scholarly journals Dolomitic marble from Thasos at the Louvre

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Calligaro ◽  
Yvan Coquinot ◽  
Maria Filomena Guerra ◽  
John J. Herrmann ◽  
Ludovic Laugier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Dolomitic Marble ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Aegean Island ◽  
The North ◽  
New Information ◽  
North Aegean ◽  
Non Destructive

Many Greek and Roman sculptures in the Louvre appear to be made of coarse-grained, very white dolomitic marble from the north Aegean island of Thasos, and permission was given to test twelve of them in a non-destructive way using a mobile X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer. Coarse-grained, white dolomitic marble sources were rare in antiquity, and if these Thasian-looking sculptures proved to be dolomitic rather than calcitic, it is highly likely that they were in fact made of Thasian marble. Ten of the twelve sculptures did prove to be dolomitic marble and therefore very probably Thasian in origin. This new information makes it possible to expand and enrich our knowledge of the exportation of marble from Thasos in both geographic and chronological terms. The tests furthermore confirm that dolomitic marble from Thasos was preferred for colossal replicas of Athena of the Velletri type and also reveal that a group of imperial portraits in Algeria were carved from marble blocks from Thasos. One test offered confirmation that a fragment in the Louvre was part of a relief in Izmir.

scholarly journals The metal artefacts from the prehistoric walled enclosure of Castelo Velho de Freixo de Numão within the early metallurgy of north-west of Iberian Peninsula

2019 ◽  
pp. 305-328
Author(s):  
Carlo Bottaini ◽  
Ignacio Montero-Ruiz ◽  
Susana Lopes ◽  
Lídia Baptista ◽  
Sérgio Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
X Ray ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Metal Artefacts ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Arsenical Copper ◽  
North Western

This paper deals with the preliminary results of the typological and analytical study of a collection of copper-based objects found at the site of Castelo Velho (Freixo de Numão). This collection is associated to different contexts from the 3rd millennium BC (Chalcolithic). The analyses, performed by non-destructive X-ray fluorescence (XRF), show that the metals were produced with almost pure copper and arsenical copper (> 2% As). Impurities, such as As (<2%), Fe, Bi, Ag, Sn, Sb and Ni, were also identified, likely due to their presence in the ores used for the production of the objects. The data suggest that the metals from Castelo Velho may be framed within the metallurgical production already known for the Chalcolithic of the North-Western Iberian Peninsula.

scholarly journals A New Suggested Site for Troy (Yenibademli Höyük)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-98
Author(s):  
Oliver D. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Aegean Island ◽  
The North ◽  
North Aegean

Nearly all archaeologists identify the remains of Troy with Hisarlik. This article in contrast looks at some alternative suggested locations and finding them to be implausible suggests a Bronze Age site – Yenibademli Höyük – on the North Aegean Island Imbros (Gökçeada). The popular identification of Hisarlik with Troy is questioned and doubted. It is argued on the basis of an ancient tradition Hisarlik cannot be the site of Troy and reveals descriptions from the Iliad are not compatible with Hisarlik.

The larvae of Athripsodes longispinosus longispinosus (Martynov 1909), Athripsodes longispinosus paleochora (Malicky 1972), and Athripsodes bilineatus aegeus Malicky 1999 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae), including a discriminatory matrix to the larvae of genus Athripsodes Billberg 1820 in Greece

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4609 (3) ◽  
pp. 485
Author(s):  
JOHANN WARINGER ◽  
HANS MALICKY
Keyword(s):  
Larval Instar ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Aegean Island ◽  
The North ◽  
North Aegean ◽  
Greek Island

Larvae of three leptocerid caddisfly subspecies described in the present paper were sampled in Greece and the North Aegean island of Gökceada (Turkey). Information on the morphology of the final larval instar of each is given and the most important diagnostic features are illustrated. The subspecies are integrated into a synoptic discriminatory matrix including the currently known larvae of Greek species of genus Athripsodes. The species can be easily separated by head coloration; the morphology of the ventral apotome; setal and spinal patterns on the metadorsum, foretibiae, and anal prolegs; and by distribution. With respect to distribution, Athripsodes longispinosus longispinosus is known from Bulgaria, the Caucasus area, Turkey, the northern Greek mainland, and the Greek islands of Thasos, Lesbos, Andros, Ikaria, Naxos, and Rhodes. Athripsodes longispinosus paleochora is an endemic of the Greek island of Crete, and A. bilineatus aegeus has been recorded from the Peloponnese; the Greek islands of Euboea, Skiathos, Kithira, Andros; and Turkey. 

scholarly journals EDXRF study of Tupi-Guarani archaeological ceramics.

2003 ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando R. Espinoza Quiñones ◽  
Carlos R. Appoloni ◽  
Adenilson O. dos Santos ◽  
Luzeli M. da Silva ◽  
Paulo F. Barbieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compositional Data ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Intensity Data ◽  
Archaeological Ceramics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Xrf Analysis ◽  
The North ◽  
Ceramic Paste ◽  
Representation Method ◽  
Non Destructive

A set of indian Brazilian pottery fragments belonging to Tupi-Guarani tradition has been studied by an archaeometric non-destructive technique. The pottery fragments were accidentally discovered in the Santa Dalmacia farm, sited near Cambé city at the north of Paraná Brazilian state. Each one of these fragments came from different ceramic recipients and their physical characteristics are very similar. The EDXRF measurements were performed employing both an X-ray tube and three radioisotope sources (Fe, Cd and Pu). The compositional data of the ceramics paste and pigments is investigated. For detection of the elements within the ceramic paste, the fragments were irradiated at the center of the lateral section, while several superficial areas with remaining plastic decoration were also chosen and irradiated at the convex and concave sides of each fragment. A paste-subtracted compositional data of the remaining pigments was statically extracted from the XRF analysis of each area. A program based on the graphic polygonal representation method was developed and used to correlate the representative intensity data of each fragment.

scholarly journals Three species of butterflies new for the North Aegean Island of Lemnos (Greece)

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Mario Langourov ◽  
Nikolay Simov ◽  
Stanislav Abadjiev
Keyword(s):  
Aegean Island ◽  
The North ◽  
North Aegean

The paper presents results of a brief entomological surveys carried out in the southern parts of Lemnos Island in 2016, 2017 and 2019. It includes a list of 14 recorded species of butterflies, three of which are new for the island.

X-ray microprobe for materials science

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 56-57
Author(s):  
G.E. Ice
Keyword(s):  
Crystallographic Orientation ◽  
Local Structure ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ray Optics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Novel Materials ◽  
New Information ◽  
Elemental Sensitivity

The increasing availability of synchrotron x-ray sources has stimulated the development of advanced hard x-ray (E≥5 keV) microprobes. With new x-ray optics these microprobes can achieve micron and submicron spatial resolutions. The inherent elemental and crystallographic sensitivity of an x-ray microprobe and its inherently nondestructive and penetrating nature will have important applications to materials science. For example, x-ray fluorescent microanalysis of materials can reveal elemental distributions with greater sensitivity than alternative nondestructive probes. In materials, segregation and nonuniform distributions are the rule rather than the exception. Common interfaces to whichsegregation occurs are surfaces, grain and precipitate boundaries, dislocations, and surfaces formed by defects such as vacancy and interstitial configurations. In addition to chemical information, an x-ray diffraction microprobe can reveal the local structure of a material by detecting its phase, crystallographic orientation and strain.Demonstration experiments have already exploited the penetrating nature of an x-ray microprobe and its inherent elemental sensitivity to provide new information about elemental distributions in novel materials.

Why Has There Been No People’s Power Rebellion in North Korea?

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Andrew Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Information Control ◽  
Al Jazeera ◽  
The North ◽  
New Information ◽  
Effective System ◽  
The Right

One scenario put forward by researchers, political commentators and journalists for the collapse of North Korea has been a People’s Power (or popular) rebellion. This paper analyses why no popular rebellion has occurred in the DPRK under Kim Jong Un. It challenges the assumption that popular rebellion would happen because of widespread anger caused by a greater awareness of superior economic conditions outside the DPRK. Using Jack Goldstone’s theoretical expla-nations for the outbreak of popular rebellion, and comparisons with the 1989 Romanian and 2010–11 Tunisian transitions, this paper argues that marketi-zation has led to a loosening of state ideological control and to an influx of infor-mation about conditions in the outside world. However, unlike the Tunisian transitions—in which a new information context shaped by social media, the Al-Jazeera network and an experience of protest helped create a sense of pan-Arab solidarity amongst Tunisians resisting their government—there has been no similar ideology unifying North Koreans against their regime. There is evidence of discontent in market unrest in the DPRK, although protests between 2011 and the present have mostly been in defense of the right of people to support themselves through private trade. North Koreans believe this right has been guaranteed, or at least tacitly condoned, by the Kim Jong Un government. There has not been any large-scale explosion of popular anger because the state has not attempted to crush market activities outright under Kim Jong Un. There are other reasons why no popular rebellion has occurred in the North. Unlike Tunisia, the DPRK lacks a dissident political elite capable of leading an opposition movement, and unlike Romania, the DPRK authorities have shown some flexibility in their anti-dissent strategies, taking a more tolerant approach to protests against economic issues. Reduced levels of violence during periods of unrest and an effective system of information control may have helped restrict the expansion of unrest beyond rural areas.

Highlights in the history of X-ray topography1

1995 ◽  
Vol 210 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Domain ◽  
Diffraction Theory ◽  
Dislocation Loops ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Domain Structures ◽  
Structure Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dislocation Sources ◽  
Non Destructive

AbstractX-ray topography provides a non-destructive method of mapping point-by-point variations in orientation and reflecting power within crystals. The discovery, made by several workers independently, that in nearly perfect crystals it was possible to detect individual dislocations by X-ray diffraction contrast started an epoch of rapid exploitation of X-ray topography as a new, general method for assessing crystal perfection. Another discovery, that of X-ray Pendellösung, led to important theoretical developments in X-ray diffraction theory and to a new and precise method for measuring structure factors on an absolute scale. Other highlights picked out for mention are studies of Frank-Read dislocation sources, the discovery of long dislocation helices and lines of coaxial dislocation loops in aluminium, of internal magnetic domain structures in Fe-3 wt.% Si, and of stacking faults in silicon and natural diamonds.

Stoichiometric Determination of Graphite Intercalation Compounds Using Rutherford Backscatiering Spectrometry

1983 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Salamanca-Riba ◽  
B.S. Elman ◽  
M.S. Dresselhaus ◽  
T. Venkatesan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Error ◽  
Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry ◽  
Rutherford Backscattering ◽  
Intercalation Compounds ◽  
Graphite Intercalation Compounds ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Donor And Acceptor ◽  
Graphite Intercalation ◽  
Non Destructive

ABSTRACTRutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) is used to characterize the stoichiometry of graphite intercalation compounds (GIC). Specific application is made to several stages of different donor and acceptor compounds and to commensurate and incommensurate intercalants. A deviation from the theoretical stoichiometry is measured for most of the compounds using this non-destructive method. Within experimental error, the RBS results agree with those obtained from analysis of the (00ℓ) x-ray diffractograms and weight uptake measurements on the same samples.

X-Ray Tomography for Electronic Packages

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Goyal
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Electronic Packages ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Imaging Capability ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract Next generation assembly/package development challenges are primarily increased interconnect complexity and density with ever shorter development time. The results of this trend present some distinct challenges for the analytical tools/techniques to support this technical roadmap. The key challenge in the analytical tools/techniques is the development of non-destructive imaging for improved time to information. This paper will present the key drivers for the non-destructive imaging, results of literature search and evaluation of key analytical techniques currently available. Based on these studies requirements of a 3D imaging capability will be discussed. Critical breakthroughs required for development of such a capability are also summarized.

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