scholarly journals Feline leukemia in modern metropolis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (5) ◽  
pp. 14-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ирина Гулюкина ◽  
Irina Gulyukina
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Hematological Indicators ◽  
New Moscow

The article presents the data of monitoring of the epizootic situation of viral leukemia in the Moscow’s domestic cats’ population and hematological indicators of FeLv-positive animals. The infection of cats with FeLV in the Moscow metropolis was 15.8 %. Given the sample size of the investigated animals (around 1000), it is possible to conclude that the high prevalence of FeLV in the population of cats. The nature of the territorial distribution of infected animals in the Moscow metropolis shows a large incidence of the disease in the areas of New Moscow, where the animals may be kept in semi-content and also in CAD, SAD and NWAD.

High prevalence of Borna disease virus in domestic cats with neurological disorders in Japan

1999 ◽  
Vol 70 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 153-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yurie Nakamura ◽  
Makiko Watanabe ◽  
Wataru Kamitani ◽  
Hiroyuki Taniyama ◽  
Takaaki Nakaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Borna Disease Virus ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Borna Disease

scholarly journals High Prevalence of the Liver Fluke Amphimerus sp. in Domestic Cats and Dogs in an Area for Human Amphimeriasis in Ecuador

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e0003526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Calvopiña ◽  
William Cevallos ◽  
Richard Atherton ◽  
Matthew Saunders ◽  
Alexander Small ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fluke ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
High Prevalence

Determination of plasma concentrations of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in pet cats and dogs

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 541-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oguzhan Yavuz ◽  
Handan Hilal Arslan ◽  
Cagatay Esin ◽  
Yavuz Kursad Das ◽  
Abdurrahman Aksoy
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Lipid Weight ◽  
First Time

The aim of this study was the determination of plasma concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in cats and dogs and evaluation of their prevalence and possible effects. The concentrations of nine OCPs, such as α-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), β-HCH, γ-HCH, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), aldrin, 2,4′-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (2,4′-DDT), 4,4′-DDT, 2,4′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (2,4′-DDE) and 4,4′-DDE and 16 PCBs (PCB-28, -52, -70, -74, -81, -99, -101, -118, -138, -153, -156, -170, -180, -183, -187 and -208) were evaluated in the plasma samples of pet cats ( n = 15) and dogs ( n = 21). The concentrations of OCPs ranged from 1.12 ng g−1 lipid weight (lw) to 7.65 ng g−1 lw in cats and from 1.25 ng g−1 lw to 6.79 ng g−1 lw in dogs. In addition, mean PCB levels were 0.58–5.66 and 0.52–6.62 ng g−1 lw in cats and dogs, respectively. β-HCH, γ-HCH and PCB-138 levels were significantly higher in dogs ( p < 0.05). As far as could be determined, OCPs and PCBs were detected in the plasma samples of domestic cats and dogs in Turkey for the first time. Their concentrations were similar to those reported in earlier studies abroad. However, in contrast to other research, the levels of some OCPs were higher in dogs than in cats. It is concluded that, because of their high prevalence and potential health effects in animals and humans, OCP and PCB levels should be monitored systematically in domestic cats and dogs.

scholarly journals Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths in sheep raised in intermediary geographical region of Paraiba state, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
José Gabriel Gonçalves Lins ◽  
Serginara David Rodrigues ◽  
Ana Valéria Mello de Souza Marques
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Polyethylene Bags ◽  
Positive Animal

The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) of sheep herds from twenty-three sheep farms spread in the Alto Sertão region of Paraíba state, Brazil. Sample size was obtained through a simple random sampling, which was determined from the total amount of sheep head of the microregion. It was collected 262 faecal samples directly from the rectum of the animals, conditioned in polyethylene bags previously identified and kept refrigerated until processing. Faecal egg counting was performed and cultures in pool of each farm were done separately. It was observed a prevalence of GN of 84.7% (222/262) to the evaluated sheep. Furthermore, it was noted the presence of unless one positive animal for helminths in 100.0% of sheep farms.  Among the 222 positive animals, 65.3% presented EPG<1000, 15.8% EPG among 1000-2000 and 18.9% presented EPG>2000. Recovered third stage larvae showed that the most prevalent nematode was Haemonchus sp. (79.6%), followed by Trichostrongylus sp. (13.8%), Oesophagostomum sp. (3.6%), Strongyloides sp. (2.4%) e Bunostomum sp. (0.6%). Sheep herd from the Alto Sertão region of Paraíba state presents a high prevalence of GIN.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in domestic cats from an urban area in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 2677-2686
Author(s):  
Luiz da Silveira Neto ◽  
◽  
Giovanni Widmer ◽  
Valéria Marçal Felix de Lima ◽  
Marcelo Vasconcelos Meireles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Sampling Error ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Cryptosporidium Infection ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Minimal Sample ◽  
Stool Samples

We investigated the occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts shedding by domestic cats in an urban setting. The calculation of minimum sample size was based on an estimated prevalence of 10%, 5% absolute sampling error and a 5% significance level, resulting in 138 cats. A total of 612 owners of 2,290 cats had to be contacted for achieving the minimal sample size. In the end, only 55 owners accepted to participate in this investigation. Stool samples collected from 138 dogs were examined by microscopy using modified Kinyoun acid-fast staining, capture ELISA and nested-PCR followed by sequencing. Samples were considered positive when Cryptosporidium were detected by at least two diagnostic methods. Thirteen samples were positive (9.4%; 95% CI: 4.5 - 14.3). Cryptosporidium amplicons from seven out of the 13 samples were successfully sequenced and shared 99% genetic similarity to Cryptosporidium felis, GenBank access AF112575.1 was found. We concluded that Cryptosporidium infection is common in domestic cats from urban area and veterinary practitioners should guide cat owners to adopt preventive measures against the parasite to reduce the chance of infection in cats and householders.

A CONTINUED STUDY TO DERTERMINE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AND NON-ALCOHALIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE AND ITS EFFECT ON eGFR

2021 ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
Arvind Gupta ◽  
Poonam Gupta ◽  
Anubha Srivastava ◽  
Amit Kumar Panday
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Larger Sample

Background: The present study was conduct in Motilal Nehru Medical College, Swaroop Rani Nehru Hospital Prayagraj, a tertiary care center and data was collected over a period from January 2019 to April 2020. All 78 patients of CKD attending OPD & IPD of General Medicine and Nephrology, diagnosed by suggestive symptoms and conrmed by physical examination and laboratory investigations were taken , Among the subjects, those having NAFLD were grouped as cases. Patients of Chronic Kidney disease not having NAFLD were grouped as controls. Aim & Objective: To study the prevalence of NAFLD in patients of CKD and establish the association between NAFLD and CKD by studying the effect of NAFLD on eGFR. Methodology: This was a 16 month case control study. Total 78 patients with age 18-65 years , Either sex with Chronic kidney disease diagnosed by USG, KFT, physical examination and having NAFLD Patients with known diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, diabetes and/or hypothyroidism. Those on hepatotoxic medication (amiodarone, barbiturates, glucocorticoids, etc.). The data so collected was entered into computer using Microsoft Excel 2013 software and was subjected to statistical analysis. Result : The ndings of present study thus reafrm the observations of previous studies that highlight a high prevalence of NAFLD in CKD patients and link it to the deranged metabolic factors. In present study we could not found a convincing evidence supporting a relationship between NAFLD and its severity with progression of CKD, probably owing to three major factors – rst, owing to Discussion 71 limitation of study population in only CKD stage 3 and secondly, owing to absence of retrospective data tracing the time of development of NAFLD in these patients and thirdly, inability to carry out long-time follow-up of patients. In present study, though minor changes in eGFR values in patients were seen, however, during the limited period of follow-up no shift from Stage 3 to other stages of CKD was observed. All the patients were regular in follow-up and had a good medical compliance and in general did not show a phenomenal deterioration in renal function within the short span of study. Keeping in view these limitations, further studies are recommended on a larger sample size with inclusion of patients from different stages of CKD spanning over a longer duration of follow-up to see whether NAFLD presence and its severity has a relationship with long-term progression of CKD. Conclusion: The present study showed that, CKD patients had a high prevalence of NAFLD. The ndings also show that FIB-4 scores are useful noninvasive methods for detection of NAFLD in CKD patients. The ndings showed a possible signicant association between NAFLD and lower eGFR rates. One of the limitations of the present study was presence of only Stage 3 CKD patients, owing to which the linear correlations between eGFR and NAFLD severity could not be assessed properly. Further studies on larger sample size with inclusion of patients with other CKD stages too are recommended.

scholarly journals Naturally occurring feline leukemia virus subgroup A and B infections in urban domestic cats

2008 ◽  
Vol 89 (11) ◽  
pp. 2799-2805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Magalhães Coelho ◽  
Maria Rosa Quaresma Bomfim ◽  
Fabíola de Andrade Caxito ◽  
Natália Almeida Ribeiro ◽  
Marcela Miranda Luppi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Felis Catus ◽  
Feline Leukemia Virus ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Proviral Dna ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Large Populations

A nested-PCR (n-PCR) was used to detect feline leukemia virus (FeLV) proviral DNA in blood samples from 464 sick and 608 healthy domestic cats (Felis catus) selected by convenience, and a significantly high prevalence of FeLV infection was observed. n-PCR results revealed the presence of FeLV proviral DNA in 47.2 % of sick cats and 47.4 % of healthy cats. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that FeLV samples from healthy or sick cats were grouped into separate clades. We determined FeLV subgroups by an n-PCR based on the envelope (env) gene. The partial env gene of FeLV Minas Gerais (MG) samples were compared to various exogenous FeLV isolates and endogenous (enFeLV) provirus from the same region. FeLV-B MG samples were more similar to endogenous sequences and to natural FeLV-B isolates than to either FeLV-A or FeLV-C. The results revealed the circulation of FeLV-B in large populations of urban domestic cats in Brazil.

scholarly journals An Opportunistic Survey Reveals an Unexpected Coronavirus Diversity Hotspot in North America

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2016
Author(s):  
Hon S. Ip ◽  
Kathryn M. Griffin ◽  
Jeffrey D. Messer ◽  
Megan E. Winzeler ◽  
Susan A. Shriner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
One Health ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Health Response ◽  
High Prevalence

In summer 2020, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was detected on mink farms in Utah. An interagency One Health response was initiated to assess the extent of the outbreak and included sampling animals from on or near affected mink farms and testing them for SARS-CoV-2 and non-SARS coronaviruses. Among the 365 animals sampled, including domestic cats, mink, rodents, raccoons, and skunks, 261 (72%) of the animals harbored at least one coronavirus. Among the samples that could be further characterized, 127 alphacoronaviruses and 88 betacoronaviruses (including 74 detections of SARS-CoV-2 in mink) were identified. Moreover, at least 10% (n = 27) of the coronavirus-positive animals were found to be co-infected with more than one coronavirus. Our findings indicate an unexpectedly high prevalence of coronavirus among the domestic and wild free-roaming animals tested on mink farms. These results raise the possibility that mink farms could be potential hot spots for future trans-species viral spillover and the emergence of new pandemic coronaviruses.

scholarly journals Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in domestic cats from the Brazilian semi-arid: seroprevalence and risk factors

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1060-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.F. Feitosa ◽  
V.L.R. Vilela ◽  
E.S. Dantas ◽  
D.V.O. Souto ◽  
H.F.J. Pena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescent ◽  
Immunofluorescent Antibody Test ◽  
Semi Arid

In the present study we aimed to establish the seroprevalence of T. gondii and N. caninum in stray and domiciled cats from the municipality of Patos, Paraíba state, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 201 animals: 132 domiciled cats and 69 stray cats. An epidemiological questionnaire was conducted with all cat owners. Indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was performed at cut-offs of 1:16 and 1:50 for T. gondii and N. caninum, respectively. Overall prevalence of seroreagent cats for T. gondii was 43.8%. We found a prevalence of 47.7% in domiciled cats and 36.2% in stray cats. Antibody titers ranged from 1:16 (cut-off) to 1:8192; 1:128 was the most frequent titer. No statistical difference was observed between domiciled cats and stray cats. Correlation was verified between seroreagent for T. gondii and age and hunting habit (P<0.05). No animals tested seroreagent for N. caninum. It was possible to conclude that there is high prevalence of cat seroreagent for T. gondii and that N. caninum is not present in cats from the area studied.

scholarly journals Burnout Syndrome and Meta-Analyses: Need for Evidence-Based Research in Occupational Health. Comments on Prevalence of Burnout in Medical and Surgical Residents: A Meta-Analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health. 2019, 16, doi:10.3390/ijerph16091479

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Chirico ◽  
Nicola Magnavita
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Surgical Residents ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Almost All

In their meta-analysis of observational studies, Low et al. showed a high prevalence of burnout syndrome (BOS) among medical and surgical residents across the globe with an aggregate prevalence of burnout as 51.0% (CI: 45.0–57%). However, the sample size in many of the included studies was quite low (only 26 out of 47 included studies had a sample size of more than 100 participants), and almost all of the 47 studies reported a rate of respondents of less than 80% (43 out of 47, 91.4%). Furthermore, in many of them, the rate of respondents was unknown (5 out of 47) or less than 50% of eligible persons (23 out of 47 studies). As BOS is a self-reported syndrome, healthcare professionals who decided to participate in those studies were many of those affected by BOS, making the percentage of respondents potentially overstated due to the nonresponse bias. Policy decision-making in public health relies on evidence-based research; therefore, quality evaluation of studies in meta-analysis is essential to draw useful data for policymakers.

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