The Qur’anic mantras recited by Shamanic Santri in Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasyim Muhammad ◽  
Ilyas Supena ◽  
Akhmad A. Junaidi ◽  
Muhammad Faiq
Keyword(s):  
Religious Law

To overcome various problems, the practice of shamanism has gained popularity in Javanese society. The belief of the society in this practice is increasing, mainly because of the involvement of the kyai (an honorific title of the Muslim clergy), who serves as a shaman. The kyai, in this regard, uses Qur’anic verses in his mantra. This study aims to reveal how the use of the Qur’anic verses is interpreted and legitimised in the practice of shamanism amongst the Javanese community. This article concluded that what people understand about the heresy practice of shamanism as it is considered contrary to religious law or shirk (idolatry) is not proven. The practice of shamanism carried out by santri or kyai has normative arguments and theological legitimacy from the Qur’an and books of salaf scholars.Contribution: It is prevailing that the practice of shamanism is often considered heresy and un-Islamic. This article however, will give a new insight that the practice of shamanism is not always against Islamic teaching as conducted by kyai because he always refers to the Qur’an as a mantra.

When Beruriah Met Aisha

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
Shari Golberg
Keyword(s):  
Muslim Women ◽  
Legal Reform ◽  
Textual Studies ◽  
Religious Law ◽  
Legal Texts

My dissertation attends to the complex and very fraught relationship that women have with their sacred scriptures by examining overlapping conceptions of religious law and legal reform among Jewish and Muslim women who actively study and interpret traditional texts. My project hopes to address what it is that animates Muslim and Jewish women’s interests in textual studies and how close engagement with religious legal texts might contribute to their development as particularized religious subjects.

Մեսրոպ Մաշտոցի անվան հին ձեռագրերի ինստիտուտի արաբատառ ֆոնդի թիվ 1713 և Սաուդ թագավոր համալսարանի թիվ 6770 ձեռագրերում առկա մեկնաբանությունների և ծանոթագրությունների համեմատական բնութագիրը

2021 ◽  
pp. 136-143
Author(s):  
Vahe Hakobyan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Law School ◽  
King Saud University ◽  
Religious Law ◽  
Ancient Manuscripts ◽  
Comparative Description

The purpose of this article is to analyze the two manuscript versions of the work «The Confluence of the seas» composed by Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Halabi the prominent religious scholar who is also considered to be one of the outstanding representatives of the Hanafi religious law school, written by two different writers. The tasks arising from this goal are: to study the manuscript version of the work «Multaqa al-ābḥur» kept at the Mesrop Mashtots Institute of Ancient Manuscripts (Matenadaran, No. 1713) and the manuscript of the same work kept at King Saud University (No. 6770) and present a comparative description of the comments and footnotes in them. During the research various methods were used such as: the complex and systematic study method, methods of comparative analysis and juxtapose. As a result of our research it was concluded that there are clear and distinct differences in the comments and footnotes to the two manuscripts. There are chapters and subsections in which the commentators did not comment at all. Mostly, comments were made on those passages which the commentators found difficult for readers to understand.

Byzantine Religious Law in Medieval Italy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Morton
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Canon Law ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Norman Conquest ◽  
Medieval Italy ◽  
Religious Law ◽  
History Of ◽  
Byzantine Church

This book is a historical study of these manuscripts, exploring how and why the Greek Christians of medieval southern Italy persisted in using them so long after the end of Byzantine rule. Southern Italy was conquered by the Norman Hauteville dynasty in the late eleventh century after over 500 years of continuous Byzantine rule. At a stroke, the region’s Greek Christian inhabitants were cut off from their Orthodox compatriots in Byzantium and became subject to the spiritual and legal jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic popes. Nonetheless, they continued to follow the religious laws of the Byzantine church; out of thirty-six surviving manuscripts of Byzantine canon law produced between the tenth and fourteenth centuries, the majority date to the centuries after the Norman conquest. Part I provides an overview of the source material and the history of Italo-Greek Christianity. Part II examines the development of Italo-Greek canon law manuscripts from the last century of Byzantine rule to the late twelfth century, arguing that the Normans’ opposition to papal authority created a laissez faire atmosphere in which Greek Christians could continue to follow Byzantine religious law unchallenged. Finally, Part III analyses the papacy’s successful efforts to assert its jurisdiction over southern Italy in the later Middle Ages. While this brought about the end of Byzantine canon law as an effective legal system in the region, the Italo-Greeks still drew on their legal heritage to explain and justify their distinctive religious rites to their Latin neighbours.

scholarly journals Pembuatan Alat Pencuci Kaki Otomatis Berbasis Mikrokontroler AtMega16

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hanggoro Aji Al Kautsar ◽  
Sujiliani Heristian ◽  
Rachmat Adi Purnama ◽  
Agus Tri Purnomo ◽  
Ehon Abdulmanan
Keyword(s):  
Human Presence ◽  
Lower Terrace ◽  
Religious Law ◽  
The Law

Prayer is an obligation that must not be abandoned except because of aging or obstruction that is justified by religious law, such as; women who have menstruation or postpartum. The person who leaves the prayer without a reason that is justified in the shari'ah of the law is an infidel. One of the conditions of prayer is in a holy and clean condition, but researchers can see the condition of a prayer house or mosque, the condition of the lower floor is dirty because many people pass by stepping on the floor of the lower terrace with the condition of using shoes. There is also a new one from the bathroom with no feet who then stepped on the floor. Stepping on a dirty floor will cause doubts. To cancel these doubts, it is better for researchers to maintain proper ablution conditions. Therefore, researchers made Automatic Foot Washers with Pear Sensors Based on Atmega Microcontroller 16. PIR (Pasive Infra Read) is one tool that can be used as a sensor to detect human presence which is then developed into an automatic footwashing device. And with the addition of an automatic door, the pilgrims will be orderly to wash their feet before entering the mosque. As well as the drying fan that the researcher added after the doorstop will make the pilgrim's feet dry immediately before stepping on the prayer area at the mosque.

scholarly journals Legal Certainty on The Implementation of Death Criminal Decisions that have Permanent Law Power in Indonesia(A Review of the Death Criminal Decision on Narcotics in 2014-2018)

2021 ◽  
Vol 07 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
ALI JOHARDI WIROGIOTO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Research Method ◽  
First Principle ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Religious Law ◽  
The Republic ◽  
International Conventions ◽  
Principle Of Legality

The principle of legal certainty applied to the principle of extra ordinary crime is contrary to the respect for humanity as the most fundamental human rights principle and the principle of legality is associated with positive law and international conventions. The results of this study are intended to seek or find arguments for the certainty of the execution of the death penalty for the community, family, convicts and the state, so that the research on death penalty decisions in narcotics cases that occurred from 2014 to 2018. This research method is included in normative juridical law research. The conclusion is, sentencing with the threat of the death penalty can still be applied in Indonesia in narcotics crime cases is appropriate. Therefore, the death penalty, of course, state law does not conflict with religious law/teachings, in other words, the death penalty does not conflict with the first precepts because the first principle of Pancasila is Belief in One God, which means based on the beliefs/religions of each person who in carrying out/believes His religion is also guaranteed in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, which is contained in Article 28 E paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) and Article 29 paragraph (2).

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