Lateral Extrusion of A6063 Pipes with a Lost Core of Alumina Powder Bonded with Wax

2012 ◽  
Vol 523-524 ◽  
pp. 1006-1011
Author(s):  
Takahiro Ohashi ◽  
Ngoquang Thanh ◽  
Ryosuke Miyajima
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Alumina Powder ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Lateral Direction ◽  
Lateral Extrusion ◽  
Melting Material ◽  
Alumina Ball ◽  
Temperature Melting

The authors have developed a lateral extrusion process with a lost core. The outline of the process is as follows. First, the cavity of a pipe, or a channel material, is filled up with liquid of a low-temperature melting material. The low-temperature melting material is then solidified to become a soluble core of the pipe. The authors call this soluble core the lost core. Next, the material is compressed longitudinally as a composite billet and extruded in the lateral direction. After deformation, the low-temperature melting material is melted and removed. The process can performed in a compression state to control the precise appearance of the product. This study examines a new core material, alumina powder (alumina ball) bonded with wax, as a core material. A mixing methodology for wax and alumina powder is discussed along with the effect of their mixing ratio on the deformation of the pipe.

Formation and behaviour of low-temperature melting peak of quenched and annealed isotactic polypropylene

2002 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Du??ke Dudi? ◽  
Du??an Kostoski ◽  
Vladimir Djokovi? ◽  
Miroslav D Drami?anin
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Isotactic Polypropylene ◽  
Melting Peak ◽  
Temperature Melting

Dielectric and Sintering Properties of the Doping CaO-B2O3-SiO2 System Low Temperature Co-Fired Ceramics

2010 ◽  
Vol 434-435 ◽  
pp. 371-375
Author(s):  
Ming He ◽  
Shu Ren Zhang ◽  
Xiao Hua Zhou ◽  
Jian Geng Hu ◽  
Ting Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Sintered Density ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Calcium Borate ◽  
Sio2 System ◽  
Sintering Properties ◽  
Calcium Silicates ◽  
Temperature Melting

. A doping CaO-B2O3-SiO2 system low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) was prepared with a mixture of high temperature melting glass and sol-gel glass for different ratio. The effects of sol-gel glass content on the microstructure, crystalline phases, sintering properties and dielectric properties of CaO-B2O3-SiO2 system were investigated at 850°C. The results show that the samples with sol-gel glass doping had little change in phase composition, but contained more calcium silicates, and less calcium borate. As the amount of sol-gel glass increased, the shrinkage improved, the sintered density slightly decreased, the dielectric constant (εr) reduced, and the dielectric loss (tgδ) decreased. When the amount of sol-gel glass was 14.5wt%, εr and tgδ of the doping sample were 5.80, 4.6×10-5 (at 1 MHz), respectively. Moreover, the doping system had a good matching ability with gold slurry and Au-Pt-Pd slurry.

Combined method of copper electroplating deposition and low temperature melting for damascene technology

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. N. Redichev ◽  
D. G. Gromov ◽  
S. A. Gavrilov ◽  
A. I. Mochalov ◽  
R. M. Ammosov
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Copper Electroplating ◽  
Temperature Melting

scholarly journals Extension of the forming limits of extrusion processes in sheet-bulk metal forming for production of minute functional elements

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Pilz ◽  
Johannes Henneberg ◽  
Marion Merklein
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Functional Elements ◽  
Bulk Metal ◽  
Bulk Metal Forming ◽  
Lateral Extrusion ◽  
Component Design ◽  
Tailored Surfaces

Increasing demands in modern production pose new challenges to established forming processes. One approach to meet these challenges is the combined use of established process classes such as sheet and bulk forming. This innovative process class, also called sheet-bulk metal forming (SBMF), facilitates the forming of minute functional elements such as lock toothing and gear toothing on sheet-metal bodies. High tool loads and a complex material flow that is hard to control are characteristic of SBMF. Due to these challenging process conditions, the forming of functional elements is often insufficient and necessitates rework. This negatively affects economic efficiency. In order to make use of SBMF in industrial contexts, it is necessary to develop measures for improving the forming of functional elements and thereby push existing forming boundaries. This paper describes the design and numerical replication of both a forward and a lateral extrusion process so as to create involute gearing in combination with carrier teeth. In a combined numerical-experimental approach, measures for extending the die filling in sheet-metal extrusion processes are identified and investigated. Here, the focus is on approaches such as process parameters, component design and locally adjusted tribological conditions; so-called ‘tailored surfaces’. Based on the findings, fundamental mechanisms of action are identified, and measures are assessed with regard to their potential for application. The examined approaches show their potential for improving the forming of functional elements and, consequently, the improvement of geometrical accuracies in functional areas of the workpieces.

Influence of Low Temperature Thermomechanical Treatment on Some Properties of High Alloy Tool Steels

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
S. W. Hejmej ◽  
C. A. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Thermomechanical Treatment ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Chromium Steel ◽  
Tool Steels ◽  
Hard Particles ◽  
Conventional Heat Treatment ◽  
Alloy Tool ◽  
Tungsten Steel

The modification of mechanical properties (maximum bending strength and deflection, hardness and impact strength) of tool steels whose primary alloying elements are either chromium, tungsten, tungsten and molybdenum, or chromium and molybdenum by low temperature thermomechanical treatment (LTTMT) by rolling with deformations up to 20 percent and extrusion with 60 percent deformation has been investigated. The high chromium tool demonstrated the greatest consistent improvements in strength (40 percent) and deflection (55 percent) for LTTMT over conventional heat treatment. The influence of the LTTMT process on the microstructure of the chromium and tungsten steels is investigated by fractography using a scanning electron microscope. The tungsten steel and the extrusion process yielded a finer distribution of hard particles in the ductile matrix than did the chromium steel and rolling.

Forming Mechanism of Folding Defect within Closed Die Forming Car Steering Knuckle

2011 ◽  
Vol 704-705 ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
De Ying Zhao ◽  
Lian Dong Zhang ◽  
Li Na Sun
Keyword(s):  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Forming Mechanism ◽  
Lateral Extrusion ◽  
Folding Defect ◽  
Material Utilization ◽  
Punch Shape ◽  
Die Forming ◽  
Shape And Size

Steering knuckle is the key part of vehicle steering system. The forming technology combined closed die pre-forging with open finish-forging has some advantages such as higher material utilization ratio and lower forming forces and so on. While simulating the closed die extrusion forming process of car steering knuckle, folding defect emerges on the contact area of Branch I and lower punch in the lateral extrusion process. The forming mechanism of the folding defect is studied by numerical simulations and experiments, which mainly consider the influence of lower punch shape and size, extrusion speed and friction conditions to folding length. The results show that the main factors that affect folding defects are the lower punch shape and size. Keywords: steering knuckle, folding defect, closed die forming, numerical simulation, experiment study

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