Evaluation of Subchronic Formaldehyde Exposure in Rats with Open Field Test

Elenine is the aglycone of elenoside, a cytotoxic arylnaphthalene lignan (NSC 644013-W/1) derived fromJusticia hyssopifolia. (Family: Acanthaceae). Elenoside is a β-D-glucoside, with a similar chemical structure to etoposide, exhibiting central depressant activity. In the present study, elenine was given to mice and rats at doses of 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg. Acute toxicity (24 h) and general behaviour in mice was studied as well as its effects on muscular relaxant activity, locomotor activity (Varimex test), and the open-field test and were compared with 10 mg/kg of chlorpromazine. Elenine produced a reduction in the permanence time in muscular relaxant activity (traction test). Spontaneous activity was lower in the Varimex test. The ambulation and rearing were lower compared with the control group, and an increase in boluses was observed in the open-field test. Thus, it can be concluded that elenine has central sedative effects at lower doses than those used with elenoside and has a possible application in conditions of anxiety.

Download Full-text

Participation ofGABAAChloride Channels in the Anxiolytic-Like Effects of a Fatty Acid Mixture

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2013/121794 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Juan Francisco Rodríguez-Landa ◽

Rosa Isela García-Ríos ◽

Jonathan Cueto-Escobedo ◽

Blandina Bernal-Morales ◽

Carlos M. Contreras

Keyword(s):

Open Field ◽

Field Test ◽

Chloride Channels ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Elevated Plus Maze ◽

Open Field Test ◽

Acid Mixture ◽

Plus Maze ◽

Gaba Binding ◽

Defensive Burying

Human amniotic fluid and a mixture of eight fatty acids (FAT-M) identified in this maternal fluid (C12:0, lauric acid, 0.9 μg%; C14:0, myristic acid, 6.9 μg%; C16:0, palmitic acid, 35.3 μg%; C16:1, palmitoleic acid, 16.4 μg%; C18:0, stearic acid, 8.5 μg%; C18:1cis, oleic acid, 18.4 μg%; C18:1trans, elaidic acid, 3.5 μg%; C18:2, linoleic acid, 10.1 μg%) produce anxiolytic-like effects that are comparable to diazepam in Wistar rats, suggesting the involvement ofγ-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptors, a possibility not yet explored. Wistar rats were subjected to the defensive burying test, elevated plus maze, and open field test. In different groups, threeGABAAreceptor antagonists were administered 30 min before FAT-M administration, including the competitive GABA binding antagonist bicuculline (1 mg/kg),GABAAbenzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil (5 mg/kg), and noncompetitiveGABAAchloride channel antagonist picrotoxin (1 mg/kg). The FAT-M exerted anxiolytic-like effects in the defensive burying test and elevated plus maze, without affecting locomotor activity in the open field test. TheGABAAantagonists alone did not produce significant changes in the behavioral tests. Picrotoxin but not bicuculline or flumazenil blocked the anxiolytic-like effect of the FAT-M. Based on the specific blocking action of picrotoxin on the effects of the FAT-M, we conclude that the FAT-M exerted its anxiolytic-like effects throughGABAAreceptor chloride channels.

Download Full-text

Note on EMI Measurement at Open Field Test Site (2) - On the Shortened Dipole Antenna

1986 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility ◽

10.1109/isemc.1986.7568267 ◽

1986 ◽

Author(s):

Shigeru Takeya ◽

Atuya Maeda

Keyword(s):

Open Field ◽

Field Test ◽

Open Field Test ◽

Test Site ◽

Dipole Antenna

Download Full-text

Acute effects of ethanol on behavioral responses of male and female zebrafish in the open field test with the influence of a non-familiar object

Behavioural Processes ◽

10.1016/j.beproc.2021.104474 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 104474

Author(s):

Thiele P. Souza ◽

Francini Franscescon ◽

Flavia V. Stefanello ◽

Talise E. Müller ◽

Laura W. Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Open Field ◽

Field Test ◽

Open Field Test ◽

Behavioral Responses ◽

Familiar Object ◽

Acute Effects ◽

Male And Female ◽

Female Zebrafish

Download Full-text

Garcinia Camobogia Extract Alters Anxiety, Sociability, and Dopamine Turnover in Male Swiss Albino Mice

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1080894/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Michael K. Ibrahim ◽

Marina Aboelsaad ◽

Fatma Tony ◽

Moustafa Sayed

Keyword(s):

Open Field ◽

Field Test ◽

Open Field Test ◽

Modern Medicine ◽

Receptor Expression ◽

Dopamine Turnover ◽

Male Mice ◽

Garcinia Cambogia ◽

Swiss Albino Mice ◽

Albino Mice

Abstract Background: Obesity is a global concern, closely allied with somatic and psychosomatic disorders. Herbal drugs are available in modern medicine to treat obesity. Garcinia camobogia being used by so many people trying to lose weight produces various systemic side effects. The study was conducted to assess its effect on anxiety, sociability, and dopamine turnover in male mice. Methodology: Male Swiss albino mice of either were divided into three groups with seven mice in each group. Different groups were given distilled water (0.5ml p.o.) and Garcinia cambogia extract at two different doses (100mg/kg and 500 mg/kg p.o.). Effect of test drugs on anxiety was evaluated using open field test. Sociability and social novelty were evaluated using three chambers test. Results (mean ± standard deviation) were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test followed by Tukey’s test. Result: Garcinia cambogia extract significantly increased the time spent in the corners in the open field test, significantly reduced sociability and social novelty in the three chamber test, significantly reduced dopamine turnover and increased D2 receptor expression in ventral tegmental area. Conclusion: Garcinia cambogia extract have significant anxiogenic effect along with reduced sociability and social novelty in male mice. Moreover, these effects could be related to the altered dopamine turnover and D2 receptor expression in mice brain.

Download Full-text

Early deprivation increases high-leaning behavior, a novel anxiety-like behavior, in the open field test in rats

Neuroscience Research ◽

10.1016/j.neures.2017.04.012 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 123 ◽

pp. 27-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Hiroshi Kuniishi ◽

Satoshi Ichisaka ◽

Miki Yamamoto ◽

Natsuko Ikubo ◽

Sae Matsuda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Open Field ◽

Field Test ◽

Open Field Test ◽

Early Deprivation

Download Full-text

A comparative analysis of anxiolytic activity of Arnica montana and alprazolam in rats using open field test

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20181175 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 718

Author(s):

Puja Jha ◽

Seema Bhalerao ◽

Mrunal Dhole

Keyword(s):

Open Field ◽

Field Test ◽

Open Field Test ◽

Physical Dependence ◽

Forced Swim Test ◽

Anxiolytic Activity ◽

Combination Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Arnica Montana ◽

Group I

Background: Anxiety affects around 7.3% of the total population worldwide. Benzodiazepines are preferred anxiolytic agents and are still frequently used in spite of the side effect profile including muscle relaxation, memory disturbances, sedation, physical dependence. Arnica montana, a traditional herb is known to possess significant anxiolytic effect at the dose of 100mg/kg. In this study, Arnica montana has been compared for the first time with alprazolam, a most commonly used anxiolytic drug.Methods: Forced swim test was used to induce anxiety. Anxiolytic action of study drugs which were given orally, was evaluated using Open field test (OFT) in healthy wistar rats of either sex. Behavior of rats, locomotion and number of squares crossed was recorded. Rats were divided into four groups with eight rats in each group. Study groups were Group I Control; Group II Alprazolam 0.08mg/kg; Group III Arnica montana extract (AME) 100mg/kg; Group IV AME + Alprazolam group 100mg/kg+0.08mg/kg. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test (p<0.05).Results: Increase in frequency of rearing was significant (p<0.05) in AME group and highly significant (p<0.001) in Alprazolam and combination group in comparison to control. Decrease in frequency of grooming was highly significant (p<0.001) in Alprazolam and combination group. AME also showed significant (p<0.05) decrease in grooming activity.Conclusions: Arnica montana extract showed anxiolytic activity and can be used as an add on drug after further studies and validation in the treatment of anxiety disorders.

Download Full-text

Actualization of Existing Experience and Features of Subsequent Learning

Experimental Psychology (Russia) ◽

10.17759/exppsy.2020130309 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 118-131

Author(s):

O.E. Svarnik ◽

A.I. Bulava ◽

D.L. Gladilin ◽

I.A. Nazhestkin ◽

E.A. Kuzina

Keyword(s):

Motor Activity ◽

Rat Brain ◽

Open Field ◽

Field Test ◽

Open Field Test ◽

Drinking Behavior ◽

Preference Test ◽

Short Term ◽

Food Acquisition ◽

Object Preference

The article presents data on the study of neurogenetic changes in the rat brain and the features of performing various behavioral acts during acquisition of a food-acquisition skill, depending on the actualization of the previously acquired skill. The experiments involved 13 animals who were successively trained in the following behaviors: new context in the open field test, new objects in the object preference test, drinking behavior using a vibrissal pad, and food-acquisition behavior of pressing the pedal. It turned out that the nature of motor activity and the severity of neurogenetic changes during learning a new skill in individuals who immediately before this training occurred short-term actualization of the experience formed at one of the previous stages of training, significantly differed from the same parameters in individuals who did not have such actualization. It is suggested that the actualization of previously formed experience before new training contributes to the formation of a new component of experience, but not in the sense of accelerating the formation of new behavior, but in the aspect of increasing the number of active neurons that change the expression of their genes.

Download Full-text