scholarly journals Molecular screening indicates high prevalence and mixed infections of Hepatozoon parasites in wild felines from South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Harris ◽  
Dimitra Sergiadou ◽  
Ali Halajian ◽  
Lourens Swanepoel ◽  
Francois Roux
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Molecular Screening ◽  
Protozoan Parasites ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Hepatozoon Felis ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Rrna Sequences

Genetic diversity within partial 18S rRNA sequences from Hepatozoon protozoan parasites from wild felines in South Africa was assessed and compared with data from domestic cats to assess patterns of host specificity. Lions, leopards, servals, a caracal and an African wildcat were all positive for parasites of the Hepatozoon felis-complex. However, haplotypes were not species-specific, and potential mixed infections were widespread. Additional genetic markers are needed to untangle the extremely complex situation of these parasites in both domestic cats and wild felines in South Africa.

scholarly journals Screening for Hepatozoon parasites in gerbils and potential predators in South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. James Harris ◽  
Ana Pereira ◽  
Ali Halajian ◽  
Wilmien J. Luus-Powell ◽  
Katlego D. Kunutu
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Hepatozoon Canis ◽  
Hepatozoon Felis ◽  
Phylogenetic Framework ◽  
Rrna Sequences ◽  
Partial 18S

Samples of gerbils and their potential predators were screened for the presence of Hepatozoon parasites (Apicomplexa: Adeleorina) using both microscopic examination and sequencing of partial 18S rRNA sequences. Positive samples were compared to published sequences in a phylogenetic framework. The results indicate that genets can be infected with Hepatozoon felis. A Cape fox was infected with Hepatozoon canis, whereas the sequence from an infected rodent fell within a group of parasites primarily recovered from other rodents and snakes.

scholarly journals Prevalence of mixed Trypanosoma congolense infections in livestock and tsetse in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Gillingwater ◽  
M.V. Mamabolo ◽  
P.O.A. Majiwa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Trypanosoma Congolense ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Disease Manifestation ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Commercial Farm ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Pcr Targeting

Trypanosoma congolense causes the most economically important animal trypanosomosis in Africa. In South Africa, a rinderpest pandemic of the 1890s removed many host animals, resulting in the near-eradication of most tsetse species. Further suppression was achieved through spraying with dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT); however, residual populations of Glossina austeni and G. brevipalpis remained in isolated pockets. A total of 506 of these tsetse flies were captured in the Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park, the St Lucia Wetland Park and Boomerang commercial farm. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to determine the infection rate and frequency of mixed infections of these flies. Additionally, 473 blood samples were collected from cattle at communal diptanks and a commercial farm in the area and each one examined by the haematocrit centrifugation technique (HCT). Furthermore, buffy coats from these blood samples were spotted onto FTA Elute cards and the DNA extracted from each one tested using 3 separate PCRs. The HCT revealed the presence of trypanosomes in only 6.6 % of the blood samples; by contrast, species-specific PCR detected trypanosome DNA in 50 % of the samples. The species-specific PCR detected trypanosome DNA in 17 % of the tsetse flies, compared with the nested PCR targeting rDNA which detected trypanosome DNA in only 14 % of the samples. Over time, the transmission of Savannah-type T. congolense and Kilifi-type T. congolense as mixed infections could have an impact on disease manifestation in different hosts in the area.

Characterization of trypanosome isolates from cattle in Uganda using species-specific DNA probes reveals predominance of mixed infections

1990 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 271-280
Author(s):  
J. H. P. Nyeko ◽  
O. K. Ole-Moiyoi ◽  
P. A. O. Majiwa ◽  
L. H. Otieno ◽  
P. M. Ociba
Keyword(s):  
Dna Probes ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Species Specific

scholarly journals High prevalence of smoking among patients with suspected tuberculosis in South Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Brunet ◽  
M. Pai ◽  
V. Davids ◽  
D. Ling ◽  
G. Paradis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Suspected Tuberculosis

scholarly journals Die vroeë kommunikasieontwikkeling van ’n groep babas met pediatriese MIV/VIGS in sorgsentrums

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Bam ◽  
Alta Kritzinger ◽  
Brenda Louw
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Developmental Needs ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Secondary Interventions ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
High Prevalence

The high prevalence and serious sequelae of the pediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV/AIDS) in South Africa pose great challenges for clinicians involved in early intervention to develop appropriate interdisciplinary programmes for primary prevention of transmission of the virus as well as secondary interventions directed at the early management of the unique combination of serious health problems, neuro-developmental needs and caregiving circumstances of the infants. Opsomming Die hoë prevalensie en ernstige gevolge van die pediatriese menslike immuniteitsgebrek-virus (MIV/VIGS) in Suid-Afrika stel groot uitdagings aan klinici betrokke by vroeë intervensie om toepaslike interdissiplinêre programme te ontwikkel vir primêre voorkoming van oordrag van die virus asook sekondêre intervensies gerig op die vroeë hantering van die babas se unieke kombinasie van ernstige Gesondheids-probleme, neuro-ontwikkelingsbehoeftes en versorgingsomstandighede. *Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of Cronobacter sakazakii isolated from different herbal teas and mixtures in Serbia

Genetika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 921-934
Author(s):  
Dragana Josic ◽  
Marija Stojanovic ◽  
Zorica Lepsanovic ◽  
Vera Katic
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Powdered Infant Formula ◽  
Cronobacter Sakazakii ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sequences Analysis ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Rrna Sequences

Cronobacter sakazakii is an important cause of human infections that can be serious and even fatal among premature neonates and immunocompromised adults or infants. Because of its high tolerance to osmotic stress, C. sakazakii is frequently isolated from dried foods, such as powdered infant formula and herbal teas. The aim of investigation was detection, identification and molecular characterization of Cronobacter sakazakii isolates from infant formula and various herbal teas collected from Serbian market and tested for import control. C. sakazakii was not detected in any of the 360 analysed samples of powdered infant formula. However, 192 out of 520 samples of herbal teas tested were positive for C. sakazakii (37.1%). The high prevalence was observed in teas for children (51.6%) and in ?baby? teas (44.1%), followed by medicinal teas (38%). The largest one-herb-teas group (221 samples) contained 72 C. sakazakii-positive samples (32.6%) and involved Sennae folium, Althaeae radix, Menthae piperitae folium, Chamomilae flos and Urticae folium teas. Molecular characterization of isolated C. sakazakii from different herbal teas by rep-PCR, RAPD and 16S rRNA sequences analysis showed the high similarity to C. sakazakii NCTC 8155. Knowing this strain as one of the most pathogenic clinical strains, our results raise concern about the safety risks these foods pose to immunocompromised and healthy consumers, especially for babies and children.

scholarly journals Structured approaches for the screening and diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis in a high prevalence region of South Africa

2009 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Hatherill ◽  
Monique Hanslo ◽  
Tony Hawkridge ◽  
Francesca Little ◽  
Lesley Workman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Childhood Tuberculosis ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Screening And Diagnosis

scholarly journals Feline leukemia in modern metropolis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (5) ◽  
pp. 14-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ирина Гулюкина ◽  
Irina Gulyukina
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Hematological Indicators ◽  
New Moscow

The article presents the data of monitoring of the epizootic situation of viral leukemia in the Moscow’s domestic cats’ population and hematological indicators of FeLv-positive animals. The infection of cats with FeLV in the Moscow metropolis was 15.8 %. Given the sample size of the investigated animals (around 1000), it is possible to conclude that the high prevalence of FeLV in the population of cats. The nature of the territorial distribution of infected animals in the Moscow metropolis shows a large incidence of the disease in the areas of New Moscow, where the animals may be kept in semi-content and also in CAD, SAD and NWAD.

scholarly journals High prevalence of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in Cape Town, South Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Whitehorn ◽  
Mkhonzeni Sibanda ◽  
Miguel Lacerda ◽  
Timothy Spracklen ◽  
Lebogang Ramma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
High Prevalence
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