Duckweed control with over-the-top application of pelargonic acid

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
Charles L. Webber III
Keyword(s):  
Pelargonic Acid ◽  
Over The Top

An in vitro Comparison of Two Replacement Techniques Utilizing Fascia Lata after Cranial Cruciate Ligament Transection in the Dog

1993 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Coetzee
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Fascia Lata ◽  
Patellar Ligament ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Replacement Technique ◽  
Over The Top

SummaryThe immediate postoperative biomechanical properties of an “underand-over” cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) replacement technique consisting of fascia lata and the lateral onethird of the patellar ligament, were compared with that of a modified intra- and extracapsular “under-and-over-the-top” (UOTT) method. The right CCL in twelve adult dogs was dissected out and replaced with an autograft. The contralateral, intact CCL served as the control. In group A, the graft was secured to the lateral femoral condyle with a spiked washer and screw. In group B the intracapsular graft was secured to the lateral femoro-fabellar ligament, and the remainder to the patellar tendon. Both CCL replacement techniques exhibited a 2.0 ± 0.5 mm anterior drawer immediately after the operation. After skeletonization of the stifles, the length and cross-sectional area of the intact CCL and CCL substitutes were determined. Each bone-ligament unit was tested in linear tension to failure at a fixed distraction rate of 15 mm/s with the stifle in 120° flexion. Data was processed to obtain the corresponding material parameters (modulus, stress and strain in the linear loading region, and energy absorption to maximum load).The immediate postoperative structural and material properties of the “under-and-over” cranial cruciate ligament replacement technique with autogenous fascia lata, were compared to that of a modified intra- and extracapsular “under-and-over-the-top” (UOTT) method. The combined UOT T technique was slightly stronger (6%), but allowed 2.8 ± 0.9 mm more cranial tibial displacement at maximum linear force.

Techniques for Greenhouse Evaluation of Herbicides on Saltcedar

Weed Science ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.C. Quimby ◽  
E.B. Hollingsworth ◽  
R.L. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Root Zone ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Field Methods ◽  
Limited Efficacy ◽  
Greenhouse Evaluation ◽  
Soil Layering ◽  
Application Techniques ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Over The Top ◽  
Pot Plant

Subirrigated pot-plant systems were developed for greenhouse simulations of field methods being tested for herbicidal control of saltcedar (Tamarix pentandraPall.). The methods included: over-the-top spraying; soil injection; soil layering, with whole plants transplanted onto the herbicide layer; and soil layering by severing the roots and concomitantly injecting herbicide. Existing foliar application techniques were improved for greenhouse testing of herbicides and results from preliminary tests were apparently similar to literature reports of limited efficacy in the field. Preliminary results from these greenhouse techniques showed that root zone applications, either by soil layering or soil injection, were very effective; stem or foliar applications were less effective.

scholarly journals Performance analysis of a novel integrated photovoltaic–thermal system by top-surface forced circulation of water

Clean Energy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Arman Arefin ◽  
Mohammad Towhidul Islam ◽  
Mohammad Zunaed ◽  
Khodadad Mostakim
Keyword(s):  
No Value ◽  
Forced Circulation ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Photovoltaic Thermal System ◽  
Energy And Exergy ◽  
Energy And Exergy Analysis ◽  
Mass Flow Rates ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over The Top

Abstract Almost 80–90% of energy is wasted as heat (provides no value) in a photovoltaic (PV) panel. An integrated photovoltaic–thermal (PVT) system can utilize this energy and produce electricity simultaneously. In this research, through energy and exergy analysis, a novel design and methodology of a PVT system are studied and validated. Unlike the common methods, here the collector is located outside the PV panel and connected with pipes. Water passes over the top of the panel and then is forced to the collector by a pump. The effects of different water-mass flow rates on the PV panel and collector, individual and overall efficiency, mass loss, exergetic efficiency are examined experimentally. Results show that the overall efficiency of the system is around five times higher than the individual PV-panel efficiency. The forced circulation of water dropped the panel temperature and increased the panel efficiency by 0.8–1% and exergy by 0.6–1%, where the overall energy efficiency was ~81%.

Is Over the Top Video Platform the Game Changer over Traditional TV Channels in India? A Niche Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1326365X2110096
Author(s):  
Hashim Hamza Puthiyakath ◽  
Manash Pratim Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Video Streaming ◽  
Consumer Satisfaction ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Niche Theory ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Degree Of Satisfaction ◽  
Over The Top ◽  
Game Changer

Since the outbreak of COVID-19 and the consequent national lockdown, the usage of over the top (OTT) platforms has significantly increased in India. The growing popularity of video streaming has made a substantial impact on the traditional TV channels during pandemic times. The purpose of this study is to examine the competition, coexistence and competitive superiority of OTT and TV in providing consumer satisfaction. The study adopted the niche theory to empirically measure the degree of gratification fulfilled by OTT and TV, the similarity between OTT and TV and the competitive superiority of OTT and TV across seven micro-dimensions of gratification. The data for the study has been gathered from 223 online users across India. The results of the study reflect that OTT provides a higher degree of satisfaction across all seven dimensions of gratification with the greatest difference manifested in the convenience dimension. The niche overlap measures indicated that the highest level of similarity between TV and OTT is in providing gratification in the relaxation dimension, whereas the least similarity was observed in the convenience dimensions. The competitive superiority of OTT surpassed TV in all dimensions with the greatest difference manifested in relaxation.

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