◽  
Conduction Velocity ◽  
Motor Units ◽  
Surface Emg ◽  
Excitation Level ◽  
Bipolar Electrode ◽  
Emg Signal ◽  
Motor Unit Synchronization ◽  
Rate Coding ◽  
Simulated Surface

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the influence of selected physiological parameters on amplitude cancellation in the simulated surface electromyogram (EMG) and the consequences for spike-triggered averages of motor unit potentials derived from the interference and rectified EMG signals. The surface EMG was simulated from prescribed recruitment and rate coding characteristics of a motor unit population. The potentials of the motor units were detected on the skin over a hand muscle with a bipolar electrode configuration. Averages derived from the EMG signal were generated using the discharge times for each of the 24 motor units with lowest recruitment thresholds from a population of 120 across three conditions: 1) excitation level; 2) motor unit conduction velocity; and 3) motor unit synchronization. The area of the surface-detected potential was compared with potentials averaged from the interference, rectified, and no-cancellation EMGs. The no-cancellation EMG comprised motor unit potentials that were rectified before they were summed, thereby preventing cancellation between the opposite phases of the potentials. The percent decrease in area of potentials extracted from the rectified EMG was linearly related to the amount of amplitude cancellation in the interference EMG signal, with the amount of cancellation influenced by variation in excitation level and motor unit conduction velocity. Motor unit synchronization increased potentials derived from both the rectified and interference EMG signals, although cancellation limited the increase in area for both potentials. These findings document the influence of amplitude cancellation on motor unit potentials averaged from the surface EMG and the consequences for using the procedure to characterize motor unit properties.

scholarly journals Addressing the Data Acquisition Paradigm in the Early Detection of Pediatric Foot Deformities

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4422
Author(s):  
Paul D. Rosero-Montalvo ◽  
Edison A. Fuentes-Hernández ◽  
Manuel E. Morocho-Cayamcela ◽  
Luz M. Sierra-Martínez ◽  
Diego H. Peluffo-Ordóñez
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Embedded System ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
School Children ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Foot Deformities ◽  
Flat Feet ◽  
Child Patients ◽  
Pediatric Foot ◽  
Serious Injuries

The analysis of plantar pressure through podometry has allowed analyzing and detecting different types of disorders and treatments in child patients. Early detection of an inadequate distribution of the patient’s weight can prevent serious injuries to the knees and lower spine. In this paper, an embedded system capable of detecting the presence of normal, flat, or arched footprints using resistive pressure sensors was proposed. For this purpose, both hardware- and software-related criteria were studied for an improved data acquisition through signal coupling and filtering processes. Subsequently, learning algorithms allowed us to estimate the type of footprint biomechanics in preschool and school children volunteers. As a result, the proposed algorithm achieved an overall classification accuracy of 97.2%. A flat feet share of 60% was encountered in a sample of 1000 preschool children. Similarly, flat feet were observed in 52% of a sample of 600 school children.

Rectification is required to extract oscillatory envelope modulation from surface electromyographic signals

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (7) ◽  
pp. 1685-1691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Dakin ◽  
Brian H. Dalton ◽  
Billy L. Luu ◽  
Jean-Sébastien Blouin
Keyword(s):  
Motor Unit ◽  
Stimulus Frequency ◽  
Motor Units ◽  
Surface Emg ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Single Motor Unit ◽  
Single Motor ◽  
Single Motor Units ◽  
Emg Signal ◽  
Envelope Modulation

Rectification of surface electromyographic (EMG) recordings prior to their correlation with other signals is a widely used form of preprocessing. Recently this practice has come into question, elevating the subject of EMG rectification to a topic of much debate. Proponents for rectifying suggest it accentuates the EMG spike timing information, whereas opponents indicate it is unnecessary and its nonlinear distortion of data is potentially destructive. Here we examine the necessity of rectification on the extraction of muscle responses, but for the first time using a known oscillatory input to the muscle in the form of electrical vestibular stimulation. Participants were exposed to sinusoidal vestibular stimuli while surface and intramuscular EMG were recorded from the left medial gastrocnemius. We compared the unrectified and rectified surface EMG to single motor units to determine which method best identified stimulus-EMG coherence and phase at the single-motor unit level. Surface EMG modulation at the stimulus frequency was obvious in the unrectified surface EMG. However, this modulation was not identified by the fast Fourier transform, and therefore stimulus coherence with the unrectified EMG signal failed to capture this covariance. Both the rectified surface EMG and single motor units displayed significant coherence over the entire stimulus bandwidth (1–20 Hz). Furthermore, the stimulus-phase relationship for the rectified EMG and motor units shared a moderate correlation ( r = 0.56). These data indicate that rectification of surface EMG is a necessary step to extract EMG envelope modulation due to motor unit entrainment to a known stimulus.

A hardware/software codesign for improved data acquisition in a processor based embedded system

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Thomas ◽  
M.M. Nayak ◽  
S. Udupa ◽  
J.K. Kishore ◽  
V.K. Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Data Acquisition

scholarly journals Surface EMG signal normalisation and filtering improves sensitivity of equine gait analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. St. George ◽  
S.H. Roy ◽  
J. Richards ◽  
J. Sinclair ◽  
S.J. Hobbs
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Surface Emg ◽  
Frequency Noise ◽  
Vertical Loading ◽  
Stifle Joint ◽  
Emg Signal ◽  
Stride Duration ◽  
High Pass

Low-frequency noise attenuation and normalisation are fundamental signal processing (SP) methods for surface electromyography (sEMG), but are absent, or not consistently applied, in equine biomechanics. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different band-pass filtering and normalisation conventions on sensitivity for identifying differences in sEMG amplitude-related measures, calculated from leading (LdH) and trailing hindlimb (TrH) during canter, where between-limb differences in vertical loading are known. sEMG and 3D-kinematic data were collected from the right Biceps Femoris in 10 horses during both canter leads. Peak hip and stifle joint angle and angular velocity were calculated during stance to verify between-limb biomechanical differences. Four SP methods, with and without normalisation and high-pass filtering, were applied to raw sEMG data. Methods 1 (M1) to 4 (M4) included DC-offset removal and full-wave rectification. Method 2 (M2) included additional normalisation relative to maximum sEMG across all strides. Method 3 (M3) included additional high-pass filtering (Butterworth 4th order, 40 Hz cut-off), for artefact attenuation. M4 included the addition of high-pass filtering and normalisation. Integrated EMG (iEMG) and average rectified value (ARV) were calculated using processed sEMG data from M1 – M4, with stride duration as the temporal domain. sEMG parameters, within M1 – M4, and kinematic parameters were grouped by LdH and TrH and compared using repeated measures ANOVA. Significant between-limb differences for hip and stifle joint kinematics were found, indicating functional differences in hindlimb movement. M2 and M4, revealed significantly greater iEMG and ARV for LdH than TrH (P<0.01), with M4 producing the lowest P-values and largest effect sizes. Significant between-limb differences in sEMG parameters were not observed with M1 and M3. The results indicate that equine sEMG SP should include normalisation and high-pass filtering to improve sensitivity for identifying differences in muscle function associated with biomechanical changes during equine gait.

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