Antimicrobial Activity of Chlorhexidine against Multi-Species Biofilm Formation

2017 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 237-242
Author(s):  
Ana Lucia do Amaral Escada ◽  
Cristiane Aparecida Pereira ◽  
Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge ◽  
Ana Paula Rosifini Alves Claro
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Physiological Solution ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Selective Agar ◽  
Microbial Suspension ◽  
Scanning Electron

In the present work, the efficacy of the Ti–7.5Mo alloy nanotube and Ti–7.5Mo alloy nanotube with chlorhexidine against bacterial biofilm formation was evaluated. Nanotubes were processed using anodization in 0.25% NH4F electrolyte solution. Biofilms were cultured in discs immersed in sterile brain heart infusion broth (BHI) containing 5% sucrose, inoculated with microbial suspension (106 cells/ml) and incubated for 5 days. Next, the discs were placed in tubes with sterile physiological solution 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) and sonicated to disperse the biofilms. Tenfold serial dilutions were carried and aliquots seeded in selective agar, which were then incubated for 48 h. Then, the numbers CFU/ml (log 10) were counted and analyzed statistically. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on discs with biofilms groups and contact angle was carried out. The results show that there is no difference in bacterial adhesion between of the Ti–7.5Mo alloy nanotube and Ti–7.5Mo alloy nanotube with chlorhexidine.

scholarly journals Efficacy of a silver colloidal gel against selected oral bacteria in vitro

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Phat L. Tran ◽  
Keaton Luth ◽  
James Wang ◽  
Coby Ray ◽  
Anselm de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Plaque Formation ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Colloidal Silver ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Scanning Electron

Background:It is necessary to develop new strategies to protect against bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis, andStreptococcus salivarius, which contribute to tooth decay and plaque formation. Our current study investigated the efficacy of a colloidal silver gel in inhibiting biofilm formation by these principal oral bacteria, in vitro. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a colloidal silver gel formulation for inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation (Ag-gel) by the principal bacteria that cause plaque formation and tooth decay.Methods:The effect of Ag-gel on viability ofS. mutans,S. sanguis,and S. salivariuswas assessed by quantifying their colony forming units (CFU) in presence or absence of the test gel. The effect of this formulation on biofilm-forming ability of these bacteria was studied through scanning electron microscopy.Results:Using the CFU assays, over 6 logs of inhibition (100%) were found forS. mutans,S. sanguis, andS. salivariusfor the Ag-gel-treated bacteria when compared with the control gel. In addition, the Ag-gel also inhibited biofilm formation by these three bacteria mixed together. These results were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy.Conclusions:The Ag-gel was effective in preventing biofilm formation byS. mutans, S. sanguis, and S. salivarius. This Ag-gel should be tested for the ability to block plaque formation in the mouth, through its use as a tooth paste.

scholarly journals Assessment of Salmonella spp. Attachment to Reusable Plastic Containers Based on Scanning Electron Microscopy and BAX® PCR

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 166 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Clayborn ◽  
Jacquelyn Adams ◽  
Christopher A. Baker ◽  
Steven C. Ricke
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Industrial Settings ◽  
Plastic Containers ◽  
Scanning Electron

<p>Reusable Plastic Containers (RPC) coupons were used to determine the ability of <em>Salmonella </em>spp. to adhere and form potential biofilms on commercial RPCs. Attachment of <em>Salmonella</em> serovars Kentucky, Newport, Enteriditis, Heidelberg, and Typhimurium was evaluated. The RPC coupons served as a platform for generating biofilms of these microorganisms. Following biofilm formation on the RPC coupons, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to examine the coupons for bacterial presence. Additionally, the RPC coupons were subjected to a bacterial biofilm growth process and were subsequently sanitized using methods and sanitizing agents that are commonplace in commercial and industrial settings. Lastly, the RPC coupons were exposed to a bacterial biofilm growth process and swabbed using methods that closely mimic scrubbing actions performed during sanitation processes typically used in commercial and industrial settings. In all cases based on SEM assessment, bacteria not only attached to the RPC, but also could not be dislodged by the sanitizers or physical scrubbing that was applied.</p>

The Role of Biofilm Formation in Percutaneous Kirschner-Wire Fixation of Radial Fractures

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. HARGREAVES ◽  
A. PAJKOS ◽  
A. K. DEVA ◽  
K. VICKERY ◽  
S. L. FILAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fracture Fixation ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Kirschner Wire ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study examines the formation of bacterial biofilms on percutaneous wires used for fracture fixation. Twelve control (clinically uninfected) wires and ten infected wires were collected and examined using broth culture and scanning electron microscopy. Three of the 12 control wires grew Staphylococcus spp. with very low bacterial counts in their percutaneous portions. In the clinically infected wires, six wires in four subjects had positive cultures in their percutaneous portions and four of these also had positive cultures in their deep portions with much higher bacterial counts than the controls. In two patients (four wires) treated with antibiotics, cultures were negative except for the percutaneous portion of one wire. Scanning electron microscopy did not reveal bacterial biofilm formation, but biological deposit without bacteria was noted on most wires. During the 6 weeks of fracture fixation, some bacterial colonization of wires occurred, but bacteria did not form biofilms which may increase bacterial resistance to systemic antibiotics, cause implant loosening and act as a source of late infection.

Biological Evaluation of Selected 1,2,3-triazole Derivatives as Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 2186-2191
Author(s):  
Lialyz Soares Pereira André ◽  
Renata Freire Alves Pereira ◽  
Felipe Ramos Pinheiro ◽  
Aislan Cristina Rheder Fagundes Pascoal ◽  
Vitor Francisco Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Community Environments ◽  
Scanning Electron

Background: Resistance to antimicrobial agents is a major public health problem, being Staphylococcus aureus prevalent in infections in hospital and community environments and, admittedly, related to biofilm formation in biotic and abiotic surfaces. Biofilms form a complex and structured community of microorganisms surrounded by an extracellular matrix adhering to each other and to a surface that gives them even more protection from and resistance against the action of antimicrobial agents, as well as against host defenses. Methods: Aiming to control and solve these problems, our study sought to evaluate the action of 1,2,3- triazoles against a Staphylococcus aureus isolate in planktonic and in the biofilm form, evaluating the activity of this triazole through Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) tests. We have also performed cytotoxic evaluation and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of the biofilms under the treatment of the compound. The 1,2,3-triazole DAN 49 showed bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity (MIC and MBC 128 μg/mL). In addition, its presence interfered with the biofilm formation stage (1/2 MIC, p <0.000001) and demonstrated an effect on young preformed biofilm (2 MICs, p <0.05). Results: Scanning Electron Microscopy images showed a reduction in the cell population and the appearance of deformations on the surface of some bacteria in the biofilm under treatment with the compound. Conclusion: Therefore, it was possible to conclude the promising anti-biofilm potential of 1,2,3-triazole, demonstrating the importance of the synthesis of new compounds with biological activity.

scholarly journals Intraocular lens biofilm formation supported by scanning electron microscopy imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 1708
Author(s):  
Dipankar Das ◽  
Harsha Bhattacharjee ◽  
Krishna Gogoi ◽  
JayantaK Das ◽  
Puneet Misra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Intraocular Lens ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Microscopy Imaging ◽  
Scanning Electron

scholarly journals Suppressive Effects of Hainosan (Painongsan) against Biofilm Production by Streptococcus mutans

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Masaaki Minami ◽  
Hiroshi Takase ◽  
Masayo Taira ◽  
Toshiaki Makino
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Confocal Laser Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Laser Microscopy ◽  
Dental Plaques ◽  
Scanning Electron

Streptococcus mutans, a bacterium that causes dental plaques, forms a biofilm on tooth surfaces. This biofilm can cause gingivitis by stimulating the gingival margin. However, there is no established treatment for biofilm removal. Hainosan (Painongsan), a traditional Japanese Kampo formula, has been used to treat gingivitis. Therefore, we investigated the biofilm suppressive effects of the hainosan extract (HNS) and its components on S. mutans. We conducted scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser microscopy analyses to clarify the anti-biofilm activities of HNS and its crude drugs. We also performed a quantitative RT-PCR assay to assess the biofilm-related gene expression. HNS showed a significant dose-dependent suppressive effect on biofilm formation. Both the scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser microscopy analyses also revealed the significant inhibitory effects of the extract on biofilm formation. Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that HNS disrupted the surface of the bacterial wall. Furthermore, HNS reduced the hydrophobicity of the bacteria, and suppressed the mRNA expression of β-glucosyltransferase (gtfB), glucosyltransferase-SI (gtfC), and fructosyltransferase (ftf). Among the constituents of hainosan, the extract of the root of Platycodon grandiflorum (PG) showed the strongest biofilm suppression effect. Platycodin D, one of the constituent natural compounds of PG, inhibited S. mutans-associated biofilm. These findings indicate that hainosan eliminates dental plaques by suppressing biofilm formation by S. mutans.

Influence of Titanium Alloying Element Substrata on Bacterial Adhesion

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 992-995
Author(s):  
Kun Mediaswanti ◽  
Vi Khanh Truong ◽  
Jafar Hasan ◽  
Elena P. Ivanova ◽  
Francois Malherbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Alloying Element ◽  
Bacteria Adhesion ◽  
Scanning Electron

Titanium and titanium alloys have been widely employed in many load-bearing orthopaedic applications due to their excellent strength and corrosion resistance. However, postimplantation infections might occur even though considerable studies have been made. Choosing a bio-friendly alloying element is one way to reduce infection risk. The aim of this study is to evaluate the extent of bacterial attachment on titanium, tantalum, niobium and tin surfaces. Two pathogenic bacterial strains, namely Staphylococcus aureus CIP 65.8T and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, were used in this study. Quantification of bacterial attachment was performed using scanning electron microscopy. Results indicated that the surface chemistry and topography of the investigated materials significantly influence the degree of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus adhesion; however, surface wettability did not show a significant impact upon bacterial retention. In this study, tin was shown to be the most attractive material for bacteria adhesion but tantalum limits the bacterial adhesion. Therefore, it is suggested to limit the amount of tin as an titanium alloying element due to its nature to attract P. aeruginosa and S. aureus adhesion.

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