Composites Fabrication via Friction Stir Processing

2011 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
pp. 125-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Sun ◽  
Diran Apelian
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Alloy Matrix ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Surface Composites ◽  
Second Phase Particles ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
High Level ◽  
Advanced Tool

Friction stir processing (FSP) is a post-processing method that locally manipulates the microstructure by imparting a high level of energy in the solid state giving rise to improved mechanical properties. Additionally, FSP has emerged as an advanced tool to produce surface composites and synthesize the second phase into the matrix. In the current study, FSP was investigated for the manufacture of localized zones of composite materials made by the emplacement of a second phase into cast A206 Al alloy matrix. Both the discontinuously reinforced aluminum (DRA) and some encapsulated powders (nano-sized SiC or Ta) were used for the second phase emplacement. Through SEM and EDS mapping, the morphology and distribution of second phase particles have been studied. The work shows that friction stir processing is a viable means of producing localized composite zones in Al components.

Microstructural Modification of A206 Aluminium via Friction Stir Processing

2009 ◽  
Vol 618-619 ◽  
pp. 361-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Sun ◽  
Diran Apelian
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
Temperature Gradients ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Second Phase Particles ◽  
High Level

Friction stir processing (FSP) is a post-processing method that locally manipulates microstructure by imparting a high level of energy in the solid state giving rise to improved mechanical properties. FSP was applied to 25.4 mm thick, sand casting A206 aluminum workpiece under different parameters. Effects of FSP on microstructure evolution will be described and discussed. Specifically, through optical microscopy and SEM measurements the attained refinement in the stirred zone will be reviewed; porosity is significantly reduced and second phase particles are fragmented. Thermal conditions of the FSP zone have been measured as well as studying the effect of the temperature gradients on the resultant structure.

Experimental investigation and modelling of Friction Stir Processing of cast aluminium alloy AlSi9Mg

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 893-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Węglowski ◽  
S. Dymek ◽  
C.B. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Temperature Estimation ◽  
Transmission Microscopy ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Microscopy Investigation ◽  
Second Phase Particles ◽  
State Processing

Abstract Friction Stir Processing (FSP) is a novel solid state processing technique which can be used for microstructural modification of surface layers in metallic materials. This paper analyzes the effects of FSP process parameters on spindle torque acting on the tool and on the tool temperature. It has been shown that an increase in the rotational speed brings about a decrease in the torque and an increase of temperature. For temperature estimation in the stir zone a numerical model was applied, while for predicting a relationship between the spindle torque acting on the tool, rotational and travelling speeds and the down force, the artificial neural networks approach was employed. Light and electron (scanning and transmission) microscopy investigation showed that the FSP process reduces porosity and produces a more uniform distribution of second-phase particles.

Microstructure of Friction Stir Processed Mg-Y-Zn Alloy

2007 ◽  
Vol 558-559 ◽  
pp. 777-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiki Morishige ◽  
Masato Tsujikawa ◽  
Sung Wook Chung ◽  
Sachio Oki ◽  
Kenji Higashi
Keyword(s):  
Equal Channel Angular Extrusion ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Ingot Metallurgy ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Probe Diameter ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Second Phase Particles ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Zn Alloy

Friction stir processing (FSP) is the effective method of the grain refinement for light metals. The aim of this study is to acquire the fine grained bulk Mg-Y-Zn alloy by ingot metallurgy route much lower in cost. Such bulk alloy can be formed by the superplastic forging. The microstructure of as-cast Mg-Y-Zn alloy was dendrite. The dendrite arm spacing was 72.5 [(m], and there are the lamellar structures in it. FSP was conducted on allover the plate of Mg-Y-Zn alloy for both surfaces by the rotational tool with FSW machine. The stirring passes were shifted half of the probe diameter every execution. The dendrite structures disappeared after FSP, but the lamellar structure could be observed by TEM. The matrix became recrystallized fine grain, and interdendritic second phase particles were dispersed in the grain boundaries. By using FSP, cast Mg-Y-Zn alloy could have fine-grained. This result compared to this material produced by equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) or rapid-solidified powder metallurgy (RS P/M). As the result, as-FSPed material has the higher hardness than materials produced by the other processes at the similar grain size.

Filler Dispersion and Unidirectional Sliding Characteristics of As-Cast and Multi-Pass Friction Stir Processed ZrB2/AA7075 In-Situ Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabindra Prasad ◽  
Harikishor Kumar ◽  
Parshant Kumar ◽  
S. P. Tewari ◽  
J. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Alloy Matrix ◽  
In Situ Composites ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Filler Dispersion

Abstract Despite the fabrication of particulate-reinforced composites via friction stir processing (FSP), an attempt was made to utilize FSP for the homogenization of filler dispersion in ZrB2/AA7075 in-situ composites fabricated via stir casting route, with varying weight percentages of ZrB2. The friction stir processing was performed for up to three passes with 100% overlap. The as-cast and friction stir processed (FSPed) composites were characterized for their microstructural, microhardness, and tribological behavior. The microstructural features revealed the increase in the misorientation angle among grain boundaries, with an increase in ZrB2 content and a number of FSP passes. Furthermore, the homogeneity of ZrB2 particles in the Al alloy matrix was significantly influenced by the number of FSP passes, which was quantified by Lorenz curves and Gini Indices. The FSPed alloy and composites exhibited higher microhardness as compared to their un-processed counterparts. The tribological behavior was investigated for three different load levels, i.e., 15 N, 30 N, and 45 N. The slope of the wear-rate at 45 N revealed that the Al-alloy exhibited a considerable increase in wear severity, whereas as-cast and FSPed composites did not show a significant increase. Both wear-rate and coefficient of friction decreased with an increase in the number of FSP passes and ZrB2 content. The scanning electron micrographs of worn surfaces confirmed the reduction in adhesion, abrasion, and delamination with the number of FSP passes. However, the synergism among the three depicted the overall tribological behavior.

Surface Science Studies of the Effect of Al Alloy Microstructure on the Formation of Chromate Coatings

2006 ◽  
Vol 519-521 ◽  
pp. 621-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Kulinich ◽  
A.S. Akhtar ◽  
D. Susac ◽  
K.C. Wong ◽  
P.C. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Science ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Alloy Matrix ◽  
Chromate Conversion Coatings ◽  
Second Phase Particles ◽  
Auger Microscopy

Surface science methods including scanning Auger microscopy (SAM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy have been used to study the initial growth of chromate conversion coatings on aluminum 2024-T3 alloy, using a coating bath formed by dissolving CrO3, Na2Cr2O7 and NaF in water. The objective is to learn more about growth mechanism on the different microstructural regions of this alloy surface, including the second-phase particles and the alloy matrix.

x-The Effect of Microstructure on the Corrosion Fatigue Property of A7N01P-T4 Aluminum Alloy Welding Joints

CORROSION ◽  
10.5006/2805 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 1229-1236
Author(s):  
Feng Xiao ◽  
Jiangli An ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
P. Li ◽  
Wei Gao
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Corrosion Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Property ◽  
Short Crack ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Second Phase Particles ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Almost All

The corrosion fatigue short crack propagation (CFSCP) behavior of A7N01P-T4 Al alloy welded joints in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution has been investigated. The test results indicate that the CFSCP followed a cyclical type of growth. Microscopic study shows that almost all second-phase particles are distributed along the grain boundary areas. These particles were easily dissolved during the corrosion fatigue test, resulting in weak grain boundaries. Therefore, the fatigue short crack will grow along the winding grain boundaries. While the second-phase particles on the grain boundaries were the main factor to cause the intergranular crack. Transgranular cracking may occur to the coarse grains in the matrix, which indicate that grain size also has a strong influence on the CFSCP behavior of A7N01P-T4 Al alloy.

Friction Stir Processing: A Novel Approach for Microstructure Refinement of Magnesium Alloys

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 1191-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zong Yi Ma ◽  
B.L. Xiao ◽  
J. Yang ◽  
A.H. Feng
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Second Phase Particles ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fine Microstructure ◽  
Higher Temperature

In this article, recent investigations on magnesium alloys by friction stir processing (FSP) are addressed. It indicates that remarkable grain refinement and breakup/dissolution of second-phase particles could be achieved simultaneously by FSP. High values of superplastic elongation were achieved in the FSP magnesium alloys at a wide range of strain rates and temperatures. The pinning of heat resistant particles on the grain boundaries in Mg-RE alloys stabilized the fine microstructure, leading to the occurrence of superplasticity at higher temperature and higher strain rate.

Surface Layer Modification of 6061 Al Alloy by Friction Stir Processing and Second Phase Hard Particles for Improved Friction and Wear Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cinta Lorenzo-Martin ◽  
Oyelayo O. Ajayi
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Hard Particles ◽  
B4c Particles ◽  
6061 Al Alloy ◽  
B4c Particle

This paper presents the results of the study on mechanical and tribological performance enhancement of 6061 aluminum alloys by incorporation of B4C particle via friction stir processing (FSP). The incorporation of B4C particles reduced friction by 30% and reduced wear by two orders of magnitude compared to unprocessed base material. FSP alone without particles addition did not have a significant effect on the tribological behavior of the aluminum alloy studied.

Microstructural evolution and corrosion behaviour of friction stir-processed QE22 magnesium alloy

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankur Kumar ◽  
F. Khan MD ◽  
Sushanta Kumar Panigrahi ◽  
Gajanan P. Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Galvanic Corrosion ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Ultrafine Grained ◽  
Second Phase Particles ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Matrix

Abstract Effect of microstructural changes after friction stir processing (FSP) on the corrosion behaviour of rare earth containing QE22 magnesium alloy is studied. FSP produced ultrafine-grained α-Mg matrix and refined the Mg12Nd precipitates whereas Mg12Nd2Ag precipitates got dissolved in the matrix. Although its hardness increased from 76 to 90 VHN, the FSPed alloy displayed inferior corrosion resistance in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. This is attributed mainly to the iron contamination from FSP and presence of refined second phase particles which work as active cathodic sites. The role of distributed Mg12Nd precipitates before and after FSP is analysed from micro galvanic corrosion point of view.

Microstructural Evolution of Body-Centred Cubic Fe-Al Alloy by Friction Stir Processing with SiC Particles Addition

2016 ◽  
Vol 838-839 ◽  
pp. 326-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Nagaoka ◽  
Yoshihisa Kimoto ◽  
Hiroyuki Watanabe ◽  
Masao Fukusumi ◽  
Yoshiaki Morisada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Ferrite Matrix ◽  
Stir Zone ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Alloy Plate ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Dispersed Particles ◽  
Sic Particles ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
The Matrix

The surface of body-centred cubic Fe-7Al (mass%) alloy plate was successfully modified by friction stir processing with SiC particles addition. The stir zone with SiC addition had an average grain size of 5.9 μm, smaller than that of 10.1 μm in the stir zone without SiC addition. SiC particles introduced by friction stir processing were converted to fine Fe3AlCx particles by reaction with the ferrite matrix. The hardness near the surface of the stir zone was significantly increased to 351 HV by introduction of particles, compared to the hardness of 200 HV in the stir zone without particles addition. The dispersed particles also contributed to suppression of grain growth of the matrix at elevated temperature.

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