Analysis of a Broken Pin on the Brake System of a Car Trailer

2018 ◽  
Vol 919 ◽  
pp. 420-427
Author(s):  
Marián Hazlinger ◽  
Roman Moravčík ◽  
Jana Moravčíková ◽  
Daynier Rolando Delgado Sobrino
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Damage Analysis ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Dimension Measurement ◽  
Fatigue Of Materials ◽  
Corrosion Defects ◽  
Independent Parameters ◽  
Mutually Independent

Fatigue of materials is the degradation process that results from the cyclical dynamic loading of components in combination with other internal or external factors, e.g. corrosion, defects, etc. This paper mainly focuses on the analysis of the causes leading to the damage of a pin in a car trailer´s braking system. The damage of the pin was caused by a few, mutually independent, parameters. Several techniques such as macroscopy, microscopy (light, SEM) and dimension measurement were used for the damage analysis. The material and geometry of the pin were the main issues identified leading to the failure of the part in question.

Parameters of Poor Pronoun Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 706-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Harbour
Keyword(s):  
The Rich ◽  
Independent Parameters ◽  
Mutually Independent

The world’s smallest pronoun systems can eschew any of the following contrasts: (a) author-nonauthor, (b) participant-nonparticipant, (c) singular-nonsingular. This supports the view that features are mutually independent parameters ( Harbour 2011a , 2014a , 2016 ), but is problematic for Koeneman and Zeijlstra’s (2014) reworking of the Rich Agreement Hypothesis, which is predicated on the claim that (a)–(c) are universally obligatory. The facts necessitate revision of Koeneman and Zeijlstra’s proposal.

Analysis of the Dynamic Behaviour of a Railway Track in Transition Zones With Differential Settlement

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Wang ◽  
V. L. Markine ◽  
I. Y. Shevtsov ◽  
R. Dollevoet
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Process ◽  
Differential Settlement ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Explicit Integration ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Track Geometry ◽  
Vertical Stiffness ◽  
Transition Zones ◽  
Internal And External Factors

Transition zones in railway tracks are locations with considerable changes in the vertical stiffness of the rail support. Typically they are located near engineering structures, such as bridges, culverts and tunnels. In such locations, the vertical stiffness of the track support varies, resulting in amplification of the dynamic forces acting on the track, which ultimately leads to deterioration of the vertical track geometry. Also, differential settlement of the track sub-structure on both sides of the transition contributes to the deterioration of the vertical geometry. The deterioration process accelerates with increase of the operational velocities of the passing trains. Finally, all these result in increase of the maintenance efforts on correction of the track geometry in the transition zones. To analyze the dynamic behavior of transition zones due to the differential settlement, a finite element dynamic model (using explicit integration) of a track transition zone is developed. The model is also accounting for the effect of hanging sleepers. The model is verified against the measurement results performed using the Video Gauge System (VGS). With the developed model, the differential settlement of ballast and soil has been introduced and the effects of this settlement on performance of the track are analyzed. The resulting wheel forces and the dynamic responses of the track components are obtained and analyzed. Special attention has been paid on the stresses of ballast, which is one of the most vulnerable track components in the transition zones. Finally, conclusions on the effect of the various internal and external factors on the degradation process of the track in transition zones are drawn. With the developed model, the differential settlement of ballast and soil is induced and hence, the effects of the differential settlements can be analysed. The contact forces of wheel-rail interaction and the dynamic response of track components are obtained and analysed. Special attention has been paid on the stresses of ballast which are one of the most vulnerable components in the track transition zones. Finally, conclusions on the effect of the various internal and external factors on the degradation process of the track in transition zones are drawn.

scholarly journals Poor pronoun systems and what they teach us

Nordlyd ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Harbour
Keyword(s):  
Title Page ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Independent Parameters ◽  
Mutually Independent

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>The world’s smallest pronoun systems can eschew any of the following contrasts: (i) author–nonauthor, (ii) participant–nonparticipant, (iii) singular–nonsingular. This supports the view that features are mutually independent parameters (Harbour 2011a, 2014a, 2014b), but is problematic for Koeneman and Zeijlstra’s (2014) recent reworking of the Rich Agreement Hypothesis, which is predicated on the claim that (i)–(iii) are universally obligatory. </span></p></div></div></div>

Multi-Scale Damage Analysis on Fatigue-Creep Process in Industrial Steel Structures

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huajing Guo ◽  
Zhaoxia Li
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fatigue Damage ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Creep Damage ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Creep Process ◽  
Damage Analysis ◽  
Multi Scale

Abstract Fatigue-creep damage has been recognized as the elemental cause of failure of industrial steel structures exposed to high temperature. In order to better understand the degradation process, a previously developed multi-scale fatigue-creep damage is applied to evaluate the structural damage due to fatigue and creep process. In the model, the relationship between collective behavior of micro-cracks and fatigue damage variable was established and the nonlinear coupling of fatigue damage and creep damage was taken into consideration. Fatigue-creep damage analysis on a series of existing key connection shafts in industrial steel structures at high temperature are performed under different working condition and their lifetime are predicted based on the numerical calculation on the accumulated fatigue-creep damage up to structural failure. The numerical results indicate that the early stage of degeneration process is dominated by creep damage and the fatigue damage rate increases quickly at the later stage. The fatigue-creep lifetime of industrial steel structures varies significantly with different applied stress level and working temperature.

Plasticity and damage analysis of metal foams under dynamic loading

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 356-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. B. da Cunda ◽  
B. F. Oliveira ◽  
G. J. Creus
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
Metal Foams ◽  
Damage Analysis

Techniques For The Preparation of Tissue Samples Containing Injectable Polymer Microcapsules

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 710-711
Author(s):  
G.E. Visscher ◽  
R. L. Robison ◽  
G. J. Argentieri
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Tissue Reaction ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Injectable Polymer ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

The use of various bioerodable polymers as drug delivery systems has gained considerable interest in recent years. Among some of the shapes used as delivery systems are films, rods and microcapsules. The work presented here will deal with the techniques we have utilized for the analysis of the tissue reaction to and actual biodegradation of injectable microcapsules. This work has utilized light microscopic (LM), transmission (TEM) and scanning (SEM) electron microscopic techniques. The design of our studies has utilized methodology that would; 1. best characterize the actual degradation process without artifacts introduced by fixation procedures and 2. allow for reproducible results.In our studies, the gastrocnemius muscle of the rat was chosen as the injection site. Prior to the injection of microcapsules the skin above the sites was shaved and tattooed for later recognition and recovery. 1.0 cc syringes were loaded with the desired quantity of microcapsules and the vehicle (0.5% hydroxypropylmethycellulose) drawn up. The syringes were agitated to suspend the microcapsules in the injection vehicle.

Interactive Experience and Identification as Predictors of Attributing Responsibility in Video Games

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15
Author(s):  
Nathan Walter ◽  
Yariv Tsfati
Keyword(s):  
Video Game ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Theoretical Expectation ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Attribution Of Responsibility ◽  
Attributions Of Responsibility ◽  
Violent Video Game ◽  
Grand Theft Auto Iv ◽  
Interactive Experience

Abstract. This study examines the effect of interactivity on the attribution of responsibility for the character’s actions in a violent video game. Through an experiment, we tested the hypothesis that identification with the main character in Grand Theft Auto IV mediates the effect of interactivity on attributions of responsibility for the main character’s antisocial behavior. Using the framework of the fundamental attribution error, we demonstrated that those who actually played the game, as opposed to those who simply watched someone else playing it, identified with the main character. In accordance with the theoretical expectation, those who played the game and came to identify with the main character attributed the responsibility for his actions to external factors such as “living in a violent society.” By contrast, those who did not interact with the game attributed responsibility for the character’s actions to his personality traits. These findings could be viewed as contrasting with psychological research suggesting that respondents should have distanced themselves from the violent protagonist rather than identifying with him, and with Iyengar’s (1991) expectation that more personalized episodic framing would be associated with attributing responsibility to the protagonist.

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