scholarly journals Influence of Tempering Conditions on Shot-Peened Tool Steel Components In-Depth Residual Stress Profiles

2014 ◽  
Vol 996 ◽  
pp. 769-774
Author(s):  
Diego Cecchin ◽  
Evgeny Kobza ◽  
Marco Cazzolli ◽  
Cristy Leonor Azanza Ricardo ◽  
Mirco D'Incau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Dislocation Density ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Density Profiles ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Residual Stress Profile ◽  
Stress Profiles ◽  
Pattern Modeling

Tool steel (X155CrVMo121KU in the following UK15) samples were analyzed to determine the in-depth residual stress profile and to study modifications in the microstructure, induced by a shot-peening treatment. The influence of different tempering temperatures was studied. Residual stress and dislocation density profiles were measured using standard laboratory X-ray diffraction (XRD) residual stress analysis with progressive chemical layer removal. Dislocation density profiles where obtained using a Whole Powder Pattern Modeling (WPPM) procedure.

Residual Stress Depth-Profiling in Shot-Peened Al Alloy Components Subjected to Fatigue Testing

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 2464-2469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristy Leonor Azanza Ricardo ◽  
G. Degan ◽  
M. Bandini ◽  
Paolo Scardi
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Depth Profiling ◽  
Cyclic Stress ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Residual Stress Profile ◽  
Number Of Cycles

The residual stress profile in a shot-peened Al alloy component was studied by a recently proposed method based on the known procedure of progressive thinning and X-ray Diffraction measurements. The effect the cyclic stress on the fatigue life was studied in detail, showing the correlation between nominal load and residual stress relaxation. Besides showing the expected decrease of compressive stress with the load and number of cycles, the present work highlights the importance of changes in the through-the-thickness residual stress distribution.

Experimental/Modelling Study of Residual Stress in Al/SiCp Bent Bars by Synchrotron XRD and Slitting Eigenstrain Methods

2008 ◽  
Vol 571-572 ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Song ◽  
Solène Chardonnet ◽  
Giancarlo Savini ◽  
Shu Yan Zhang ◽  
Willem J.J. Vorster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Residual Strain ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Front Face ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Residual Stress Profile

The aim of the study presented here was to evaluate the residual stresses present in a bar of aluminium alloy 2124-T1 matrix composite (MMC) reinforced with 25vol% particulate silicon carbide (SiCp) using X-ray diffraction and 3D profilometry (curvature measurement using Mitutoyo/Renishaw coordinate measurement machine) and comparing these results with numerical models of residual strain and stress profiles obtained by a simple inelastic bending model and Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The residual strain distribution was introduced into the test piece by plastic deformation in the 4-point bending configuration. At the first stage of this study the elasticplastic behaviour of the MMC was characterized under static and cyclic loading to obtain the material parameters, hardening proprieties and cyclic hysteresis loops. Subsequently, synchrotron Xray diffraction and CMM curvature measurements were performed to deduce the residual stress profile in the central section of the bar. The experimental data obtained from these measurements were used in the inelastic bending and FEA simulations. The specimens were then subjected to incremental slitting using EDM (electric discharge machining) with continuous back and front face strain gauge monitoring. The X-ray diffraction and incremental slitting results were then analysed using direct and inverse eigenstrain methods. Residual stresses plots obtained by different methods show good agreement with each other.

X-ray diffraction grazing-incidence methods applied for gradient-free residual stress profile measurements in electrodeposited Ni coatings

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogusz Kania ◽  
Paulina Indyka ◽  
Leszek Tarkowski ◽  
Ewa Beltowska-Lehman
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
Angle Of Incidence ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Residual Stress Profile ◽  
Constant Angle ◽  
Graded Material

The present work investigates the possibility of bias introduced in grazing-incidence-angle X-ray diffraction techniques applied to residual stress measurements. In these studies, monotextured nanocrystalline nickel coatings obtained by electrodeposition were examined as the model reference samples. Selected Ni coatings exhibited well developed and simple gradient-free residual stress states that were visible using conventional sin2ψ measurements with varying X-ray penetration depths. These results were verified against the stress state picture obtained by two variants of grazing-incidence X-ray methods: multi-reflection (differenthkl) and constant angle of incidence (singlehkl). The outcome of both grazing techniques consistently excluded stress gradients in the samples, which agreed with conventional sin2ψ measurement results. However, only the results of the constant angle of incidence technique agreed with those obtained by the sin2ψ method in terms of calculated residual stress level, suggesting this approach could be applied in further studies of graded material coatings. All analysed coatings yielded uniformly distributed tensile residual stress related to gradual structure development in electrodeposited Ni coatings studied by electron microscopy techniques.

The Mechanics Basis of Residual Stress Profiles in Proposed API 579 Appendix E

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Dong ◽  
Z. Cao
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
Continuous Change ◽  
Parametric Function ◽  
Residual Stress Profile ◽  
Stress Profiles ◽  
Pipe Geometry

In this paper, the mechanics basis underlying the parametric through-thickness residual stress profiles proposed for the revised API 579 Appendix E are presented. The proposed residual stress profiles are governed to a large extent by a unified parametric function form valid for a broad spectrum of pipe and vessel welds. The functional relationship is established based on the comprehensive knowledge base developed within a recent major international joint industry project (JIP) under the auspice of Pressure Vessel Research Council (PVRC) and a large amount of residuals stress measurement data from recent literature. One of the most important features associated with the proposed revision is that residual stress profile is uniquely determined by two important sets of governing parameters: (1) parameters relevant to pipe geometry, i.e., r/t and t; (2) a parameter related to welding linear heat input Q (J/mm), referred to as the characteristic heat input Qˆ which has a dimension of J/mm3. As a result, the corresponding through-wall residual stress distribution exhibits a continuous change as a function of r/t, t, and Qˆ, instead of falling into a few discrete and unrelated profiles, as seen in the current Codes and Standards.

X-Ray Diffraction Determination of Metallurgical Damage in Turbo Blower Rotor Shafts

1988 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Porter ◽  
Dan O. Morehouse ◽  
Mike Brauss ◽  
Robert R. Hosbons ◽  
John H. Root ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Turbo Blower ◽  
Diffraction Determination ◽  
Defence Research ◽  
Stress Profiles ◽  
Non Destructive

AbstractStudies have been ongoing at Defence Research Establishment Atlantic on the evaluation of non-destructive techniques for residual stress determination in structures. These techniques have included neutron diffraction, x-ray diffraction and blind-hole drilling. In conjunction with these studies, the applicability of these procedures to aid in metallurgical and failure analysis investigations has been explored. The x-ray diffraction technique was applied to investigate the failure mechanism in several bent turbo blower rotor shafts. All examinations had to be non-destructive in nature as the shafts were considered repairable. It was determined that residual stress profiles existed in the distorted shafts which strongly indicated the presence of martensitic microstuctures. These microstructures are considered unacceptable for these shafts due to the potential for cracking or in-service residual stress relaxation which could lead to future shaft distortion.

A New Finite Element Approach Without Chip Formation to Predict Residual Stress Profile Patterns in Metal Cutting

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Anurag ◽  
Y. B. Guo ◽  
Z. Q. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Hard Turning ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
Residual Stress Profile ◽  
Stress Prediction ◽  
Element Approach ◽  
Stress Profiles

Residual stress prediction in hard turning has been recognized as one of the most important and challenging tasks. A hybrid finite element predictive model has been developed with the concept of plowed depth to predict residual stress profiles in hard turning. With the thermo-mechanical work material properties, residual stress has been predicted by simulating the dynamic turning process followed by a quasi-static stress relaxation process. The residual stress profiles were predicted for a series of plowed depths potentially encountered in machining. The predicted residual stress profiles agree with the experimental one in general. A transition of residual stress profile has been recovered at the critical plowed depth. In addition, the effects of cutting speed, friction coefficient and inelastic heat coefficient on residual stress profiles have also been studied and explained.

Comparison of the hole-drilling and X-ray diffraction methods for measuring the residual stresses in shot-peened aluminium alloys

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Fontanari ◽  
F Frendo ◽  
Th Bortolamedi ◽  
P Scardi
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Residual Stress Field ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sources Of Uncertainty ◽  
Stress Profiles ◽  
Good Agreement

The incremental blind hole-drilling and the X-ray diffraction methods were used to measure the residual stress field introduced by shot peening in aluminium alloy 6082-T5 plates. Two peening treatments were selected to produce different depth extensions and peak values arising from different extents of plastic deformation in the surface layer. The results are discussed considering the various sources of uncertainty; in addition to the measuring technique, the effects of the surface treatment that usually induces a strong plastic deformation in the surface layer resulting in material work hardening and worsening of the surface morphology were considered. The residual stress profiles determined by the two methods showed quite good agreement for the two conditions, as regards the values both of the compressive peak and of the penetration depth. The present results provide mutual confirmation of the effectiveness of the two methods for the study of this class of materials.

The Influence of Multilayer Design on Residual Stress Gradients in Ti/TiAlN Systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 768-769 ◽  
pp. 264-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Selvadurai ◽  
W. Tillmann ◽  
Gottfried Fischer ◽  
Tobias Sprute
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Multilayer Systems ◽  
Stress Evaluation ◽  
Residual Stress Profile ◽  
Multilayer Design ◽  
Depth Dependency ◽  
Penetration Depths

In this research work, Ti/TiAlN multilayers of various designs were deposited on substrates pretreated by nitriding and etching procedures. The influence of the multilayer design on residual stress depth profiles was systematically analyzed for multilayers with different Titanium interlayer thicknesses. The depth dependency of stress was measured by a modified sin2ψ method, using various defined gracing incident angles and measuring angles that ensure constant penetration depths. The residual stresses were investigated by synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD) at the HASYLAB at DESY in Hamburg, Germany. SXRD allows a phase specific stress evaluation of the ceramic and metallic layers of the multilayer systems and the adjacent substrate region. This investigation reveals an influence of the Ti layer thickness on the values and the slope of the residual stress profile in ceramic TiAlN layers.

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