Microstructural Characterization of 5083 Al Alloy Joints Friction Stir Welded

The Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process is a quite recent joining method whose particular characteristics yield to materials modifications not yet fully understood. This paper aims to present the research results of a study focused on the modifications induced in an aluminium alloy AA5083 – H111, when processed by FSW to build components for structural applications. The welded samples were firstly analysed by optical microscopy in order to define the different joined zones and to identify defects. Further tests included the measurement of the Vickers microhardness, grain and particle distribution and chemical analysis of the constituents, particularly of the intermetallic second phase particles, by Auger spectroscopy. Special attention has been given to the characterisation of several microstructural “non-homogeneities” like a laminated structure called onion ring and an identified anomaly (in the form of a line), whose presence was evaluated in order to determine its effects on the final joint properties. The results have shown important new details about the relationship between the microstructure and the final joint structural properties, contributing to improve the knowledge about the materials behaviour increasing the potential of utilization of the FSW process.

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Nanoscale Three-Dimensional Microstructural Characterization of an Sn-Rich Solder Alloy Using High-Resolution Transmission X-Ray Microscopy (TXM)

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1017/s1431927616011429 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 808-813 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Chandrashekara S. Kaira ◽

Carl R. Mayer ◽

V. De Andrade ◽

Francesco De Carlo ◽

Nikhilesh Chawla

Keyword(s):

Fresnel Zone ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Microstructural Characterization ◽

Second Phase ◽

Full Field ◽

X Ray ◽

Second Phase Particles ◽

Rich Alloy ◽

Nanoscale Features

AbstractThree-dimensional (3D) nondestructive microstructural characterization was performed using full-field transmission X-ray microscopy on an Sn-rich alloy, at a spatial resolution of 60 nm. This study highlights the use of synchrotron radiation along with Fresnel zone plate optics to perform absorption contrast tomography for analyzing nanoscale features of fine second phase particles distributed in the tin matrix, which are representative of the bulk microstructure. The 3D reconstruction was also used to quantify microstructural details of the analyzed volume.

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Microstructural Characterization of Ultrasonically Welded Aluminum

Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology ◽

10.1115/1.1836792 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 127 (1) ◽

pp. 65-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

S. M. Allameh ◽

C. Mercer ◽

D. Popoola ◽

W. O. Soboyejo

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Welded Joints ◽

Weld Zone ◽

Microstructural Characterization ◽

Weld Interface ◽

Fatigue Properties ◽

Second Phase ◽

Welding Time ◽

Second Phase Particles

The microstructure and mechanical properties of ultrasonically welded AA6111-T4 specimens are discussed. The effects of welding time on the mechanical properties of welded joints are investigated. A longer welding time results in a more continuous welded interface and higher yield and fracture strengths. Accordingly, fatigue properties of the welded specimens with longer welding times are improved. The results of electron microscopy on the cross section of ultrasonically welded joints show three distinct zones: weld zone, weld affected zone and compression zone each with a distinct microstructure. TEM results show nanocrystalline grains along with second phase particles in the range of 15–25 nm in the weld zone. Flow patterns consistent with the geometry of weld–tip were observed at the weld interface.

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Composites Fabrication via Friction Stir Processing

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.690.125 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 690 ◽

pp. 125-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ning Sun ◽

Diran Apelian

Keyword(s):

Friction Stir Processing ◽

Al Alloy ◽

Second Phase ◽

Alloy Matrix ◽

Friction Stir ◽

Surface Composites ◽

Second Phase Particles ◽

The Matrix ◽

High Level ◽

Advanced Tool

Friction stir processing (FSP) is a post-processing method that locally manipulates the microstructure by imparting a high level of energy in the solid state giving rise to improved mechanical properties. Additionally, FSP has emerged as an advanced tool to produce surface composites and synthesize the second phase into the matrix. In the current study, FSP was investigated for the manufacture of localized zones of composite materials made by the emplacement of a second phase into cast A206 Al alloy matrix. Both the discontinuously reinforced aluminum (DRA) and some encapsulated powders (nano-sized SiC or Ta) were used for the second phase emplacement. Through SEM and EDS mapping, the morphology and distribution of second phase particles have been studied. The work shows that friction stir processing is a viable means of producing localized composite zones in Al components.

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Corrosion Behavior and Microstructural Characterization of Friction Stir Welded API X70 Steel

Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance ◽

10.1007/s11665-021-05640-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

J. M. Giarola ◽

J. W. Calderón-Hernández ◽

F. F. Conde ◽

J. B. Marcomini ◽

H. G. de Melo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Behavior ◽

Microstructural Characterization ◽

Friction Stir

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Mechanical and microstructural characterization of friction stir welded skin and stringer joints

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part B Journal of Engineering Manufacture ◽

10.1177/0954405413496096 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 228 (2) ◽

pp. 278-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Paola Leo ◽

Emanuela Cerri ◽

Livan Fratini ◽

Gianluca Buffa

Keyword(s):

Microstructural Characterization ◽

Friction Stir

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Computational Characterization of Micro- to Macroscopic Mechanical Behavior and Damage of Polymers Containing Second-Phase Particles

International Journal of Damage Mechanics ◽

10.1106/105678902023084 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 129-149 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yoshihiro Tomita ◽

Wei Lu

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Behavior ◽

Second Phase ◽

Second Phase Particles

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Experimental investigation and modelling of Friction Stir Processing of cast aluminium alloy AlSi9Mg

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences ◽

10.2478/bpasts-2013-0096 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 61 (4) ◽

pp. 893-904 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M.S. Węglowski ◽

S. Dymek ◽

C.B. Hamilton

Keyword(s):

Friction Stir Processing ◽

Processing Technique ◽

Second Phase ◽

Surface Layers ◽

Temperature Estimation ◽

Transmission Microscopy ◽

Friction Stir ◽

Microscopy Investigation ◽

Second Phase Particles ◽

State Processing

Abstract Friction Stir Processing (FSP) is a novel solid state processing technique which can be used for microstructural modification of surface layers in metallic materials. This paper analyzes the effects of FSP process parameters on spindle torque acting on the tool and on the tool temperature. It has been shown that an increase in the rotational speed brings about a decrease in the torque and an increase of temperature. For temperature estimation in the stir zone a numerical model was applied, while for predicting a relationship between the spindle torque acting on the tool, rotational and travelling speeds and the down force, the artificial neural networks approach was employed. Light and electron (scanning and transmission) microscopy investigation showed that the FSP process reduces porosity and produces a more uniform distribution of second-phase particles.

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Microstructure of Friction Stir Processed Mg-Y-Zn Alloy

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.558-559.777 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 558-559 ◽

pp. 777-780 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Taiki Morishige ◽

Masato Tsujikawa ◽

Sung Wook Chung ◽

Sachio Oki ◽

Kenji Higashi

Keyword(s):

Equal Channel Angular Extrusion ◽

Second Phase ◽

Ingot Metallurgy ◽

Friction Stir ◽

Fine Grained ◽

Probe Diameter ◽

Fine Grain ◽

Second Phase Particles ◽

The Matrix ◽

Zn Alloy

Friction stir processing (FSP) is the effective method of the grain refinement for light metals. The aim of this study is to acquire the fine grained bulk Mg-Y-Zn alloy by ingot metallurgy route much lower in cost. Such bulk alloy can be formed by the superplastic forging. The microstructure of as-cast Mg-Y-Zn alloy was dendrite. The dendrite arm spacing was 72.5 [(m], and there are the lamellar structures in it. FSP was conducted on allover the plate of Mg-Y-Zn alloy for both surfaces by the rotational tool with FSW machine. The stirring passes were shifted half of the probe diameter every execution. The dendrite structures disappeared after FSP, but the lamellar structure could be observed by TEM. The matrix became recrystallized fine grain, and interdendritic second phase particles were dispersed in the grain boundaries. By using FSP, cast Mg-Y-Zn alloy could have fine-grained. This result compared to this material produced by equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) or rapid-solidified powder metallurgy (RS P/M). As the result, as-FSPed material has the higher hardness than materials produced by the other processes at the similar grain size.

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