EFFECTS OF THE CHEMOSTERILANT THIOTEPA ON THE SEXUPARAE AND SEXUALES OF THE PEA APHID, ACYRTHOSIPHON PISUM (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE)

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-217
Author(s):  
M. L. Sharma ◽  
L. M. Thériault
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Brevicoryne Brassicae ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Partial Sterility

Several chemosterilants have been tested against insects (Borkovec 1966). As a result, a total or partial sterility and decrease in fecundity have been noticed in several insects. Amongst Aphididae, Brevicoryne brassicae L., Myzus persicae Sulzer, Aphis fabae Scop., Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas, and Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) have been tested to determine the effects of chemosterilants like tepa, thiotepa, and metepa (Bonnemaison 1966; Bhalla and Robinson 1966, 1968; Chawla et al. 1973, 1974; Sharma et al. 1980; Steffan and Stüben 1976). In all previous work, either viviparae or their nymphal instars were the object of chemosterilant treatment and up to 95% reduction in fecundity was observed. Nothing to date has been described on the effect of chemosterilants on the sexuparae or sexuales of Aphididae. To continue with the results obtained by Sharma and Thériault (1980) and Sharma et al. (1980) on the viviparae, this paper describes the effects of 0.5% thiotepa [Tris (1-aziridinyl) phosphine sulphide] on sexuparae of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), and their progeny.

scholarly journals Plum Pox in North America: Identification of Aphid Vectors and a Potential Role for Fruit in Virus Spread

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 868-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Gildow ◽  
Vern Damsteegt ◽  
Andrew Stone ◽  
William Schneider ◽  
Douglas Luster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Plum Pox Virus ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Metopolophium Dirhodum ◽  
Aphid Vectors

Thirteen aphid species were tested for their ability to transmit Pennsylvania isolates of Plum pox virus (PPV) collected in Columbia (PENN-3), Franklin (PENN-4), and York (PENN-7) Counties, PA. Four species, Aphis fabae, A. spiraecola, Brachycaudus persicae, and Myzus persicae, consistently transmitted PPV in preliminary transmission tests. Two species, Metopolophium dirhodum and Rhopalosiphum padi, were occasional inefficient vectors. Toxoptera citricida, from Florida, also was an effective vector but it does not occur in major stone-fruit-growing states. Species not transmitting PPV in parallel tests included Acyrthosiphon pisum, Aphis glycines, Aulacorthum solani, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Rhopalosiphum maidis, and Sitobion avenae. When given a 3-day probing access period simultaneously on PPV-infected peach seedlings and healthy peach seedlings, Myzus persicae, Aphis spiraecola, A. fabae, and B. persicae transmitted PPV to 63, 31, 38, and 32% of the healthy peach seedlings, respectively. When given a similar probing period on PPV-infected peach fruit and healthy peach seedlings, the same aphid species transmitted PPV to 50, 35, 0, and 0% of seedlings, respectively. Results support the hypothesis of secondary PPV spread by indigenous aphids in Pennsylvania, and suggest that PPV-infected fruit has the potential to function as a virus source for long-distance dispersal.

scholarly journals AFIDOS (HOMOPTERA:APHIDAE) DEL VALLE DE CAÑETE (LIMA - PERU)

Biotempo ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Menandro S. Ortiz ◽  
Carmen L. León
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Brevicoryne Brassicae ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Toxoptera Aurantii ◽  
Tuberolachnus Salignus

Se han identificado las siguientes especies procedentes del valle de cañete : Aphis citicola, A.craccivora, A. fabae, A.gossypii, Brevicoryne,brassicae, Lypaphis erysimi Macrosiphum euphorbiae, M. rosae, Myzus persicae, Riopalosiphum maidis, R. padi, toxoptera aurantii, T. citricidus y tuberolachnus salignus Todos los áfidos identificados representan especies de importancia económica, excepto el último.

scholarly journals Diversity of aphid pests on the crops in Kanchanpur district, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Mahadev Bista
Keyword(s):  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Maidis ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Macrosiphum Rosae ◽  
Different Parts

A survey was conducted to explore the aphid pests’ diversity in Kanchanpur district, far-western, Nepal from April 2018 to March 2019. A total of 15 aphid pests were collected and identified, viz. Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), Aphis craccivora (Koch), Aphis gossypii (Glover), Aphis fabae (Scopoli), Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe, Brevicoryne brassicae (Linnaeus), Lipaphis erysmi (Kaltenbach), Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), Macrosiphum rosae (Linnaeus), Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch), Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus), Rhopalosiphum rufiadominale (Sasaki), Uroleucon compositae (Theobald), and the guava aphid. Exploration of aphid pests showed that they caused serious damages to agricultural crops by attacking different parts of plants.

Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) populations and the incidence of virus yellows on insecticide-free sugarbeet in south-eastern England in 1978-81

1987 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Thornhill ◽  
G. D. Heathcote
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Annual Variation ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
Syrphid Larvae ◽  
Aphid Populations

AbstractThe populations of the most common aphid species on sugarbeet, and their principal predators, were monitored on insecticide-free study areas of the crop in south-eastern England in 1978–81. The peak populations of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) varied considerably in size from year to year and were related to the severity of the previous winter. Those of Aphis fabae fabae Scopoli, which occurred slightly later in the season, also varied greatly in size but were not strongly linked to winter temperatures. The sizes of the peak populations of Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) were similar each year. The annual variation in the level of infection by virus yellows reflected the peak populations of Myzus persicae and not those of the other aphid species. Coccinellids first appeared in the sugarbeet each year in mid-late June, as the aphid populations were developing, and their peak populations did not vary greatly from year to year. Syrphid larvae appeared later in the season than coccinellids, and their numbers seemed closely linked to those of A. f. fabae. Anystid mites were observed on most count dates in all years. The implications of the findings of the study for control of aphids and virus yellows are discussed.

scholarly journals Fluctuación Poblacional de Áfidos Alados en Dos Localidades Productoras de Papa en el Estado Mérida, Venezuela

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Niño ◽  
Mario CermeIi ◽  
Felipe Becerra ◽  
Morelia Flores
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Brevicoryne Brassicae ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae

La identificación y el estudio poblacional de áfidos alados, capturados en trampas amarillas en dos localidades productoras de papa del estado Mérida, se realizó desde 1988 hasta 1991. En Mucuchíes a 3,100 metros de altitud, se colectaron 20 especies y un total de 7,298 ejemplares, con una mayor población de áfidos alados en la época seca. La especie más abundante fue Brevicoryne brassicae con un 77% del total capturado, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (7.92%), Hyperomyzus lactuace (4.93%) y Myzus persicae (4.55%). En Mucubají a 3,500 metros de altitud, fue muy escasa la actividad de los áfidos alados, se encontró 7 especies y se colectaron un total de 119 especímenes. Se presenta la fluctuación poblacional del total de áfidos alados y de los áfidos vectores de virus de la papa, especialmente Myzus persicae, en ambas localidades. 

APHID SURVIVAL AT LOW TEMPERATURES

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 951-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean B. Adams
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Cold Resistance ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Brevicoryne Brassicae ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽  
Aphis Nasturtii

The survival of aphids after different periods of exposure to temperatures of −20° F, 0° F, 10° F, 26° F, and 28° F was examined. None of the nine species, Aulacorthum solani (Kltb.), Myzus ornatus Laing, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thos.), Myzus persicae (Sulz.), Aphis gossypii Glover, Rhopalosiphum padi L., Macrosiphum avenae (Fab.), Myzus lythri (Schrank), and Brevicoryne brassicae L., held at −20° or 0°, survived exposures of even 4 hours; at 10°, 1% of only M. ornatus, M. euphorbiae, and M. persicae survived after 4 hours. Two species, M. ornatus and M. euphorbiae, were examined at 26°; at this temperature more than 50% of both species survived for more than 350 hours. At 28°, five species from greenhouse and field collections survived to the 50% level for the following periods: M. ornatus, 400 hours; M. persicae, 600 hours; Aphis nasturtii Kltb., 675 hours; M. euphorbiae, 700 hours; and Nearctaphis bakeri Cowan, 1300 hours. Collections of "conditioned" M. persicae from outdoors showed an increase in resistance to cold with survival at the 50% level rising from about 300 hours to about 700 hours between July and September. However, survival after 1000 hours did not differ significantly. It is concluded that at least M. persicae and N. bakeri have the potential cold resistance to survive New Brunswick winters in the viviparous state.

Мониторинг динамики численности и видового состава тлей-переносчиков Y-вируса в условиях опытного поля Ленинградского НИИСХ «Белогорка»

2016 ◽  
pp. 2-5
Author(s):  
Тамара Алексеевна Шелабина ◽  
С. А. Завьялова
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Aphis Nasturtii

Наблюдения за динамикой численности летающей генерации тлей показали, что миграция их на картофель начиналась в 1-й (2014 г.) и 2-й (2015 г.) декадах июня. Интенсивный лет в оба года отмечали в 3-й декаде июня. Пик численности приходился на первую декаду июля, когда количество крылатых тлей на один ловчий сосуд Мерике составляло в 2014 г. 80 экз., в 2015 г. — 70 экз. В составе мигрирующей генерации тлей на картофеле встречались крылатые мигранты 21 вида, среди которых доля эффективных и важных векторов передачи Y-вируса (YBK) составляла в 2014 г. 36,3 %, в 2015 г. — 34,7 % от общего числа зарегистрированных. Основными векторами передачи Y-вируса являлись: Acyrthosiphum pisum Harr., Aphis fabae Scop., Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas, Myzus persicae Sulz, Rhopalosiphum insertum, Aphis nasturtii Kalt, Rhopolasiphum padi. Исходя из проведенных наблюдений за динамикой лета тлей скорректированы сроки проведения обработок инсектицидами оригинального картофеля. С учетом динамики численности лета крылатых тлей изменены и сроки сжигания ботвы на более ранние. Сжигание ботвы Реглон Супер (2 л/га) выполнено 25.07.2014 г. и 27.07.2015 г. на раннем сорте Ломоносовский и 30.07.2014 г. и 02.08.2015 г. на среднераннем сорте Чародей. Ранние профилактические обработки инсектицидами и ранние сроки сжигания ботвы позволили снизить скрытую зараженность в питомниках отбора клонов у сорта Чародей по MBK с 15,8 до 4,4 %, по YBK — с 3,0 до 0 %, у сорта Ломоносовский по MBK — с 13,6 до 3,6 %, по YBK — с 2,0 до 0 %.

The influence of natural enemies on wing induction in Aphis fabae and Megoura viciae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kunert ◽  
K. Schmoock-Ortlepp ◽  
U. Reissmann ◽  
S. Creutzburg ◽  
W.W. Weisser
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Chrysoperla Carnea ◽  
Cotton Aphid ◽  
Aphid Density ◽  
Megoura Viciae

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that the aphid species, Aphis fabae Scopoli and Megoura viciae Buckton, do not produce winged offspring in the presence of natural enemies, in contrast to results for the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)) and the cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover); but these studies did not involve exposing aphids directly to natural enemies. We exposed colonies of both A. fabae and M. viciae to foraging lacewing (Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens)) larvae and found that the predators did not induce winged morphs among offspring compared to unexposed controls. Colonies of A. fabae responded to an increase in aphid density with increasing winged morph production, while such response was not found for M. viciae. We suggest that different aphid species differ in their susceptibility to natural enemy attack, as well as in their sensitivity to contact.

EFFECTS OF CONTACT DURATION OF 0.5% THIOTEPA ON THE ADULT VIVIPARAE AND SUBSEQUENT GENERATIONS OF THE PEA APHID, ACYRTHOSIPHON PISUM (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE)

1980 ◽  
Vol 112 (12) ◽  
pp. 1315-1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Sharma ◽  
L. M. Thériault ◽  
A. Gareau
Keyword(s):  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Considerable Reduction ◽  
Contact Duration ◽  
Cabbage Aphid ◽  
Delayed Effects ◽  
The Third

The compound tris (1-aziridinyl) phosphine sulphide, known by the trivial name thiotepa, has been tested against few aphids. Considerable reduction in fecundity occurred due to thiotepa treatment of the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Bonnemaison 1966). In 0.3% thiotepa-treated Aphis fabae Scop. a 90% decrease in reproductive capacity was observed by Steffan and Stüben (1976). Sharma and Thériault (1980) tested 0.5% thiotepa on various nymphal instars of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), and observed up to 83% decrease in fecundity of those treated in first and second instars. The third and fourth instar aphids were much less influenced by thiotepa. The effects of thiotepa on the adult viviparae of the pea aphid are unknown and nothing has been recorded on the transmissibility of thiotepa-caused sterility to progeny. Further to the results of Sharma and Thériault (1980) this paper describes the effects of two contact periods with 0.5% thiotepa on the adult viviparae of A. pisum and delayed effects on subsequent generations.

scholarly journals Intron-Containing Hairpin RNA Interference Vector for OBP8 Show Promising Mortality in Peach Potato Aphid

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber Afroz ◽  
Safeena Aslam ◽  
Umer Rashid ◽  
Muhammad Faheem Malik ◽  
Nadia Zeeshan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Hairpin Rna ◽  
Multiple Sequence ◽  
Potato Aphid ◽  
Odorant Binding ◽  
Peach Potato Aphid

Abstract Myzus persicae is a devastating pest affecting potato production. RNA Interference technology is used against essential odorant binding protein 8 (OBP8) to enhance protection against Myzus persicae in potato. Gene was isolated, sequenced and GenBank IDs were allotted and ERNAi was used to design siRNA targets from OBP8 with no off-targets. Multiple Sequence Alignment show M. persicae OBP8 resemblance with Acyrthosiphon pisum, Rhopalosiphum maidis, Aphis fabae, and Sitobion avenae. DsRNA (7 µg/µl) oral acquisition had resulted in 69% mortality and 58% reduction in OBP8 expression 8D post dsRNA feeding in comparison to control. Golden Gate (GG) cloning based RNAigg is used for RNA interference taking advantage of type IIs restriction enzyme Eco31I. Agro infiltration assay was used for introduction of intron-containing hairpin RNA (ihpRNA) in Solanum tuberosum. Aphids feeding on transgenic S. tuberosum show 57.6% mortality and 49% reduction in OBP8 expression 8d post-feeding in comparison to control. This work proves OBP8 as promising ihpRNA targets in potato and related crops for whom Myzus is a devastating target.

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