MONITORING POPULATION LEVELS OF EIGHT SPECIES OF NOCTUIDS WITH SEX-ATTRACTANT TRAPS IN SOUTHERN ALBERTA, 1978–1983: CONSISTENCY OF TRAP CATCHES AND PRECISION OF POPULATION ESTIMATES

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (6) ◽  
pp. 557-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Byers ◽  
D.L. Struble ◽  
G.B. Schaalje
Keyword(s):  
Sex Attractant ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Flight Period ◽  
Relative Population ◽  
Peridroma Saucia ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Trap Catches

AbstractSex-attractant traps were used to monitor the relative abundances of eight species of cutworm and army worm moths at 81 locations in a 13 000-km2 (5000-mi2) area of southern Alberta from 1978 to 1983. Clover cutworm (Discestra trifolii (Hufn.)), variegated cutworm (Peridroma saucia (Hbn.)), bertha armyworm (Mamestra configurata Wlk.), and Leucania commoides Gn. were monitored during spring and early summer, and redbacked cutworm (Euxoa ochrogaster (Gn.)), darksided cutworm (Euxoa messoria (Harr.)), pale western cutworm (Agrotis orthogonia Morr.), and army cutworm (Euxoa auxiliaris (Grt.)) during late summer and fall.The ranking of moth catches among locations within years was highly consistent, indicating that the spatial pattern of abundance within the survey area remained stable during each flight period. The corollary is that differences in population levels among locations were being consistently detected. Most of the species also exhibited a considerable degree of consistency of pattern of abundance between consecutive years and to some extent over all years.Estimates of the variability associated with individual traps, between duplicate traps, and among locations were obtained for each species. The within-location variability was always much less than the among-location variability, indicating that a meaningful measure of the relative population level at each location was being obtained. When abundance levels approached economic thresholds the likelihood of moth catches in duplicate traps being within 20% of the mean catch for a location was usually greater than 80%. Year-to-year differences in mean trap catches were frequently significant at the 95% confidence level and the monitoring system could detect relatively small changes in population level between years. Season cumulative trap catches are a composite measure of abundance and the mate-searching activity of males. Weather conditions that restrict male activity are also likely to reduce oviposition by females. Cumulative trap catches may therefore be closely correlated with realized fecundity.

scholarly journals Phenology of Daphnia in a Northern Italy pond during the weather anomalous 2014

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Rossi ◽  
Catia Maurone ◽  
Giorgio Benassi ◽  
Silvia Marková ◽  
Petr Kotlík ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Typical Feature ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Density Peaks ◽  
Temporary Habitats ◽  
Shallow Water Body

<p>This note reports a comparison between <em>Daphnia</em> phenology in the weather anomalous 2014 and a previous three years period (2011-2013), in a shallow water body of Northern Italy (Bodrio del pastore III) where we recorded <em>D. pulex. </em>In 2011-2013, <em>Daphnia</em> population showed 1-2 density peaks from mid spring to early summer, it declined in July-August and did not recover, from ephippia, until the following spring. The seasonal dynamics was probably related to the species thermal tolerance. Males and ephippial females appeared at the beginning of growth season according to a typical feature of <em>Daphnia</em> populations from temporary habitats. The presence of the <em>Chaoborus</em> larvae resulted in juvenile adaptive predator-avoidance cyclomorphosis. In 2014, in the study area, mean winter air temperature was much warmer than average recorded during the past three years while it was much colder than average in July and August. This reflected the relatively rainy and cloudy summer months: the winter and summer precipitations total was above the previous three years average. In 2014, <em>Daphnia</em> was found all over the year and showed a maximum peak of density in November. The general increase of <em>Daphnia</em> was related to a shift in <em>D. pulex</em> population phenology, seasonal growth started earlier and lasted longer, and to the occurrence of <em>D. longispina</em>. Both species were identified by genetic markers and phylogenetic analyses of <em>ND5</em> sequences placed isolates from the Bodrio del pastore III into the European <em>D. pulex </em>group. Both populations reproduced by cyclical parthenogenesis and showed cyclomorphosis. However, <em>D. pulex</em> produced more males and ephippial females than <em>D. longispina. </em>Their seasonal dynamics were quite different: <em>D. longispina</em> dominated in late summer while <em>D. pulex</em> showed the highest density in November. The presence of <em>D. pulex</em> in the Bodrio is important in the framework of conservation ecology especially because we have showed that it is native European strain instead of the invasive North American clone that replaced native <em>D. pulex </em>throughout Africa and was already recorded in Italy. We provide some indications and discuss how <em>Daphnia</em> phenology of shallow lakes of temperate areas may be susceptible to inter-annual variability in weather conditions.</p>

SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIABILITY IN SEX ATTRACTANT TRAP CATCHES OF SCOTOGRAMMA TRIFOLII (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) IN RELATION TO ITS BIOLOGY IN MANITOBA

1982 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Ayre ◽  
W. J. Turnock ◽  
D. L. Struble
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Sex Attractant ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Flight Period ◽  
Crop Type ◽  
By Catch ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Scotogramma Trifolii

AbstractTests of intertrap variability in catches of moths of the clover cutworm, Scotogramma trifolii (Rottenberg), were conducted by placing two traps baited with an artifical sex attractant at 1 mi (1.6 km) intervals to form a grid covering 25 mi2 (64 km2) near Domain, Manitoba. The 50 traps (2/location) placed near the intersects of the grid were baited with a blend of Z-11-hexadecen-1-yl acetate and Z-11-hexadecen-1-ol. This blend was 98.6% species-specific for S. trifolii. Moth catches varied between traps and flights, but the ranking of the traps by catch was consistent during any given flight period. Up to 35 traps would be required within an area of 64 km2 (1 trap/1.8 km2) to give a population estimate within 20% of the true mean. Temperature influenced both the initiation of the flights and the number of moths caught at any given time, but there were no correlations between flights and precipitation or wind. Crop type influenced catches of S. trifolii only when moth populations were large. The catch of second generation moths averaged 9.8× the catch of first generation moths. The consistency of this relationship indicates that the annual differences in population density are controlled by variations in winter survival. The latter was linked to the induction of diapause which is governed by daylength during the larval development of the second generation.

SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIABILITY IN SEX ATTRACTANT TRAP CATCHES OF EUXOA MESSORIA AND E. OCHROGASTER(LEPIDOPTER: NOCTUIDAE) IN RELATION TO THEIR BIOLOGY IN MANITOBA

1982 ◽  
Vol 114 (11) ◽  
pp. 993-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Ayre ◽  
W. J. Turnock ◽  
D. L. Struble
Keyword(s):  
Sex Attractant ◽  
Threshold Temperature ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Flight Period ◽  
Sex Attractants ◽  
Summer Diapause ◽  
Euxoa Messoria ◽  
By Catch ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Trap Catches

AbstractTests of intertrap variability in catches of moths of the darksided and redbacked cutworms, Euxoa messoria (Harris) and E. ochrogaster (Guenée), were conducted by placing two traps for each species baited with synthetic sex attractants at 1.6 km (1 mi) intervals to form a grid covering 64 km2 (25 mi2) near Domain, Manitoba. These sex attractants were 93 and 99.6% species specific for E. messoria and E. ochrogaster respectively. Moth catches varied between traps and flights, but the ranking of the traps by catch for each species was consistent during any given flight period. Variability in intertrap catches of E. messoria indicated the moths were not evenly distributed throughout the test area and consequently a sex-attractant trap system with 1.6 km trap spacing is not suitable for monitoring population levels. For E. ochrogaster four traps within an area of 64 km2 would be required to give a population estimate within 20% of the true mean. The flights of E. messoria are not related to degree days and started abruptly and at the same time each year suggesting that development may be synchronized by the summer diapause of the prepupae. The flights of E. ochrogaster were related to degree day accumulations above a threshold temperature of 12.5 °C. Crops had no apparent influence on the distribution of moth catches for either species.

Studies in the effect of weather conditions on the activity and abundance of insect populations

1961 ◽  
Vol 244 (713) ◽  
pp. 331-378 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Light Trap ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Logarithmic Scale ◽  
Scottish Highlands ◽  
Activity Effect ◽  
The Family ◽  
Insect Populations ◽  
South East England ◽  
Trap Catches

This paper is a statistical analysis of captures of insects every night for over 4 years in traps in a locality in the Scottish Highlands. It should be considered in relation to a similar account of work in south-east England (Williams 1951 a ). From the trap catches (on a logarithmic scale), and meteorological records taken alongside the traps, statistical analyses, chiefly by multiple regressions, were made to show (1) the relation between day to day changes in log catch and corresponding changes in temperature and wind, and (2) the relation between changes in mean log catch in the same month in different years and changes in rainfall and temperature in the three previous months. The former is an activity effect, and the latter a population effect. Details are given for total Diptera, for the bloodsucking flies of the family Simuliidae, and for total Lepidoptera in a light trap, and for total Diptera in a suction trap, this latter for activity only. The results show quantitatively the very high dependance, more so in some groups and at certain seasons, of the activity of insects on the current weather conditions, and of the population level on the previous weather. A fuller summary is included in the paper, pp. 367 to 369.

MONITORING POPULATION LEVELS OF EIGHT SPECIES OF NOCTUIDS WITH SEX-ATTRACTANT TRAPS IN SOUTHERN ALBERTA, 1978–1983: CONGRUENCY OF YEAR-TO-YEAR FLUCTUATIONS IN INTRASPECIFIC DENSITY SHOWN BY SUBSETS OF MONITORING SITES

1988 ◽  
Vol 120 (12) ◽  
pp. 1071-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Byers ◽  
D.L. Struble ◽  
G.B. Schaalje
Keyword(s):  
Sex Attractant ◽  
Population Estimates ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Population Changes ◽  
Relative Population ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Resource Requirements ◽  
Long Term Trends

AbstractThe abundance levels of eight species of cutworms and army worms were monitored with sex-attractant traps at 81 locations in a 13 000-km2 area of southern Alberta from 1978 to 1983. Year-to-year change in population levels could be consistently detected by monitoring at a relatively small number of locations. For all species, subsets of selected locations along transects, or random subsets of as few as five locations, showed year-to-year fluctuations in mean catch per trap that were similar in pattern to those of the whole monitored area. The results indicate that long-term surveillance monitoring of pest species of cutworms and armyworms to detect year-to-year population changes, and long-term trends, is feasible in terms of both the resource requirements and reliability of the relative population estimates.

Flight activity of alate Adelgids (Homoptera, Aphidoidea) in southern England

1973 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. I. Carter ◽  
G. Barson
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Threshold Temperature ◽  
Flight Period ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Trap Catches

The flight periods of eight species of Adelgids were deduced from suction trap catches in a mixed woodland site at Alice Holt, Hampshire from 1965 to 1970. Nine species from other natural forest areas in the northern hemisphere occurred on trees in the study area, but some immigration may have contributed to the numbers trapped. Large catches (often >200 individuals per day) of three pest species, Adelges laricis Vall., A. cooleyi (Gill.) and Pineus pini (L.), occurred during late May and June. Only small catches (<10 individuals per day) were obtained during July–September. The sexuparae from the non-Picea hosts occurred mainly in May and June whereas the gallicolae from Picea hosts flew during certain periods from June to September. Analysis showed that the threshold temperature for flight was 16°C and that 64% or more of the total monthly catch occurred in the afternoon (13·00–19·00 h). The variation in length of the early summer flight period by ± one week was related to air temperature maxima, but the fluctuation ( ± one week) in the mean date for flight of each species in the early summer period is probably connected with the phenological condition of the host-plant.

scholarly journals Phenology of non-biting midges (Diptera Chironomidae) in peatland ponds, Central Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Płóciennik ◽  
Martyna Skonieczka ◽  
Olga Antczak ◽  
Jacek Siciński
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Aquatic Insects ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Flight Period ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Raised Bog ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Central Poland

Non-biting midges are one of the most diverse and abundant aquatic insects in peatlands. The Rąbień mire is a raised bog located on the edge of the Lodz Agglomeration in Central Poland. After peat extraction, many ponds remained in the Rąbień area. During the growing season in 2012, adult chironomids were collected by a light trap and a hand net near one of the excavation ponds. The phenology of adult flight period was documented from April to November. Thirty-one species were recorded and assigned to one of five phenology groups. Three parameters reflecting duration of daytime and weather conditions, i.e. air temperature, air humidity, were found to covary significantly with the observed flight periods. Taxa emerging in the spring may be classified as cold-adapted and those collected in the summer only as preferring higher air temperature. Emergence in late summer was related to a shorter duration of daytime.

scholarly journals Seasonal and inter-annual dynamics of biological parameters for mysid Paracanthomysis shikhotaniensis in Peter the Great Bay (Japan Sea)

2020 ◽  
Vol 200 (4) ◽  
pp. 907-921
Author(s):  
L. G. Sedova ◽  
L. L. Budnikova
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Peter The Great Bay ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Sex Structure ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Great Bay

Size and sex structure of the mysid Paracanthomysis shikhotaniensis aggregations in Peter the Great Bay (Japan Sea) is considered. The samples were collected at the depth of 0.5–2.0 m at Reineke Island in May-October of 2014–2018. All sampled mysids (1601 ind.) were measured under binocular microscope with accuracy of 0.1 mm, weighted by torsion scales with accuracy of 1 mg, and separated to males, females and juveniles. The females were differentiated by 5 stages of their development: 1) immature females with oostegetic rudiments; 2) oviparous females; 3) females with embryos in the marsupia bags without stalk-eyes with black pigment; 4) females with embryos in marsupia bags with black eyes; and 5) spawned females with empty marsupii. Their body length varied from 5.0 to 27.8 mm, being much larger in spring and early summer than in late summer and autumn. Juveniles were absent in spring, but abundant in July-October. Females were larger than males, their body length varied from 9.0 to 27.8 mm, whereas the length of males — from 8.3 to 19.0 mm. Seasonal variations of the size structure were similar in different years, with small deflections due to changes of water temperature and weather conditions. In contrast, sex structure of the mysid aggregations had significant interannual differences. The females to males ratio was almost stable from June to September (females prevailed), but changed to males domination in October. Spawning of P. shikhotaniensis was extended in time because of several generations spawned, that was confirmed by permanent occurrence of females with embryos at different stages of development.

SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIABILITY IN SEX ATTRACTANT TRAP CATCHES OF LEUCANIA COMMOIDES AND PERIDROMA SAUCIA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) IN RELATION TO THEIR BIOLOGY IN MANITOBA

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (12) ◽  
pp. 1573-1582 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Ayre ◽  
W. J. Turnock ◽  
D. L. Struble
Keyword(s):  
Sex Attractant ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Sex Attractants ◽  
Test Species ◽  
Peridroma Saucia ◽  
By Catch ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Apparent Influence

AbstractIntertrap variability in catches of moths of the cutworms Leucania commoides Guenée and Peridroma saucia (Hübner) was tested by placing two traps for each species baited with artificial sex attractants at 1.6 km (1 mi) intervals to form a grid covering 64 km2 (25 mi2) near Domain, Manitoba. During the flight periods of the test species the attractants were 86.5 and 93.6% species-specific for L. commoides and P. saucia respectively. Moth catches varied between traps and flights, but the ranking of the traps by catch for each species was consistent during any given flight of L. commoides and during the first flight of P. saucia. The low intertrap variability in numbers captured of both species indicated the moths were uniformly distributed in the area. For L. commoides 10 traps within an area of 64 km2 would be required to give a population estimate within 20% of the true mean and for P. saucia three traps would be needed. The flights of L. commoides started abruptly each year and appeared to be triggered by rainfall. Flights of P. saucia did not occur below 10 °C but otherwise weather had no apparent influence on the flights. It was concluded that the moths of this species are blown in from the south each spring. Neither species showed a consistent distributional relationship with crops.

PHENOLOGY AND REPRODUCTIVE STATUS OF ADULT REDBACKED CUTWORMS, EUXOA OCHROGASTER (GUENÉE) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE), IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA

1992 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.H. Gerber ◽  
J. Walkof
Keyword(s):  
Sex Attractant ◽  
Reproductive Status ◽  
Flight Period ◽  
Egg Development ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Euxoa Ochrogaster ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Redbacked Cutworm ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractThe phenology and reproductive status of adults of the redbacked cutworm, Euxoa ochrogaster (Guenée), were determined from blacklight (BLT) and sex-attractant (SAT) trap catches at four locations in southern Manitoba in 1987 through 1989. The flight period was of 9–12 weeks duration, extending from late June to early October. The first male and female moths were captured at about the same time in the BLT and SAT. The peak catches of the BLT occurred during the first 3 weeks of August (weeks 5 and 6 of the flight period) and those of the SAT about 1 week later. The SAT continued to capture male moths for 2–3 weeks after the last moths appeared in the BLT. Most females captured during the first 2–3 weeks of the flight period were virgins who had not yet initiated egg development. Most mating, egg development, and oviposition took place during a 3- to 4-week period that included the 2 weeks before, the same week as, and the week after the peak BLT catches (weeks 3–7 of the flight period); these activities occurred in the 3–4 weeks before the peak SAT catches. The data suggested that there was competition between SAT and females in attracting males and, consequently, the SAT catch data may not be providing accurate measurements of the sizes of breeding populations of males in the field. The BLT catches underestimated the length of the flight period by about 1.5–3 weeks.

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