Construction and Application of Genetic Engineering Bacteria in Contaminated Environment Bioremediation

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 1935-1938
Author(s):  
Ji Hua Wang ◽  
Dan Zhu ◽  
Shan Shan Zhang ◽  
Jian Fei Guan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Pesticide Pollution

As the human activities increasing, pesticide, oil and heavy metal used widely caused the environmental pollution more and more serious. Therefore, it is very necessary to find the reasonable and efficient method to degrade environmental pollutants. This article summarized the construction of genetic engineering bacteria and its applications in pesticide pollution, oil pollution and heavy metal pollution bioremediation, which has proved to be a hot pot in environmental pollutants bioremediation researching. It also put forward the difficulties in the construction and application of genetic engineering bacteria and developing trend.

Fuzzy Mathematics Applied to Heavy Metal Pollution in the Marine Environment, the Calculation of Water Quality Assessment - A Case Study of Lianyungang Marine

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 2124-2130
Author(s):  
Wen Bin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Standard Form ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Fuzzy Mathematics ◽  
Membership Matrix

Reference fuzzy mathematics of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, Select a representative indicator of pollutants to establish fuzzy comprehensive evaluation index system to evaluate the virulence of Lianyungang marine heavy metal pollution levels; by the monitoring data to establish indicators of each factor on the degree of membership at all levels of the standard form a membership matrix, then make the weight factor multiplied by the membership matrix, get the fuzzy product, obtain a comprehensive evaluation set which indicating that water quality standards for water quality at all levels of membership level, reflecting the ambiguity of comprehensive water quality level, then based on the message obtain the integrated environmental pollution of Lianyungang Marine, provide the scientific basis of environmental pollution control for Lianyungang Marine.

scholarly journals Microbiological Characteristics and Heavy Metal Pollution of Crude Oil Contaminated Water Bodies in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Popoola, Taye Precious ◽  
David. N. Ogbonna ◽  
J. O. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Filter Feeder

Crude oil exploration has been beneficial to our economy but detrimental to our environment with the artisanal refineries further compounding the challenge. This research was aimed at investigating the microbiology and heavy metal pollution of three crude oil polluted rivers in Rivers State, Nigeria and effects on living organisms inhabiting that environment. This study was carried out in three locations in South-South Nigeria (Eagle Island, Iwofe and Chokocho rivers). A total of 64 water samples (upstream and downstream points) were collected using appropriate containers and sterile polyethene bags for 6 crab samples for a period of three months. Water and crab samples were analyzed for heavy metals using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric method while microbiological analysis involved isolation and enumeration of microbial populations of the water and crab samples as well as characterization and identification of the isolates using standard methods Results showed Total Heterotrophic bacteria (THB) ranged from 6.0 × 106 cfu/ml to 9.0 × 108cfu/ml for the downstream locations and 1.7 × 106cfu/ml to 3.5 × 107cfu/ml for the upstream locations. Total Heterotrophic Fungi (THF) ranged from 2.0 × 104cfu/ml to  1.1 × 105cfu/ml  for downstream locations and 0.1 × 104cfu/ml to  4.0 × 104cfu/ml  for upstream locations, Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria (HUB) ranged from 0.8 × 103cfu/ml to  4.0 × 103cfu/ml in downstream locations and 2.0 × 103cfu/ml to  7.4 × 103cfu/ml in upstream locations, Hydrocarbon Utilizing Fungi (HUF) ranged from 1.0 × 103cfu/ml to  6.0 × 103cfu/ml for downstream locations and 5.0 × 102cfu/ml to  8.0 × 103cfu/ml for upstream locations.   The bacteria identified biochemically included Serratia sp., Enterobacter sp. and Salmonella sp. for the crab samples and Bacillus sp. was dominant in the water samples (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus carboniphilus). The heavy metals (Fe, Ni, Zn, Cd, Cu, Mn, Cr and Pb) were below the DPR permissible limit but are likely to increase since the activities leading to pollution are still ongoing. The crab as a filter feeder, had higher concentration of heavy metals and microbial population and the location with the highest crude oil pollution (14.5mg/l) had the lowest THB (6.0 × 106cfu/ml) as physicochemical parameters like the amount of Dissolved Oxygen had been altered.

scholarly journals Bioremediation Options for Heavy Metal Pollution

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
pp. 191203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meena Kapahi ◽  
Sarita Sachdeva
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Heavy Metal Leaching ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Financial Interests

Background. Rapid industrialization and anthropogenic activities such as the unmanaged use of agro-chemicals, fossil fuel burning and dumping of sewage sludge have caused soils and waterways to be severely contaminated with heavy metals. Heavy metals are non-biodegradable and persist in the environment. Hence, remediation is required to avoid heavy metal leaching or mobilization into environmental segments and to facilitate their extraction. Objectives. The present work briefly outlines the environmental occurrence of heavy metals and strategies for using microorganisms for bioremediation processes as reported in the scientific literature. Methods. Databases were searched from different libraries, including Google Scholar, Medline and Scopus. Observations across studies were then compared with the standards for discharge of environmental pollutants. Discussion. Bioremediation employs microorganisms for removing heavy metals. Microorganisms have adopted different mechanisms for bioremediation. These mechanisms are unique in their specific requirements, advantages, and disadvantages, the success of which depends chiefly upon the kind of organisms and the contaminants involved in the process. Conclusions. Heavy metal pollution creates environmental stress for human beings, plants, animals and other organisms. A complete understanding of the process and various alternatives for remediation at different steps is needed to ensure effective and economic processes. Competing interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

scholarly journals Monitoring, Diffusion and Source Speculation Model of Urban Soil Pollution

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1339
Author(s):  
Zhichao Li ◽  
Wanchun Lu ◽  
Jilin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Urban Soil ◽  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Convective Dispersion

The rapid industrialization of cities has brought many challenges to the environment and resources. Industrial wastes, automobile exhaust, coal combustion soot and other pollutants accumulate in urban soil, and the characteristics of urban soil are changed, causing many pollutants to accumulate in the urban soil environment. Heavy metals are toxic and harmful pollutants existing in soil that cannot be biodegraded or thermally degraded; thus, heavy metals pose a threat to environmental quality and humans. To solve the environmental pollution of soil heavy metals, we utilize kriging interpolation to determine the geological distribution of the environmental pollution of metal elements and analyze the main causes of soil heavy metal pollution. Next, the propagation characteristics and diffusion process of heavy metal pollutants are thoroughly analyzed; in addition, an improved one-dimensional convective dispersion model and an improved air subsidence model are established, and real urban soil data are taken as an example for the fitting test. The results show that the improved models that consider more factors, such as adsorption or decomposition factors during the process of convective dispersion, absorption and expulsion factors of the crop root and topographic factors and height changes during the process of air subsidence, are effective. This paper is helpful for distinguishing the primary pollution sources and migration routes of soil metal element pollution and provides a certain reference value for protecting the environment and reducing heavy metal pollution.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Contamination of Urban Mangrove Sediments and Their Environmental Significance in the Zhanjiang Bay

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Zhou ◽  
Yao-Ping Wang ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Jia Xia ◽  
Sibo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Mangrove Sediments ◽  
Metal Elements ◽  
Heavy Metal Elements

Abstract Urban mangroves can be used to measure the impact of human activities on the urban ecological environment because mangroves are sensitive to human activities. However, studies on the evaluation of heavy metal elements in urban mangroves are still limited. Consequently, this study selected the urban mangroves in a central commercial area of Zhanjiang Bay as a case study to investigate the content and distribution of the heavy metal elements in mangrove sediments. Combined with the results of elemental analysis, grain size analysis, risk level, influencing factors, and sources of heavy metal pollution in the surficial sediments of the mangroves in the study area were evaluated based on mathematical models and multivariate statistical analysis. The results show that (1) concentration of heavy metals: V> Pb> Cu> Ni> As> Co> Cd> Hg; (2) the content of the eight heavy metal elements has a significant positive correlation with total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) values, likely as a result of adsorption, complexation, or precipitation of heavy metals by organic matter in the sediments; (3) the mangrove sediments in the study area are affected by heavy metal pollution, among which Cd pollution is the heaviest, followed by Hg pollution; (4) comprehensive analyses of multiple heavy metals using Potential Ecological Risk Index shows that the risk level of the study area is slight to very strong ecological risk; (5) the heavy metals in the study area are mainly derived from human activities such as urban domestic sewage, transportation, and ship pollution.

Statistical Analsysis to Evaluate Heavy Metal Pollution in the Air Obatained by Moss Technique in Hanoi and its Surrounding Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3SI) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
N. H. Quyet ◽  
Le Hong Khiem ◽  
V. D. Quan ◽  
T. T. T. My ◽  
M. V. Frontasieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Heavy Metal Elements ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Potential Pollution

The aim of this paper was the application of statistical analysis including principal component analysis to evaluate heavy metal pollution obtained by moss technique in the air of Ha Noi and its surrounding areas and to evaluate potential pollution sources. The concentrations of 33 heavy metal elements in 27 samples of Barbula Indica moss in the investigated region collected in December of 2016 in the investigated area have been examined using multivariate statistical analysis. Five factors explaining 80% of the total variance were identified and their potential sources have been discussed.

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