Effect of Compression Pressure on the Physical and Electrochemical Properties of Activated Carbon Monoliths Electrodes for Supercapacitor Application

2012 ◽  
Vol 501 ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awitdrus Awitdrus ◽  
Mohamad Deraman ◽  
Ibrahim Abu Talib ◽  
Rakhmawati Farma ◽  
Ramli Omar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
C Cells ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Compression Pressure ◽  
Supercapacitor Application ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Activated Carbon Monoliths

Green Monoliths (GMs) of self-adhesive carbon grain from fibers of oil palm empty fruit bunches were prepared by compression pressure at 1.43 × 107, 1.91 × 107 and 2.39 × 107 kg/m2, respectively. Activated carbon monoliths ACM-A, ACM-B and ACM-C prepared by CO2 activation from these GMs, respectively, were used as electrodes in supercapacitor cells which employed stainless steel 316L current collector and H2SO4 electrolyte. Evaluation of the electrochemical properties showed that ACM-A, ACM-B and ACM-C cells had specific capacitance of 30, 9 and 5 F/g, total ESR of 3.21, 4.95 and 7.33 Ω, specific power (maximum) of 173.41, 107.58 and 33.82 W/kg, and specific energy (maximum) of 0.67, 0.15 and 0.09 Wh/kg. These properties are directly associated with the surface area of the ACMs, i.e. 419, 336 and 302 m2/g for the ACM-A, ACM-B and ACM-C, respectively, indicating a direct effect of compression pressure on the physical and electrochemical properties of ACMs electrodes.

Effects of Activation Time on the Performance of Supercapacitor Binderless Activated Carbon Electrodes Derived from Fibers of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches

2015 ◽  
Vol 1112 ◽  
pp. 308-312
Author(s):  
M.M. Ishak ◽  
Mohamad Deraman ◽  
B.N.M. Dolah ◽  
Mohd Amir Radhi Othman ◽  
Ramli Omar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Activated Carbon Monoliths ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Green monoliths (GMs) with different composition, labelled as GM1, GM2 and GM3, were prepared from self-adhesive carbon grains (SACG) produced from fibers of oil palm empty fruit bunches, SACG treated with 0.4 M H2SO4 and mixtures of SACG and carbon nanotubes (5 wt.%) treated with 0.4 M H2SO4, respectively. Each GMs was carbonized and then activated with holding time of 1 h and 2 h, respectively, to produce their respective activated carbon monoliths (ACMs). These ACMs were used as electrodes to fabricate supercapacitor cells using H2SO4 electrolytes, Teflon separator and stainless steel 316L current collector. The porosity of the ACMs, examined by nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm method were found affected after prolonging the activation time. From the electrochemical characterization of the ACMs electrodes using galvanic charge-discharge methods, it was found that supercapacitor cells fabricated using the ACMs produced by longer activation time (2 h) showed better performance, which had higher specific capacitance (113 F/g), specific power (159 W/kg) and specific energy (3.35 W h/kg), compared to the cells using ACMs produced by shorter activation time (1 h).

Effect of KOH Treated Graphene in Green Monoliths of Pre-Carbonized Biomass Fibers on the Structure, Porosity and Capacitance of Supercapacitors Carbon Electrodes

2016 ◽  
Vol 846 ◽  
pp. 551-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Redwani Mohd Jasni ◽  
Mohamad Deraman ◽  
Ellisa Hamdan ◽  
Noor Ezniera Shafieza Sazali ◽  
Najah Syahirah Mohd Nor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Specific Capacitance ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Carbonization Temperature ◽  
Carbon Electrodes ◽  
Supercapacitor Application ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Temperature Method ◽  
Activated Carbon Monoliths ◽  
Carbonized Biomass

Activated carbon monoliths (ACMs) electrodes for supercapacitor application were prepared from the green monoliths (GMs) containing KOH treated self-adhesive carbon grains (SACG) added with KOH treated graphene at its weight percentages of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 %, respectively. The SACG were prepared from fibers of oil palm empty fruit bunches by a low carbonization temperature method. The ACMs were produced by the carbonization and activation of the GMs. The surface area, structure and specific capacitance of the ACMs electrodes were found affected by the graphene addition. The highest surface area of the ACMs electrode was observed for the addition of 6% graphene, which corresponds to the carbon turbostratic structure of the ACMs electrodes with the values of its crystallites interlayers spacing (d002 and d100) at 0.352 nm and 0.205 nm, and its crystallites stack-width (La) and stack-height (Lc) at 43.21 nm and 10.06 nm, respectively. The specific capacitance of the cell using this electrode was 112 F / g.

scholarly journals Cyclic Voltammometry of Binderless Activated Carbon Monoliths based supercapacitor from Mixtures of Pre-carbonized of Fibers of Empty Fruit Bunches and Green Petroleum Coke

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awitdrus Awitdrus
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Petroleum Coke ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Compression Pressure ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Activated Carbon Monoliths ◽  
Green Petroleum Coke ◽  
Maximum Specific Capacitance

<p>Binderless activated carbon monoliths (BACMs) prepared from mixtured of pre-carbonized of fibers of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) and green petroleum coke were used for preparing the carbon based supercapacitor cells. The symmetrical supercapacitor cells were fabricated by using two BACMs electrode prepared for each selected holding time of activation and various compression pressure. The electrochemical behavior of supercapacitor cells were measured at room temperature by using cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique. The maximum specific capacitance (C<sub>sp</sub>) of the cells values were 35.9 and 82.5 F/g for holding time of activation of 1.5 and 2 h, respectively, at the compression pressure of 7.5 metric tons. </p>

scholarly journals Cyclic Voltammometry of Binderless Activated Carbon Monoliths based supercapacitor from Mixtures of Pre-carbonized of Fibers of Empty Fruit Bunches and Green Petroleum Coke

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Awitdrus Awitdrus
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Petroleum Coke ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Compression Pressure ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Activated Carbon Monoliths ◽  
Green Petroleum Coke ◽  
Maximum Specific Capacitance

<p>Binderless activated carbon monoliths (BACMs) prepared from mixtured of pre-carbonized of fibers of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) and green petroleum coke were used for preparing the carbon based supercapacitor cells. The symmetrical supercapacitor cells were fabricated by using two BACMs electrode prepared for each selected holding time of activation and various compression pressure. The electrochemical behavior of supercapacitor cells were measured at room temperature by using cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique. The maximum specific capacitance (C<sub>sp</sub>) of the cells values were 35.9 and 82.5 F/g for holding time of activation of 1.5 and 2 h, respectively, at the compression pressure of 7.5 metric tons. </p>

Supercapacitor Activated Carbon Electrode from Composite of Green Monoliths of KOH-Treated Pre-Carbonized Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches and HNO3-Treated Graphite

2015 ◽  
Vol 1112 ◽  
pp. 303-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.S.M. Nor ◽  
Mohamad Deraman ◽  
N.H. Basri ◽  
B.N.M. Dollah ◽  
Ramli Omar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Pore Characteristics ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Activated Carbon Monoliths

Supercapacitor electrodes in the form of activated carbon monoliths (ACMs) were prepared by carbonization and activation of three different composite of green monoliths (GMs) consisting of (a) self-adhesive carbon grains (SACG) derived from pre-carbonized oil palm empty fruit bunches, KOH and graphite additive, (b) KOH-treated SACG and HNO3-treated graphite additive, and (c) SACG and HNO3-treated graphite additive. The ACM1, ACM2 and ACM3 electrodes produced from their respective GMs were characterized using nitrogen adsorption-desorption technique and the supercapacitor cell fabricated using these electrodes were characterized by galvanostatic charge discharge method. The results showed that the change in the condition of material component in the GMs by acid/alkaline treatment moderately changed the pore characteristics of the electrodes, for example only around 10 % change occurred in the specific surface area of the samples. However, such change gave a larger change in the electrochemical performance of the cells, where the ACM3 exhibit the specific capacitance (119 F g-1) and specific energy (3.5 W h kg-1), which were (66 – 71) % and (28 – 75) % higher than the other cells, and the specific power (63.3 W kg-1), which was 33 % lower than the other cells. These results demonstrate a non-linear dependency of electrochemical performances of the cells on the porosity characteristics of the electrodes resulted from the modification of component materials in the GMs.

Preparation of Activated Carbon Monolith Electrodes from Sugarcane Bagasse by Physical and Physical-Chemical Activation Process for Supercapacitor Application

2014 ◽  
Vol 896 ◽  
pp. 179-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erman Taer ◽  
Iwantono ◽  
Saidul Tua Manik ◽  
R. Taslim ◽  
D. Dahlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Supercapacitor Application ◽  
Carbon Monolith ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Activated Carbon Monoliths

Binderless activated carbon monoliths (ACMs) for supercapacitor electrodes were prepared from sugarcane bagasse by two different methods of physical and combination of physical-chemical activation process. The CO2 gas was used as physical activation agent and 0.3 M KOH was chosen as chemical activation agent. The ACMs were tested as electrodes in two-electrode systems of the coin tape cell supercapacitor that consists of stainless steel as current collectors and 1 M H2SO4 as an electrolyte. The improving of resistive, capacitive and energy properties of combination of physical-chemical ACMs electrodes were shown by an impedance spectroscopy, a cyclic voltammetry and a galvanostatic charge-discharge method. The improving of resistive, capacitive and energy properties as high as 1 to 0.6 Ω, 146 to 178 F g-1, 3.83 to 4.72 W h kg-1, respectively. The X-ray diffraction analysis and field emission scanning electron microscope were performed to characterize the crystallite and morphology characteristics. The results showed that the combination of physical-chemical activation process have given a good improving in performance of the bagasse based ACMs electrodes in supercapacitor application.

Electrochemical Characterization of Supercapacitor Electrodes Prepared by Activation of Green Monoliths Consist of Self-Adhesive Carbon Grains and Lignin

2016 ◽  
Vol 846 ◽  
pp. 545-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roslinda Zulkifli ◽  
Mohamad Deraman ◽  
Rusli Daik ◽  
Maria Muhammad Ishak ◽  
Najah Syahirah Mohd Nor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Series Resistance ◽  
Electrochemical Characterization ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Equivalent Series Resistance ◽  
Galvanostatic Charge ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Activated Carbon Monoliths ◽  
Supercapacitor Applications ◽  
Highly Porous

Self-adhesive carbon grains (SACG) and lignin were prepared from fibres of oil palm empty fruit bunches by a low carbonization temperature and chemical treatment methods, respectively. Green monoliths were prepared from the KOH-treated SACG mixed with the organosolv-treated lignin with their weight percentages of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%, respectively. The green monoliths were carbonized and activated into highly porous activated carbon monoliths (ACMs) electrodes for supercapacitor applications. The electrochemical characterization using galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) technique was carried out on the supercapacitor cell fabricated using these electrodes. The results show that the addition of 5 wt.% lignin was optimum, corresponding to the higher values of the specific capacitance (137 Fg-1), specific energy (4.13 Wh kg-1), specific power (192 W Kg-1), and a satisfactory value of equivalent series resistance (0.467 Ω) of the supercapacitor.

Graphene and Activated Carbon Based Supercapacitor Electrodes

2015 ◽  
Vol 1112 ◽  
pp. 231-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Deraman ◽  
N.S.M. Nor ◽  
N.H. Basri ◽  
B.N.M. Dollah ◽  
Sepideh Soltaninejad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Charge Discharge ◽  
Better Than

Supercapacitor electrodes in the monolithic form were prepared by carbonization and activation of green monoliths (GMs). The GMs and composite GMs were prepared from self-adhesive carbon grains (SACG) of oil palm empty fruit bunches and SACG added with 2 wt.% of multi-layers graphene, respectively. Both GMs and composite GMs were subjected to 18 h and 36 h milling time, respectively. The structure and porosity of the electrodes observed in the Raman spectroscopy and nitrogen adsorption-desorption results, respectively, indicated the effects of graphene addition and doubling the milling times. Galvanic charge discharge results of the supercapacitor cells fabricated using these electrodes showed that the greatest improvement due to the graphene addition occurred for the electrodes prepared based on the lower milling time. The results obtained from the electrochemical characterization showed that specific capacitance, specific power and specific energy of the cell with electrodes from the composite GMs produced from the mixture milled for 18 h were 46 F g-1, 165 W kg-1 and 1.2 W h kg-1, which were ~500 %, ~25 % and ~1100 % better than the other cells.

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