Health Effect Valuation of Ground-Level Ozone Control in Beijing and its Surrounding Areas, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 585-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wan ◽  
Xu Xuan Xie ◽  
Shi Qiu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Ozone Pollution ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Ground Level Ozone ◽  
Ozone Control ◽  
Surrounding Areas

Ground-level ozone pollution has attracted attention from academia and public in China recent years. This paper examines the effect and benefit of controlling ground-level ozone pollution in Beijing and its surrounding areas based on health effect valuation and cost-benefit analysis. It compares pollution damage effects under current ozone concentration and six assuming control targets then estimates the health benefit of air quality improvement by cost-benefit analysis. The result shows that, the benefit of ground-level ozone control is considerably huge for the high population density and pollution concentration area which implies the ground-level ozone pollution control policy implementation is necessary and urgent.

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Buildings Retrofitted Using GIB Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 861-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Agha Beigi ◽  
Constantin Christopoulos ◽  
Timothy J. Sullivan ◽  
Gian Michele Calvi
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Seismic Intensity ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Significant Cost ◽  
Soft Story ◽  
Masonry Infills ◽  
System A ◽  
Repair Costs

Recently, the gapped-inclined brace system (GIB) has been developed as an effective retrofitting solution for soft-story buildings. This paper presents a cost-benefit study of a building retrofitted using the GIB system. A six-story, reinforced concrete (RC) frame with an open story at the ground level and masonry infills on all other floors is studied. To investigate the effectiveness of alternate retrofit configurations, different scenarios of GIB systems are numerically analyzed, expected repair costs for various levels of seismic intensity are computed, and cost benefit values are compared to each other and to those obtained when the building is strengthened and stiffened at the ground floor using conventional methods. Results show that GIB retrofit solutions are likely to represent significant cost benefits compared to traditional retrofit solutions. The results also indicate that GIBs do not need to be positioned at all column locations of the soft story, which could be beneficial in reducing the overall retrofit cost and improving architectural functionality of the retrofitted structure.

Drug costs and treatment choices: a DTB symposium

1993 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Drug Costs ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Treatment Choices ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Service Managers

The relationship between drug costs and treatment choices was the subject of the first annual Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin symposium held in March 1993.* In a time of severe financial constraints for the NHS it is important that the money available is well spent. In the case of treatment that means the benefits must be worth the cost. There is, however, no agreed way of deciding when a particular health benefit to an individual is worth the cost to the NHS. Drug prices are easier to measure and more consistent than the prices of other treatments, and may be more amenable to cost-benefit analysis. Treatment choices are made primarily by doctors but with critical input from patients, pharmacists, nurses and health service managers. In this article we give an overview of the symposium at which speakers described ways in which drug costs and treatment choices were tackled in general practice (Ann McPherson, John Howie), in hospital (Dorothy Anderson), in clinical research and audit (Iain Chalmers, Alison Frater), by consumers (Anna Bradley), by health economists (Mike Drummond) and by government (Joe Collier). We also take into account points raised in discussion by the participants.

The Use of Cost-Benefit Analysis for Evaluating Efficiency of Public Investment Projects (The Case of Sochi-2014 Winter Olympic Games)

2011 ◽  
pp. 57-78
Author(s):  
I. Pilipenko
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
The Usa

The paper analyzes shortcomings of economic impact studies based mainly on input- output models that are often employed in Russia as well as abroad. Using studies about sport events in the USA and Olympic Games that took place during the last 30 years we reveal advantages of the cost-benefit analysis approach in obtaining unbiased assessments of public investments efficiency; the step-by-step method of cost-benefit analysis is presented in the paper as well. We employ the project of Sochi-2014 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games in Russia to evaluate its efficiency using cost-benefit analysis for five accounts (areas of impact), namely government, households, environment, economic development, and social development, and calculate the net present value of the project taking into account its possible alternatives. In conclusion we suggest several policy directions that would enhance public investment efficiency within the Sochi-2014 Olympics.

Hostile Takeovers and Anti-takeover Defenses in the Russian Corporate Market

2007 ◽  
pp. 70-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Demidova
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Hostile Takeovers ◽  
Russian Market ◽  
Takeover Defenses ◽  
The Cost ◽  
European Markets

This article analyzes definitions and the role of hostile takeovers at the Russian and European markets for corporate control. It develops the methodology of assessing the efficiency of anti-takeover defenses adapted to the conditions of the Russian market. The paper uses the cost-benefit analysis, where the costs and benefits of the pre-bid and post-bid defenses are compared.

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