scholarly journals Effect of at-home bleaching with different thickeners and aging on physical properties of a nanocomposite

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 082-091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thayla Hellen Nunes Gouveia ◽  
Juliana do Carmo Públio ◽  
Glaucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano ◽  
Luís Alexandre Maffei Sartini Paulillo ◽  
Flávio Henrique Baggio Aguiar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Artificial Aging ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Knoop Microhardness

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the influence of 16% carbamide peroxide (CP) containing different thickeners on the physical characteristics of a nanocomposite resin submitted or not to accelerated artificial aging (AAA). Materials and Methods: One hundred samples were randomly distributed into two groups (n = 50) according to AAA. Each group was divided into 5 subgroups (n = 10) depending on the bleaching/thickener treatment: CP + carbopol, CP + natrosol, carbopol, natrosol, and no treatment (control). The physical properties tested were color (ΔE), gloss (GU), mean roughness (Ra), and Knoop microhardness (KHN). The resin surface was performed with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Statistical Analysis: The color (variable Δ E) was assessed with two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and additionally with Tukey's and Dunnett's tests, the roughness values were submitted to Kruskal–Wallis, Dunn's, and Mann–Whitney's tests. Data on gloss and KHN were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). Results: Among the physical properties evaluated, CP + carbopol promoted a reduction in composite microhardness only, thus differing statistically from the controls. As for CP + natrosol, such a change was not observed. The aging process reduced all the physical properties, thus differing statistically from the nonaging group. CP + carbopol increased the roughness and decreased the gloss of aged resins, whereas natrosol reduced gloss only, which differed statistically from the controls. Conclusions: AFM showed evidence of the loss of organic matrix and exposure to load particles in the aged samples. Therefore, the replacement of carbopol with natrosol provided maintenance of the composite microhardness following bleaching. The aging process reduced the physical properties evaluated, and some changes were enhanced by the application of bleaching.

In Operando Detection of the Physical Properties Change of the Interfacial Electrolyte during Li-Metal Electrode Reaction by Atomic Force Microscopy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsunori Kitta
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Electrode Surface ◽  
Electrode Reaction ◽  
Metal Electrode ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Discharge Reaction

This manuscript propose the operando detection technique of the physical properties change of electrolyte during Li-metal battery operation.The physical properties of electrolyte solution such as viscosity (η) and mass densities (ρ) highly affect the feature of electrochemical Li-metal deposition on the Li-metal electrode surface. Therefore, the operando technique for detection these properties change near the electrode surface is highly needed to investigate the true reaction of Li-metal electrode. Here, this study proved that one of the atomic force microscopy based analysis, energy dissipation analysis of cantilever during force curve motion, was really promising for the direct investigation of that. The solution drag of electrolyte, which is controlled by the physical properties, is directly concern the energy dissipation of cantilever motion. In the experiment, increasing the energy dissipation was really observed during the Li-metal dissolution (discharge) reaction, understanding as the increment of η and ρ of electrolyte via increasing of Li-ion concentration. Further, the dissipation energy change was well synchronized to the charge-discharge reaction of Li-metal electrode.This study is the first report for direct observation of the physical properties change of electrolyte on Li-metal electrode reaction, and proposed technique should be widely interesting to the basic interfacial electrochemistry, fundamental researches of solid-liquid interface, as well as the battery researches.

Protective Coating Based on Organic Silicon Polymer of Ladder Structure Nanostructured with Alkoxysilane

2020 ◽  
Vol 992 ◽  
pp. 580-584
Author(s):  
V.Yu. Chukhlanov ◽  
O.G. Selivanov ◽  
N.V. Chukhlanova
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Protective Coating ◽  
Silicon Oxide ◽  
Polymer Composition ◽  
Orthosilicic Acid ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Destruction Kinetics ◽  
The Impact

New materials based on oligooxidridsilmethylensiloxysilane nanostructured with ethyl ester of orthosilicic acid – tetraethoxysilane have been studied in the research. Tetraethoxysilane introduction into the composition is supposed to cause its decomposition up to nanoparticles of silicon oxide. The alkoxysilane hydrolytic destruction kinetics and the impact of the composition and nature of the polymer composition components on the physical properties have been studied. Atomic force microscopy was used to study the structurization kinetics of the polymer composition. The composition hydrophobicity was determined by the edge wetting angle. To study the adhesion characteristics of the obtained material, the method of disc separation from the substrate has been used. The relative rigidity has been determined by a pendulum device M3. Atomic force microscopy revealed the presence of nanoscale neoplasms (at average of one hundred twenty per one square micrometer) in diameter from two to five nanometers in the surface structure of the composition, modified with tetraethoxysilane. Herewith the physical properties of the material change: rigidity increases, the edge angle of wetting increases as well. The studied nanostructured compositions can also be applied. For example – they can be used as a protective coating with a set of special properties, such as high hydrophobicity.

Immobilisation and characterisation of the demineralised, fully hydrated organic matrix of nacre – An atomic force microscopy study

Micron ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 1351-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malte Launspach ◽  
Klaudia Rückmann ◽  
Meike Gummich ◽  
Hanna Rademaker ◽  
Holger Doschke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy Study ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force

scholarly journals Improved Measurements of the Physical Properties of Oriental Lacquers Using Atomic Force Microscopy and a Nanoindenter

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1395
Author(s):  
Hye Hyun Yu ◽  
Jung-Ah Lim ◽  
Kang-Bong Lee ◽  
Yeonhee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Oriental Lacquer

Researchers have widely investigated Oriental lacquers to identify the chemical composition and have elucidated corresponding polymerization mechanisms using rigorous analytical techniques. However, researchers generally test the physical properties of Oriental lacquers by conventional methods that are perhaps overly simplistic. Here, we propose accurate and quantitative methods for evaluating the physical properties of Korean, Vietnamese, and Myanmarese lacquer films using atomic force microscopy (AFM), a nanoindenter, and a 90° peel tester. We obtained surface images of the lacquers in accordance with drying time using scanning electron microscopy and AFM. The Korean lacquer film exhibited fast hardening speed, enhanced hardness, and strong adhesion strength compared with the other lacquers, although the Myanmarese lacquer film had a smoother surface than the Korean lacquer film. We used our characterization approach for evaluating a mixed Korean/Myanmarese (50/50 w/w) lacquer. Our proposed measurement techniques for Oriental lacquer films provided results that agreed with qualitative results from conventional tests. Force–distance curves in AFM and force–displacement with nanoindenter for Oriental lacquer films showed more accurate and quantitative data on the mechanical properties. Thus, researchers will find our approach useful when they optimize the chemical compositions and improve the physical properties of Oriental lacquer films for industrial applications.

Examination of Native and Carbamide Peroxide-bleached Human Tooth Enamel by Atomic Force Microscopy

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 189-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Mahringer ◽  
Monika Fureder ◽  
Markus Kastner ◽  
Andreas Ebner ◽  
Peter Hinterdorfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Human Tooth ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Human Tooth Enamel ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force

Polysaccharide films at an air/liquid and a liquid/silicon interface: effect of the polysaccharide and liquid type on their physical properties

Soft Matter ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (42) ◽  
pp. 8558-8572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunori Taira ◽  
Cathy E. McNamee
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Silicon Substrate ◽  
Interface Effect ◽  
Liquid Silicon ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Liquid Type ◽  
Silicon Interface

Monolayers of three polysaccharides were made at an air/water or air/pH 9 buffer and the physical properties of the monolayers transferred to a silicon substrate were investigated via atomic force microscopy.

The nanostructural unity of Mollusc shells

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Dauphin
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Mollusc Shells

AbstractCalcite and aragonite shell layers of the main classes of Molluscs are composed of monocrystalline units (prisms, tablets, laths or fibres). Scanning electron and atomic force microscopy studies show these units are composed of small round granules with a thin cortex (amorphous calcium carbonate and/or organic matrix). These granules are organo-mineral composites. A comparison of the size and shape of the granules in different taxa (Mollusca, Brachiopoda) suggests a possible relationship with taxonomy and/or phylogeny.

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