scholarly journals Biotegnologie — ’n Nuwe benadering in planteteling

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
D. I. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Global Approach ◽  
Recombinant Dna Technology ◽  
Half Century ◽  
Dna Technology

Conventional plant breeding has made a significant impact on the increase in crop production during the last half century. Several shortcomings however, opened up the opportunities for the application of biotechnology in plant breeding. The vari­ous approaches in the field of cell biology (tissue culture) and molecular biology (recombinant DNA technology) are dis­cussed and the application thereof is advocated in a global approach to plant breeding.

scholarly journals James Watson’s genius (dedicated to the 90th birth anniversary)

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 363-367
Author(s):  
H. B. Humeniuk ◽  
M. Z. Mosula ◽  
I. B. Chen ◽  
N. M. Drobyk
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Double Helix ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Recombinant Dna Technology ◽  
Molecular Oncology ◽  
Double Helix Structure

The scientific and organizational activities of the worldwide known scientist in the field of molecular biology James Dewey Watson were described in this article. 55 years ago James Watson and Francis Crick made one of the key discoveries of the twentieth century. They have found that DNA has a double helix structure. This discovery was based on the X-rays patterns obtained by Maurice Wilkson and Rosalind Franklin. Subsequently, this DNA model had been proved, and J. Watson and F. Crick were awarded with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1962. Since, our knowledge of the main molecule of life has been greatly expanded. A significant flowering of molecular genetics has began: synthesis of RNA and DNA in vitro, decoding of genetic code, recombinant DNA technology, genetic engineering, sequencing of genomes and post genomic technologies. James Watson is one of the authors of the cell biology classic textbook “Molecular Biology of the Cell”. In addition, he has developed the current areas of molecular biology such as  molecular oncology and molecular neurobiology. Today genomes of different animals and humans have been decoded and the functions of many genes have been determined. But at present still unknown how the DNA starts and how it affects the work of the organs and the organism as a system. Keywords: James Watson, DNA structure, Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine, Molecular Biology of the Cell.

Enzymatic Research Having Pharmaceutical Significance

2018 ◽  
pp. 141-158
Author(s):  
Ishan H. Raval ◽  
Arvind Kumar Singh Chandel
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Recombinant Enzymes ◽  
Recombinant Dna Technology ◽  
Biochemical Investigation ◽  
Treatment Information ◽  
Dna Technology ◽  
Therapeutic Enzymes

The enzymes' biocatalysts act by lowering the activation energy without getting consumed in the reaction. The immense number of enzymes acts as a correctly matched orchestra to ensure that enormously complex life mechanisms and processes occur in a right direction. Sufficient quantity and accurate function of enzymes results in proper functional maintenance of body. The enzymes play a major role in the diagnosis, curing, biochemical investigation, and monitoring of many dreaded diseases of the century. The development of recombinant DNA technology had a significant impression on production levels of enzymes. Around 50% of the enzyme market is covered by recombinant enzymes. Because of development in molecular biology tools, several pharmaceutically enzymes have been identified and are being actively used in the pharmaceutical industry either for diagnostic or treatment. Information on this topic is very insufficient, and thus, the present chapter is an attempt to compile information on the sources, properties and applications of important therapeutic enzymes.

Molecular Biology of Gaucher Disease: Therapeutic Strategies Utilizing Recombinant DNA Technology

1988 ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Brian M. Martin ◽  
Shoji Tsuji ◽  
Mary E. LaMarca ◽  
Kara Maysak ◽  
William Eliason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Gaucher Disease ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Recombinant Dna Technology ◽  
Dna Technology

scholarly journals Molecular Biology in the Improvement of Biological Nitrogen Fixation by Rhizobia and Extending the Scope to Cereals

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Ravinder K. Goyal ◽  
Maria Augusta Schmidt ◽  
Michael F. Hynes
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Recombinant Dna Technology ◽  
Total N ◽  
Symbiotic Associations ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

The contribution of biological nitrogen fixation to the total N requirement of food and feed crops diminished in importance with the advent of synthetic N fertilizers, which fueled the “green revolution”. Despite being environmentally unfriendly, the synthetic versions gained prominence primarily due to their low cost, and the fact that most important staple crops never evolved symbiotic associations with bacteria. In the recent past, advances in our knowledge of symbiosis and nitrogen fixation and the development and application of recombinant DNA technology have created opportunities that could help increase the share of symbiotically-driven nitrogen in global consumption. With the availability of molecular biology tools, rapid improvements in symbiotic characteristics of rhizobial strains became possible. Further, the technology allowed probing the possibility of establishing a symbiotic dialogue between rhizobia and cereals. Because the evolutionary process did not forge a symbiotic relationship with the latter, the potential of molecular manipulations has been tested to incorporate a functional mechanism of nitrogen reduction independent of microbes. In this review, we discuss various strategies applied to improve rhizobial strains for higher nitrogen fixation efficiency, more competitiveness and enhanced fitness under unfavorable environments. The challenges and progress made towards nitrogen self-sufficiency of cereals are also reviewed. An approach to integrate the genetically modified elite rhizobia strains in crop production systems is highlighted.

scholarly journals Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology in Gastrointestinal Medicine and Hepatology: Basic Paradigms of Molecular Cell Biology. Part A: Eukaryotic Gene Structure and DNA Replication

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
Gary E Wild ◽  
Patrizia Papalia ◽  
Mark J Ropeleski ◽  
Julio Faria ◽  
Alan BR Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Core Knowledge ◽  
Recombinant Dna Technology ◽  
New Information ◽  
Eukaryotic Gene ◽  
Dna Technology ◽  
Medical Subspecialty ◽  
Molecular Pathophysiology

Progress in the basic sciences of cell and molecular biology has provided an exciting dimension that has translated into clinically relevant information in every medical subspecialty. Importantly, the application of recombinant DNA technology has played a major role in unravelling the intricacies related to the molecular pathophysiology of disease. This series of review articles constitutes a framework for the integration of the database of new information into the core knowledge base of concepts related to the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal disorders and liver disease. The goal of this series of three articles is to review the basic principles of eukaryotic gene expression. The first article examines the role of DNA in directing the flow of genetic information in eukaryotic cells.

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