Environmental and Economic Significance and Feasibility Analysis of Tight Sand Gas Reservoir in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 734-737 ◽  
pp. 320-325
Author(s):  
Jian Guo Wang ◽  
Long Chen ◽  
Hai Jie Zhang ◽  
Tao Han
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Coal Bed ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Unconventional Gas ◽  
Well Completion ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Tight Sand Gas

Currently, with a sharp increase in demand for natural gas and a strict energy supply circumstances, the development of tight sand gas becomes a pressing need for the rapid development of Chinas society and economy. At the end of 2010, the reserves and annual production of tight sand gas in China accounted for 39.2 percent and 24.6 percent of national natural gas, respectively, and the proportions are expected to increase. Compared with other unconventional gas such as shale gas and coal bed methane, the techniques of tight sand gas are relatively mature and development costs of it are relatively low. So tight sand gas should be considered in priority in the exploration and exploitation of unconventional gas in China. The total reserves of tight sand gas in China are 12 trillion cubic meters. Tight sand gas in China possesses the rich reserves and enormous potential to develop, which can ease the current shortage of energy. Besides, China has mastered a series of key techniques such as the well drilling and completion protection supporting technique; well completion and staged fracturing technique of horizontal well, which guarantees the technical feasibility of the development of tight sand gas reservoirs. From the perspective of market, social and environmental meaning, reserves, technique and economic feasibility, this paper presents a systematical analysis about the importance of developing tight sand gas in China.

Current Situation of Tight Sand Gas in China

2011 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Shi Zhen Li ◽  
De Wu Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Gas Reservoir ◽  
Unconventional Gas ◽  
Unconventional Natural Gas ◽  
The World ◽  
Porosity And Permeability ◽  
Tight Sand Gas

Unconventional natural gas because of a huge amount of resources has been received extensive attention in the world. Based on the present technology in China, tight sand gas as one type of unconventional gas, has become the most realistic energy resources, and has reached a certain development scale. Low porosity and permeability of tight sand gas reservoirs are widely distributed in China's major basins, the proved reserves of tight sand gas reservoirs in the proportion of reserves increases significantly year by year. Tight sand gas exploration in unconventional natural gas is most realistic, the concept of tight sand gas, reservoir characteristics, formation mechanism of unconventional tight sand gas, distribution in China are reviewed in the essay, exploration direction and some suggestions are pointed out at the end.

Economic Comparison of Alternatives for a Stranded Offshore Gas Reservoir

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (08) ◽  
pp. 63-64
Author(s):  
Chris Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Pricing Models ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Gas Reservoir ◽  
Pipe Length ◽  
Offshore Technology ◽  
University Of Oklahoma ◽  
Natural Gas Industry

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 30732, “Economic Feasibility Study of Several Usage Alternatives for a Stranded Offshore Gas Reservoir,” by Khoi Viet Trinh, SPE, and Rouzbeh G. Moghanloo, SPE, University of Oklahoma, prepared for the 2020 Offshore Technology Conference, originally scheduled to be held in Houston, 4–7 May. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2020 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission. This paper compares economics of a floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) project with those of an onshore LNG plant and gas-to-wire (GTW) processes. Sensitivity analyses and tornado charts are used to evaluate the importance of various uncertain parameters associated with FLNG construction and operation. This study will be helpful for future considerations in using FLNG to convert offshore gas reservoirs previously considered stranded into economically viable resources. The results from this economic model can play a key role in the future of the natural gas industry and energy market in West Africa. Assumptions Before presenting different economic scenarios, the following assumptions must be established: * The pipeline will have the correct diameter, pressure rating, and metallurgy to transport produced gas. Only the pipe length will be considered a variable. * Operating expenses (OPEX) of both onshore LNG and FLNG will be the same. Realistically, however, OPEX of FLNG will be different from that of onshore LNG. * A subsidy from the Nigerian government has been obtained for the onshore LNG plant. * The electricity price is assumed to be $0.25/kWh. * An assumed upstream cost of $2/Mscf to cover onshore LNG gas pretreatment is assumed. * The onshore LNG plant and FLNG will have the same lifespan. However, in reality, availability of FLNG can be lower than that of onshore LNG. Pricing Models FNLG. Because of the relative recency of FNLG, few pricing models have been readily available. For the complete paper, Shell’s Prelude project is the basis for pricing of FLNG. Prelude costs averaged out to approximately $14 billion, which will be used as the cost of the facility for the FLNG scenario in the economic analysis.

Transient Flow Characteristics of Low Permeability Gas Reservoirs and Improvement of Deliverability by Nuclear Explosion

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (03) ◽  
pp. 209-223
Author(s):  
C. Kenneth Eilerts ◽  
Eudora F. Sumner
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Radial Flow ◽  
Transient Flow ◽  
Nuclear Explosion ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Low Permeability ◽  
Significant Variable ◽  
Reservoir Properties ◽  
Economic Significance

Abstract A program for computing the transient radial flow of natural gas, taking into account significant variable properties of the fluid and of the porous medium was used in an investigation of flow characteristics of formations for which the permeability-thickness product kh is 1 to 100 md-ft. A graphic summary of the results obtained may be used with well flow-test data to estimate kh for the formation in which the well is completed. Assuming that a nuclear explosion in a gas-containing formation would create a rubble-filled chimney with a diameter of 170 ft and fissures radiating from the chimney wall out to a distance of 255 ft, formation pressure gradients were computed for the recovery of gas with a well drilled into the chimney. These computations for 640-and 160-acre spacing indicate that diminution of the radius segment re - rf over which flow occurs in unaltered formation provides for markedly greater ultimate recovery of gas in place than is possible with conventional well completions. A formation drilled with conventional wells 1.0 mile apart must have a productivity product of kh = 197 md-ft to deliver for 20 years 1.0 MMscf/D of gas into a pipeline operated at 300 psi. Aided by nuclear stimulation, one well can meet the same performance requirements with a kh of only 49 md-ft for the native formation. With a spacing of 160 acres and nuclear stimulation, kh need be only 9 md-ft. Introduction Project Gasbuggy of the El Paso Natural Gas Co. and government agencies is concerned with the creation by nuclear explosion of a chimney and radiating fissures in a low-permeability formation containing natural gas. A well is to be drilled and completed in this chimney and tests will be made on this well and other wells in the vicinity to determine the economic feasibility of nuclear stimulation for recovery of the gas. Engineering studies of the Bureau of Mines pertaining to parts of this project have been in progress since 1963. Because of the complexity of the experiment, its cost, and possible economic significance, it is desirable to define the reservoir flow problem, determine by computing the relative importance of the parameters involved, and obtain a measure of the benefits that may be expected. The results should be generalized for application to other projects. Two parts of this problem have been investigated:determination of average properties of the native formation from flow tests of wells, andevaluation of the transient flow performance of a low-permeability formation in which a relatively high-permeability area has been created to receive a recovery well. Matthews and Russell have reviewed the difficulties of testing gas wells in low-permeability formations that stabilize slowly if at all, in this investigation a means was sought for using transient flow information obtained on such wells to determine reservoir properties, including the product kh. The investigation of nuclear stimulation was conducted with emphasis on determining what transient flow performance may be expected over the 20-year period of significance to gas producers. BASIC EQUATIONS The partial differential equation for transient radial flow of a gas phase, (1) was integrated in the range rd r re. With rd/re = 0.005 and 640-acre spacing rd = 14.9 ft, so that flow over most of the radius is computed by means of Eq. 1. A program previously described by the authors was used for this purpose. SPEJ P. 209ˆ

scholarly journals Current conditions and forecasts of natural gas application in the production of electricity

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław Rychlicki ◽  
Jakub Siemek
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Coal Bed ◽  
Unconventional Gas ◽  
Unit Energy ◽  
Bargaining Position ◽  
Gas Markets

Abstract In times of global crisis, there is a dynamic change in the European gas market. This leads to: - decline or stagnation in demand for gas in the industrial sector; - growing importance of unconventional natural gas; - LNGmarket development especially in terminal condensing due to the availability of rawmaterials derived from unconventional gas deposits (USA, Canada); - development of regasification terminals in Europe due to the possibility of receiving additionalmaterial; - development of gas exchanges; - development of cross-border gas pipeline connections leading to a progressive increase in the integration and linkages between markets; - emergence of unconventional gas in particular shale gas and coal bed methane; in Poland the potential benefits from shale gas exploitation offering opportunities for its wider use in the energy sector; - attention drawn to the role of unconventional gas, particularly shale gas; - periodic surplus raw materials for the European market; - renegotiation of long-term contracts for European customers; - changes in contracts, which include the introduction of partial indexation to the exchange of gas markets, modification of TorP clauses, contract volume shift to later years; - stronger bargaining position for the buyer of raw materials; - possible long-term changes in the valuation of raw material in Europe; - growing importance of short and medium-term contracts; - changes in distributor relations - [client on national markets (meaning unclear)]; - activity of new entrants to the gas markets. This paper presents the existing situation in the energy market in Poland in terms of the types of fuels used especially natural gas in the generation of electricity. It references Poland’s current energy relations with European countries, particularly with respect to the European Union. The analysis includes the size of unit energy consumption in selected EU countries. In addition, it reviews plans to build a major gas plant in Poland.

EOS - In the Analysis of Force Balance Conditions for the Formation of Deep Basin Gas

2013 ◽  
Vol 734-737 ◽  
pp. 1179-1182
Author(s):  
Liang Tong Fu ◽  
Tai Liang Fan ◽  
Ren Li Qi ◽  
Zi Qiang Cao
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Force Balance ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Deep Basin ◽  
Unconventional Gas ◽  
Gas Accumulation ◽  
Unconventional Natural Gas ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
The Relationship

Deep basin gas, which is trapped deep in a basin, is a kind of unconventional natural gas. It is also one of the important unconventional gas resources. In the previous studies of the mechanism of deep basin gas accumulation, force balance and material balance are considered as essential conditions for the formation of deep basin gas reservoirs. However, the gravity of natural gas is not fully taken into account in the analysis of force balance. In this dissertation, the density of natural gas under the condition of underground temperature and pressure is calculated by using the EOS. The result shows that the density of natural gas cannot be neglected and the PR EOS is applicable to the analysis of the relationship between the volume of natural gas and the condition of underground temperature and pressure.

Production Performance Analysis of Unconventional Gas Reservoirs with Different Well Trajectories and Completion Techniques

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Cihan Erturk ◽  
Caglar Sinayuc
Keyword(s):  
Shale Gas ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Coal Bed ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Unconventional Gas ◽  
Future Production ◽  
Unconventional Gas Reservoirs

Abstract The significance of unconventional gas reservoirs has been increasing for recent years owing to economic viability of their development, therefore assessment of the challenges and common pitfalls regarding those resources have been gaining importance at the same time. In this regard, the optimization of production performance of these reservoirs with the different well trajectories and completion techniques and identifying the best case scenario become more significant. That is absolutely challenging process due to the several reasons such as ultra-low permeability, desorption effect, and complex geological characteristics. However, it is possible to analyze the various parameters and observe their impact on each system with the help of advances in algorithms, computer power, and integrated software. The objective of this work is to investigate and understand the effect of some reservoir and completion parameters on the future production performance of shale gas and coal bed methane (CBM) reservoirs. A practical model is constructed with the field and synthetic data for the analysis of gas production rate and cumulative gas production versus time in multi-layered shale gas and CBM reservoirs respectively. Changes in the thickness of various stratified layers, permeability, wellbore position, number of hydraulic fracture stage, and also production profile of each system are studied using different well trajectories. The results are obtained by running a series of reservoir simulation conducted by a commercial numerical simulator with dual porosity model for CBM and shale gas reservoirs.

scholarly journals Differential hydrocarbon enrichment in deep Paleogene tight sandstones of the Dongpu Depression in Eastern China

2021 ◽  
pp. 014459872098811
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Zhang ◽  
Zhanli Ren ◽  
Youlu Jiang ◽  
Jingdong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Continuous Distribution ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas ◽  
Hydrocarbon Charging ◽  
Dongpu Depression ◽  
Kerogen Pyrolysis

To clarify the characteristics and enrichment rules of Paleogene tight sandstone reservoirs inside the rifted-basin of Eastern China, the third member of Shahejie Formation (abbreviated as Es3) in Wendong area of Dongpu Depression is selected as the research object. It not only clarified the geochemical characteristics of oil and natural gas in the Es3 of Wendong area through testing and analysis of crude oil biomarkers, natural gas components and carbon isotopes, etc.; but also compared and explained the types and geneses of oil and gas reservoirs in slope zone and sub-sag zone by matching relationship between the porosity evolution of tight reservoirs and the charging process of hydrocarbons. Significant differences have been found between the properties and the enrichment rules of hydrocarbon reservoirs in different structural areas in Wendong area. The study shows that the Paleogene hydrocarbon resources are quasi-continuous distribution in Wendong area. The late kerogen pyrolysis gas, light crude oil, medium crude oil, oil-cracked gas and the early kerogen pyrolysis gas are distributed in a semicircle successively, from the center of sub-sag zone to the uplift belt, that is the result of two discontinuous hydrocarbon charging. Among them, the slope zone is dominated by early conventional filling of oil-gas mixture (at the late deposition period of Dongying Formation, about 31–27 Ma ago), while the reservoirs are gradually densified in the late stage without large-scale hydrocarbon charging (since the deposition stage of Minghuazhen Formation, about 6–0 Ma). In contrast, the sub-sag zone is lack of oil reservoirs, but a lot of late kerogen pyrolysis gas reservoirs are enriched, and the reservoir densification and hydrocarbon filling occur in both early and late stages.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document