The Research of Oil-Shale-Dreg in Preparing Petroleum Proppant

2012 ◽  
Vol 560-561 ◽  
pp. 661-666
Author(s):  
Duo Wang ◽  
Chun Jie Yan ◽  
Hong Quan Wang ◽  
Xiu Mei Qiu
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Oil Shale ◽  
High Strength ◽  
High Flow ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Shale Oil ◽  
Mineral Component ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Ignition Loss

The oil-shale-dreg is the wastes after refining the oil shale to obtain the shale oil. But in the oil-shale-dreg, there are the massive mineral component, like the quartz, the feldspar, the clay ingredient and so on. After calcined, its structure becomes loose, owning the very low density and much ignition loss. In our study, we use different rate of oil-shale-dreg, bauxite and flux for granulation by using disk granulator. After high temperature we get low density Petroleum Proppant. The proppants have the high strength and the high flow conductivity. That is satisfied the national standards by adding 30% wt solid waste oil-shale-dregs residue to the bauxite.

Oil Recovery From Shale With Nuclear Generated Heat

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary M. Sandquist ◽  
Jay F. Kunze ◽  
Vern C. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Shale ◽  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Electrical Heating ◽  
Shale Oil ◽  
Unit Energy ◽  
High Temperature Steam

Shell Oil Corporation has developed an in-situ process for shale oil recovery that uses electric heaters to heat oil shale deposits and produce chemical reactions within the shale that can liberate the shale-oil. The major production expense is electrical power used to heat the shale. Significantly, small mobile nuclear reactors are now under development and testing that could provide high-temperature working fluids (both gaseous and liquid) at lower unit energy cost to replace current electrical heating. Nuclear generated steam is particularly cost effective and technically attractive for oil shale recovery. Estimates are that US oil shale deposits could be made to produce about 2 million barrels of oil per acre ($200 million/acre of oil at $100/barrel) if properly processed using high temperature steam. Furthermore, a these small nuclear reactors could be delivered by heavy haul truck, carefully buried for adequate shielding and safety, remotely operated, and moved as needed to process large oil shale fields.

PYROTOOL A

Alloy Digest ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Good Ductility ◽  
Extrusion Dies ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract PYROTOOL A has been designed to display high strength and good ductility at temperatures up to 1200 F. It is used for high-temperature tooling, extrusion dies, liners, dummy blocks, forging dies, mandrels, holders, etc. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Fe-47. Producer or source: Carpenter.

INCONEL ALLOY 722

Alloy Digest ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Nickel Base Alloy ◽  
Inconel Alloy ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Nickel Base

Abstract INCONEL Alloy 722, formerly Inconel W alloy, is a high strength, high-temperature nickel-base alloy responding to age hardening heat treatments for maximum properties. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep and fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ni-100. Producer or source: Huntington Alloy Products Division, An INCO Company.

BERYLCO NICKEL ALLOY 440

Alloy Digest ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Nickel Alloy ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
High Temperature Mechanical Properties ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Solution Treated ◽  
Complex Shapes

Abstract BERYLCO NICKEL ALLOY 440 is an age-hardenable nickel-beryllium-titanium alloy that offers high strength, excellent spring properties outstanding formability, good high-temperature mechanical properties, and resistance to corrosion and fatigue. Complex shapes can be produced in the solution-treated (soft) condition and then aged to a minimum tensile strength of 215,500 psi. It is used for mechanical and electrical/electronic components in the temperature range -320 to 800 F. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ni-94. Producer or source: Kawecki Berylco Industries Inc.. Originally published September 1964, revised September 1975.

DURANICKEL ALLOY 301

Alloy Digest ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
International Nickel Company ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract DURANICKEL Alloy 301 is a wrought, age-hardenable nickel alloy having high strength, high corrosion and heat resistance. It is recommended for springs, diaphrams, bearings, pump and valve parts. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness and fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ni-83. Producer or source: The International Nickel Company Inc..

SILNIC BRONZE

Alloy Digest ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Silicon Alloy ◽  
Good Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Nickel Silicon

Abstract SILNIC BRONZE is a copper-nickel-silicon alloy having high strength, high conductivity and good corrosion resistance. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-90. Producer or source: Chase Brass & Copper Company Inc..

ALUMINUM ALLOY 201.0

Alloy Digest ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Casting Alloy ◽  
Permanent Mold ◽  
Energy Absorption Capacity ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract ALUMINUM ALLOY 201.0 is a structural casting alloy available as sand, permanent mold and investment castings. It is used in structural casting members, applications requiring high tensile and yield strengths with moderate elongation, and where high strength and energy-absorption capacity are needed. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and elasticity as well as creep and fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as casting, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: AL-336. Producer or source: Various aluminum companies.

ACCURATE METAL

Alloy Digest ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Nickel Alloy ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Copper Nickel Alloy

Abstract ACCURATE METAL is a copper-nickel alloy having high strength, ductility and corrosion resistance. It was especially designed for exacting electronic and electrical applications. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Cu-207. Producer or source: Connecticut Metals Corporation.

DUCTALLOY

Alloy Digest ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Ductility ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Brake Shoe ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Ferrous Material

Abstract DUCTALLOY is a high-carbon ferrous material having high strength, high ductility, toughness and machinability. It is supplied in three grades: pearlitic grade 80, ferritic grade 60, and austenitic grade A50. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness and fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CI-14. Producer or source: American Brake Shoe Company.

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