Description and Morphology of the Immature Stages of Three Closely Related Species of Contarinia Rond. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from Galls on Douglas-fir Needles

1961 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 833-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Condrashoff
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Larval Instars

A detailed morphological study of the immature stages of Contarinia pseudotsugae Condr., C. constricta Condr. and C. cuniculator Condr., along with their description, is presented in this paper. This work is based on examinations of several hundred larvae of each species, with numerous observations of larvae in the act of moulting and pupating which confirmed the morphological indications of three larval instars. Included also is a brief description of the galls associated with each midge species. Terminology used in the larval descriptions follows that of Möhn 1955.

Gyretes Brullé (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae) from Brazil: Morphology of eggs and early instars

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4526 (3) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIARA COLPANI ◽  
CÉSAR JOÃO BENETTI ◽  
NEUSA HAMADA ◽  
VANDERLY ANDRADE-SOUZA ◽  
MARIANO C. MICHAT
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Species Association ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Laboratory Conditions

Taxonomic information regarding Gyrinidae is mostly based on adults, especially due to the difficulty in collecting immatures and assigning them to a particular species. Association between immatures and adults is sometimes difficult because closely related species can be found in the same habitat. To solve this problem a feasible technique is rearing under laboratory conditions. However, this method is challenging because larval survival rate is usually low, and emulation of natural conditions is difficult. Molecular techniques, especially the use of the COI gene, have been applied to identify species and to associate different life stages. However, in some species groups this marker has not been successful in distinguishing closely related species. The objectives of this study are to describe the egg and the first two instars of Gyretes nubilus Ochs, 1965 and the egg of G. minax Ochs, 1967 and to evaluate the utility of COI to associate immatures and adults. The association of these immature stages with adults was done either rearing adults under laboratory conditions or by using DNA sequence data (COI), corroborating the utility of this molecular marker to associate immature and adults in Gyretes. These immature stages are described, including chaetotaxic analysis of larvae for the first time for the genus Gyretes Brullé, 1835. The eggs are described based on scanning electron microscopy. The eggs are similar to those of other Gyrinidae genera in having a micropylar region in the anterior pole and a longitudinal fissure, and by the absence of an aeropyle, but they differ mainly in characters related to chorionic structure and reticulation. Larvae of Gyretes can be distinguished from those of the other Neotropical Gyrinidae genera by a combination of several characters, including the frontoclypeal seta FR3 short, presence of three conspicuous additional setae on lateral region of parietal (contiguous to stemmata), and posterior margin of lacinia smooth, with apex not indented. 

Description of the larval stages of Heterosternuta diversicornis (Sharp) (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae)

1998 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Alarie ◽  
K. Fritz
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Close Similarity ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
First Instar

AbstractDescription of structures of all three larval instars of Heterosternuta diversicornis (Sharp) is presented. The chaetotaxy and porotaxy of the cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment, and urogomphi are discussed in detail. A close similarity between larvae of H. diversicornis, H. wickhami Zaitzev and H. cocheconis (Fall) is confirmed. All three species distinguish from the closely related species of the genus Neoporus Guignot by (i) a very short and constricted siphon, (ii) the primary setae FE8 and FE9 which are subequal in length to the maximum width of the metafemur (first instar), (iii) the absence of natatory setae on all tibiae and tarsi, and (iv) the contiguous position of the primary setae UR2 and UR3 on the urogomphomere 1.

Studies of British Anthomyiid Flies

1952 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Miles
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Closely Related Species

A study of the immature stages of the Anthomyiid flies, Delia cilicrura, D. trichodactyla, Erioischia brassicae, E. floralis and Pegohylemyia fugax, associated with injury to cruciferous crops, has shown that the several species can be distinguished. The egg stage can be identified by the sculpturing of the chorion, except in the case of the closely related species E. brassicae and E. floralis where the sculpturing is similar but there is a considerable difference in size.The larvae can be distinguished by differences in the shape and character of the head and in its relation to the prothorax, and in the form of the mouth-parts in the three instars. The number of finger-like processes of the anterior spiracles and the number and arrangement of the tubercles of the eighth abdominal segment also contribute to the identification of the larvae.

scholarly journals Morphological ontogeny and molecular analyses of geographic strains of two closely related Neoseiulus species (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

Acarologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 432-452
Author(s):  
Mohamed W. Negm ◽  
Tomoko Matsuda ◽  
Takumi Kayukawa ◽  
Chyi-Chen Ho ◽  
Yu-Tzu Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Neoseiulus Longispinosus ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

The predatory mites, Neoseiulus longispinosus (Evans) and N. womersleyi (Schicha) (Phytoseiidae) are two morphologically close species. Although they can be mainly separated by the length of the dorsal seta S5, misidentifications may occur. The present study investigated various strains of the two closely related species collected from Japan, Taiwan and/or Thailand using a combination of morphological and molecular data. We described and illustrated the adults and immature stages. We also sequenced the 28S region of nuclear ribosomal DNA to determine whether these strains represent different species. The two species could be clearly separated based on the length of seta S5 and the ratio of setae Z5/S5. In a 28S tree, the examined strains also formed separate clades with 100% bootstrap values. We conclude that a combination of different methods is often necessary to precisely distinguish these closely related taxa.

A comparative study of the immature stages of closely related species Cassida pfefferi Sekerka, 2006, Cassida nobilis Linnaeus, 1758 and Cassida vittata Villers, 1789 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Cassidini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4942 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-500
Author(s):  
JOLANTA ŚWIĘTOJAŃSKA ◽  
EWA BELCZYK
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Body Structure ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Preimaginal Stages ◽  
First Time

Immature stages of Cassida pfefferi Sekerka, 2006 from Cyprus are described and illustrated for the first time and compared with immatures of closely related species Cassida nobilis Linnaeus, 1758 and Cassida vittata Villers, 1789. Detailed descriptions of mature larvae and pupae of C. nobilis and C. vittata are also given. Analysis of the morphological body structure of the preimaginal stages of the studied species reveals subtle characters distinguishing C. pfefferi from other species of C. nobilis groups and confirms its species status. 

Scopula anfractata sp. n., a new geometrid moth from Yunnan, China (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Sterrhinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 943 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
PASI SIHVONEN
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Geometrid Moth

A new geometrid moth, Scopula anfractata Sihvonen sp. n., is described and illustrated from the northern part of Yunnan province, China. The facies of S. anfractata are distinct from its congeneres, with concave transverse median and posterior lines and an acute apex of the forewing, resembling some species of the ennomine genus Loxaspilates Warren. Adults and genitalia of both sexes of S. anfractata are compared with those of S. dubernardi (Oberthür, 1923), which is considered the most closely related species. The systematic position of the two species within Scopula Schrank is uncertain, but structures of the genitalia suggest affinities with the S. umbelaria species group. Scopula anfractata is known only from the type locality of Dayan (Lijiang), China; its biology and immature stages are unknown.

Bionomics of Three Closely Related Species of Contarinia Rond. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from Douglas-fir Needles

1962 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Condrashoff
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
General Reference ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Gall Midges ◽  
Christmas Trees

Incidence of damage to needles of Douglas fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco, by larvae of gall midges has been noted in British Columbia since 1935. In 1953 severe midge damage to Douglas fir occurred in sections of British Columbia, Washington, Idaho and Montana. Outside of brief and general reference to these gall midges in literature and in unpublished notes, almost nothing was known of their biology, and the species remained undescribed. Relatively little interest has been shown these insects until recent years, when severe infestations in southeastern British Columbia affected the sale of Douglas fir for use as Christmas trees.

On Trioza viridula (Zett.) and Two Related Species Breeding on Cirsium1 (Hem., Psylloidea)

1972 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frej Ossiannilsson
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Larval Instars

AbstractIn his revision of the Psyllids of Zetterstedt (Ossiannilsson, I942), the author identified Chermes viridulus Zett. with Trioza cirsii Löw. By a study of preimaginal characters this is now found to be wrong and it is stated that Trioza viridula (Zett.) and Trioza cirsii Löw are distinct though closely related species. Details of their male and female genitalia and the microsculpture of the under side of their fore wings are reproduced for comparison. Figures of the larval instars of viridula and cirsii and the related agrophila Löw showing their chaetotaxy are also given. A key for the separation of these larvae and some data on the biology and distribution of these species in Sweden terminate the present paper.

The Adults and Immature Stages of Four Species of Eucordylea Dietz (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on Spruce in Quebec

1962 ◽  
Vol 94 (11) ◽  
pp. 1198-1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. McLeod
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Considerable Confusion

During investigations of lepidopterous needle-miners and bud-borers on spruce in the Province of Quebec between 1956 and 1959, four closely-related species belonging to the family Gelechiidae were found. One of the species, atrupictella, is the type of the genus Eucordylea Dietz (1900); a second, piceaella (Kft.) has been formerly assigned to the genus Recurvaria Haworth, and the remaining two were undescribed entities. In this paper, the four species are assumed to be congeneric and are tentatively assigned to Eucordylea Dietz. However, there is considerable confusion regarding the taxonomic status of this group and further generic divisions may be justified in future (Freeman 1960).

scholarly journals The Male Hindwing Costal Roll in Cochylina (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae): Morphological Variation, Phylogenetic Distribution, and Relationship to Host Utilization

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José V Pérez Santa-Rita ◽  
John W Brown ◽  
Joaquín Baixeras
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Phylogenetic Signal ◽  
Phylogenetic Distribution ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Male Scent

Abstract This is the first morphological study of the male hindwing costal roll (CR), a scent organ of tortricid moths of the subtribe Cochylina (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae). This composite organ varies from a simple membranous roll of the hindwing costa to a complex roll that incorporates a hairpencil and two types of microscales. All the components show taxon-dependent traits. Both optical and electron microscopy are used to elucidate the structure. The costal roll is associated primarily with the Aethes Billberg, Saphenista Walsingham, Phalonidia Le Marchand, and Cochylis Treitschke groups of genera. The general notions that wing male scent organs are phylogenetically labile and that they may have arisen among closely related species as a consequence of habitat sharing are explored using network analysis and phylogenetic signal. Taxa with a costal roll certainly support a more complex area of the food web, however, the character shows a strong phylogenetic signal and is not the result of a sporadic evolution.

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