A Robust Image Steganography Technique Using Dynamic Embedding with Two Least Significant Bits

2011 ◽  
Vol 403-408 ◽  
pp. 835-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gandharba Swain ◽  
Saroj Kumar Lenka
Keyword(s):  
Secure Communication ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Evaluation Function ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Dynamic Evaluation ◽  
Secret Information ◽  
Cipher Text ◽  
Robust Image ◽  
Carrier Image ◽  
Selection Of

In this paper we are proposing a new Image steganography technique for secure communication between sender and receiver. At the sender we follow two steps. In the first step we encrypt the secret information by blowfish algorithm and in second step we embed the cipher text in LSB minus one and LSB (least significant bit) locations of some of the selected pixels (bytes) of the carrier image. One pixel is 8 bits in 8-bit gray scale. The selection of the pixels is done by a dynamic evaluation function. Depending on the cipher text bits, the dynamic evaluation function decides on which pixels the different cipher text bits are to be embedded. At the receiver also two steps are followed, first the cipher bits are retrieved from the image from the said locations and then it is decrypted by using the blowfish algorithm to get the secret information. As the embedding byte locations are decided based on bits of the cipher text, so it is dynamic steganography. This approach provides two levels of security, one at the cryptography level and the other at the steganography level. The proposed technique is experimented through a large number of experiments.

scholarly journals A Technique for Secure Communication Using Message Dependent Steganography

2012 ◽  
pp. 122-126
Author(s):  
Gandharba Swain ◽  
Dodda Ravi Kumar ◽  
Anita Pradhan ◽  
Saroj Kumar Lenka
Keyword(s):  
Secure Communication ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Secret Information ◽  
Cipher Text ◽  
Carrier Image ◽  
Substitution Cipher

In this paper we present a technique for secure communication between two parties Alice and Bob. We use both cryptography and steganography. We take image as the carrier to use steganography. By using our own substitution cipher called two square reverse we encrypt the secret information. Then the cipher text of the secret information is embedded into the carrier image in LSB (least significant bit) minus one position of some selected bytes. The byte selection is done depending on the bit pattern of the secret information. Thus the embedding locations are dependent on the secret message. So the intruder will face difficulties to locate the bits. After embedding the resultant image will be sent to the receiver, the receiver will apply the reverse operation what the sender has done and get the secret information.

A Dynamic Approach to Image Steganography Using the Three Least Significant Bits and Extended Hill Cipher

2011 ◽  
Vol 403-408 ◽  
pp. 842-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gandharba Swain ◽  
Saroj Kumar Lenka
Keyword(s):  
Secure Communication ◽  
Block Cipher ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Dynamic Approach ◽  
Cipher Text ◽  
Hill Cipher ◽  
Carrier Image ◽  
Least Significant Bits

In this paper we propose a technique for secure communication between sender and receiver. We use both cryptography and steganography. We take image as the carrier to use steganography. We have extended the existing hill cipher to increase its robustness and used it as our cryptography algorithm. By using this extended hill cipher (a new block cipher) which uses a 128 bit key, we encrypt the secret message. Then the cipher text of the secret message is embedded into the carrier image in 6th, 7th and 8th bit locations of some of the selected pixels (bytes). The 8th bit in a pixel (byte) is called as the least significant bit (LSB). The pixel selection is done depending on the bit pattern of the cipher text. So for different messages the embedding pixels will be different. That means to know the pixels of the image where the cipher text is embedded we should know the cipher text bits. Thus it becomes a stronger steganography. As the pixels where we embed are chosen during the run time of the algorithm, so we say that it is dynamic steganography. After embedding the resultant image will be sent to the receiver, the receiver will apply the reverse process what the sender has done and get the secret message.

scholarly journals Steganografi QR Code pada Dual Carrier Image dengan Metode Least Significant Bit

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Yahya Risqi ◽  
Rudy Dwi Nyoto ◽  
Hafiz Muhardi
Keyword(s):  
Image Steganography ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Hiding Capacity ◽  
Blue Channel ◽  
Carrier Image ◽  
Salt And Pepper

Image Steganography adalah teknik untuk menyisipkan pesan rahasia ke dalam suatu citra digital, sehingga secara kasat mata manusia tidak akan mengetahui keberadaan dari pesan rahasia tersebut. Tujuan dari penetilian ini adalah menggunakan citra QR Code sebagai secret yang diubah ke dalam mode bitonal dengan 1 bit pada tiap pikselnya kemudian dipecah menjadi dua bagian dan disisipkan kedalam blue channel di dual carrier image sehingga kapasitas dari pesan yang akan disisipkan dapat meningkat. Penyisipan pada dual carrier image juga dapat meningkatkan keamanan karena pesan dapat dikirim secara terpisah. Penyisipan pesan dilakukan dengan metode substitusi Least Significant Bit (LSB). Untuk mengevaluasi model steganography yang diteliti, digunakan pengujian MSE and PSNR, Hiding Capacity (HC), Histogram, recovery dan noise. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan dengan menggunakan citra PNG dan TIFF pada HC hingga 95% nilai PSNR tetap tinggi yaitu sebesar 56 dB, dengan tingkat recovery 100% dan tahan terhadap jenis noise salt and pepper.

Evolvable Hardware-Based Data Security System Using Image Steganography Through Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration

2021 ◽  
pp. 2250014
Author(s):  
B. Murali Krishna ◽  
Chella Santhosh ◽  
Shruti Suman ◽  
SK. Sadhiya Shireen
Keyword(s):  
Secure Communication ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Evolvable Hardware ◽  
Partial Reconfiguration ◽  
Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration ◽  
Secret Information ◽  
Secure Information ◽  
Encrypt Data ◽  
Cryptographic Algorithms ◽  
Secure Data Transmission

A highly secure communication method is essential for end users for the exchange of information which is not interpreted by an intruder. Cryptography plays a crucial role in the current and upcoming digital worlds, for secure data transmission in wired and wireless networks. Asymmetric and symmetric cryptographic algorithms encrypt data against vulnerable attacks and transfer to authenticated users. Steganography is a method for providing secure information with the help of a carrier file (text, video, audio, image, etc.). This paper proposes Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)-based asymmetric algorithm which is used to encrypt the patient’s secret information and its performance is compared with ElGamal, RSA and Diffie–Hellman (DH) cryptographic algorithms. The proposed asymmetric algorithm is applied to image steganography which is used for encrypting and concealing the patient’s secret information in a cover image. The proposed method consumes less hardware resources with improved latency. Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration (DPR) allows to transform a selective area rather than complete shutdown of the entire system during bitstream configuration. Cryptosystem with DPR is designed, synthesized in Xilinx Vivado and simulated in Vivado simulator. The design is targeted at Basys3, Nexys4 DDR and Zync-7000 all-programmable SOC (AP SoC) architectures and programmed with secure partial bit files to avoid vulnerable attacks in the channel.

scholarly journals Improved Steganography Scheme based on Fractal Set

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-136
Author(s):  
Mohammad Alia ◽  
Khaled Suwais
Keyword(s):  
Secure Communication ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Exact Matching ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Fractal Sets ◽  
Digital Multimedia ◽  
Secret Information ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Hidden Data

Steganography is the art of hiding secret data inside digital multimedia such as image, audio, text and video. It plays a significant role in current trends for providing secure communication and guarantees accessibility of secret information by authorised parties only. The Least-Significant Bit (LSB) approach is one of the important schemes in steganography. The majority of LSB-based schemes suffer from several problems due to distortion in a limited payload capacity for stego-image. In this paper, we have presented an alternative steganographic scheme that does not rely on cover images as in existing schemes. Instead, the image which includes the secure hidden data is generated as an image of a curve. This curve is resulted from a series of computation that is carried out over the mathematical chaotic fractal sets. The new scheme aims at improving the data concealing capacity, since it achieves limitless concealing capacity and disposes of the likelihood of the attackers to realise any secret information from the resulted stego-image. From the security side, the proposed scheme enhances the level of security as the scheme depends on the exact matching between secret information and the generated fractal (Mandelbrot-Julia) values. Accordingly, a key stream is created based on these matches. The proposed scheme is evaluated and tested successfully from different perspectives

scholarly journals An Adaptive Image Steganography Technique Using LSB and MSB

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakkshmanan Ajanthaa ◽  
Puja Dharia ◽  
Fairy Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Secure Communication ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Hidden Information ◽  
Media Image ◽  
Secret Information ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
Essential Properties

IN modern years Steganography is playing a significant role in secure communication. It is a technique of embedding secret information into cover media (image, video, audio and text) such that only the sender and the authoritative receiver can detect the occurrence of hidden information. The two essential properties of Steganography are good visual imperceptibility of the payload which is crucial for security of hidden communication and payload is essential for conveying huge quantity of secret information. Steganography has to satisfy two requirements, one is capability and the other is transparency. Capability means embedding large payload into media. Transparency means an ability to prevent distinction between stego and cover image by statistical analysis. Earlier they have used least significant bit (LSB), the simplest form of Steganography. In LSB method, data is inserted in the least significant bit which leads to a negligible change on the cover image that is not visible to the naked eye. Since this method can be easily cracked, it is more exposed to attacks. In the proposed system we propose Spatial Domain Steganography using 1-Bit Most Significant Bit (MSB) with confused manner.

scholarly journals IMAGE STEGANOGRAPHY DENGAN METODE LEAST SIGNIFICANT BIT (LSB)

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
M. Miftakul Amin
Keyword(s):  
Image Steganography ◽  
Least Significant Bit

<p>ABSTRAK <br /> <br />Keamanan dalam menyampaikan pesan rahasia merupakan faktor penting dalam penyebaran informasi di dunia maya. Melindungi supaya pesan yang akan dikirimkan sampai kepada pihak yang berhak, perlu dibuat sebuah mekanisme penyembunyian pesan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menyembunyikan pesan berupa teks rahasia ke dalam citra digital true colour 24 bit dalam format RGB. Metode yang digunakan untuk menyisipkan pesan rahasia menggunakan metode LSB (Least Significant Bit) dengan mengganti bit terakhir atau bit ke-8 dalam setiap komponen warna RGB. <br />Pilihan jenis file citra RGB dengan pertimbangan kapasitas pesan yang dapat disisipkan lebih besar dibandingkan jika menggunakan citra grayscale, hal ini dikarenakan dalam 1 pixel dapat disisipkan 3 buah bit pesan. Ujicoba yang dilakukan memberikan hasil bahwa pesan yang disembunyikan ke dalam citra digital tidak mengurangi kualitas citra digital secara signifikan, dan pesan yang telah <br />disembunyikan dapat diekstrak kembali, sehingga pesan yang dikirimkan dapat sampai dengan aman kepada penerima.</p>

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