scholarly journals Identifying factors associated with the discharge of male State patients from Weskoppies Hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riaan G. Prinsloo ◽  
Andre Swanepoel ◽  
Gian Lippi
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of

Background: Designated psychiatric facilities are responsible for the care, treatment and reintegration of State patients. The necessary long-term care places a considerable strain on health-care resources. Resource use should be optimised while managing the risks that patients pose to themselves and the community. Identifying unique factors associated with earlier discharge may decrease the length of stay. Factors associated with protracted inpatient care without discharge could identify patients who require early and urgent intervention.Aim: We identify socio-economic, demographic, psychiatric and charge-related factors associated with the discharge of male State patients.Methods: We reviewed the files of discharged and admitted forensic State patients at Weskoppies Psychiatric Hospital. Data were captured in an electronic recording sheet. The association between factors and the outcome measure (discharged vs. admitted) was determined using chi-squared tests and Fischer’s exact tests.Results: Discharged State patients were associated with being a primary caregiver (p = 0.031) having good insight into illness (p = 0.025) or offence (p = 0.005) and having had multiple successful leaves of absences. A lack of substance abuse during admission (p = 0.027), an absence of a diagnosis of substance use disorder (p = 0.013) and the absence of verbal and physical aggression (p = 0.002 and p = 0.016) were associated with being discharged. Prolonged total length of stay (9–12 years, p = 0.031) and prolonged length of stay in open wards (6–9 years, p = 0.000) were associated with being discharged. A history of previous offences (p = 0.022), a diagnosis of substance use disorder (p = 0.023), recent substance abuse (p = 0.018) and a history of physical aggression since admission (p = 0.017) were associated with continued admission.Conclusion: Discharge of State patients is associated with an absence of substance abuse, lack of aggression, multiple successful leave of absences and length of stay in hospital.

scholarly journals Mindfulness-based Intervention and Relapse Rates in Adults with a History of Substance Use Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Tamieko Ross-Ansayo
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Practice Problem ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Risk Of Relapse

Practice Problem: Substance abuse disorder (SUD) has become an increasingly prevalent community health problem worldwide, affecting individuals in all geographical regions regardless of age, race, sex, and socioeconomic status, despite decades of efforts to find a solution (Bowen et al., 2014). A lack of treatment engagement and substance‐misuse crisis calls attention to the effectiveness of relapse‐sensitive care and treatments. PICOT: The question addressed in this evidence-based project was “ In adults over 18 years of age with substance use disorder (P), how does the effect of mindfulness-based treatment (I), compared with no mindfulness-based treatment (C), reduce the risk of relapse (O), in 3 months (T)?” Evidence: Evidence exists to support that Mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) significantly reduced the incidence of relapse in adult patients with a history of SUD by decreasing symptoms related to substance abuse craving or use. Intervention: Mindfulness-based practice consisting of meditation and mindful breathing exercises, motivational interviewing and relapse prevention cognitive therapy was implemented to reduce incidence of relapse in adults with a history of SUD. Outcome: Findings revealed a less than 15% reduction in incidence after three months of MBI implementation. Conclusion: The results indicate that the reduction in the risk of relapse in adult patients with a history of SUD post implementation was not significantly significant. The reduction also indicated a clinically significant improvement in relapse outcomes two months after implementing MBI.

scholarly journals 2094 Validation of a set of “healthcare trust” scales for women seeking substance abuse treatment in community-based settings

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. 76-77
Author(s):  
Joshua Cockroft ◽  
Deondria Matlock ◽  
Susie Adams
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Abuse Treatment ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Community Based ◽  
History Of ◽  
Abuse Treatment ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: To validate previously published psychometric scales capturing interpersonal or healthcare-related trust in a target population of women with a history of substance use disorder seeking substance abuse treatment in a community-based setting. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Participants are enrolled at The Next Door, Inc. (TND) and Renewal House (RH), 2 community agencies in metropolitan Nashville that provide substance abuse treatment and post-incarceration re-entry services for women with a history of substance use disorder. We will enroll 300 participants to provide sufficient power for statistical psychometric validation. Inclusion criteria include adult women with self-identified history of substance use disorder seeking substance abuse treatment within seven days of initiation of inpatient residential or intensive outpatient treatment at TND or RH. Participants complete a one-time online survey comprising a demographics questionnaire, Rotter Interpersonal Trust Scale, Wake Forest Trust in Physician Scale, Revised Health Care System Distrust Scale, 5-item RAND Social Desirability Scale, and Adverse Childhood Events Survey. Participants then individually participate in a modified protocol of the “Trust Game.” Predictor variables for multivariate analysis collected include age, race/ethnicity, gender identification, number of days in current treatment, number of prior substance abuse treatment programs, and number of adverse childhood events. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Each individual scale will be assessed for item analysis, factor analysis, construct validity, content validity, and reliability and compared with general population sample values published in the literature. We will use multivariate analysis to determine the impact of potential predictor variables on specific types of interpersonal or healthcare-related trust. We anticipate having preliminary results to present in April. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Women who seek substance abuse treatment in the community face unique challenges compared to their male counterparts, including higher rates of prior interpersonal trauma, co-occurring psychiatric diagnoses, and more serious physical health problems. Characteristics such as these highlight the need for regular healthcare engagement in the setting of an increased risk of decreased interpersonal or healthcare-related trust. Prior qualitative research demonstrates that trust building is seen as an essential component of care in ongoing substance abuse treatment for women in this population. Validation of psychometric healthcare-related trust scales in a population of women seeking substance abuse treatment in a community based setting will provide a framework for future quantitative inquiry into the impact of healthcare-related trust on health outcomes, healthcare engagement, and treatment retention for this target population. Similarly, it will also facilitate inquiry into the effectiveness of specific treatment programs or interventions on improving therapeutic trust building.

Shapes of Subcortical Structures in Adolescents With and Without Familial History of Substance Use Disorder

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhishun Wang ◽  
Diana V. Rodriguez Moreno ◽  
Yael M. Cycowicz ◽  
Lawrence V. Amsel ◽  
Keely Cheslack-Postava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Familial History ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Quality of life and its related factors in women with substance use disorders referring to substance abuse treatment centers

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Barati ◽  
Khadijeh Bandehelahi ◽  
Tahereh Nopasandasil ◽  
Hanieh Jormand ◽  
Amir Keshavarzi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Abuse Treatment ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Substance Abuse Treatment Centers ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Abuse Treatment

Abstract Background Substance-Related Disorders are among the most common social problems caused by using legal and illegal substances. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the quality of life (QoL) and its related factors among women with substance use disorders referring to substance abuse treatment centers in Hamadan, west of Iran. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out on 120 Iranian female substance users recruited through the census sampling method in 2018. Data collection tools consisted of demographic characteristics and QoL assessment (SF-36). Data were analyzed using SPSS-16 via one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square tests. Results The mean age of the participants was 33.2 ± 12.1 years and the mean score of their total QoL was 35.35 ± 13.5. The results of multiple linear regression analysis indicated that using methamphetamine (β =  − 6.62) was the predictor of QoL in women. Moreover, there was a significant association between QoL and age (p < 0.001), educational level (p = 0.011), and age at first use (p < 0.001). Conclusion According to the results, the participants’ QoL was found to be at an unsatisfactory level. So, it is essential to implement educational help-seeking behavior for treatment and effectiveness educational, as well as holding mental health intervention, school-based substance abuse prevention, and harm reduction programs of substance use. This is especially important in adolescents, young, low-educated, early drug use, and methamphetamine user women, as it may increase the QoL

scholarly journals White matter integrity and functional connectivity in adolescents with a parental history of substance use disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 100037
Author(s):  
Xiaofu He ◽  
Diana V. Rodriguez-Moreno ◽  
Yael M. Cycowicz ◽  
Keely Cheslack-Postava ◽  
Huilan Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Parental History ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Psychosocial and neural indicators of resilience among youth with a family history of substance use disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 198-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan E. Martz ◽  
Robert A. Zucker ◽  
John E. Schulenberg ◽  
Mary M. Heitzeg
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Family History ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
History Of
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