scholarly journals Ensuring precise beard and eyebrow shaping with laser: Innovative use of tongue depressor

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
SeemaSatyapal Singh ◽  
MinalPatwardhan Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Tongue Depressor

scholarly journals A Flexible Transoral Robot Towards COVID-19 Swab Sampling

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changsheng Li ◽  
Xiaoyi Gu ◽  
Xiao Xiao ◽  
Chwee Ming Lim ◽  
Xingguang Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parallel Mechanism ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Flexible Manipulator ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Visual Guidance ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Tongue Depressor ◽  
Operation Procedure ◽  
The Face ◽  
Master Device

There are high risks of infection for surgeons during the face-to-face COVID-19 swab sampling due to the novel coronavirus’s infectivity. To address this issue, we propose a flexible transoral robot with a teleoperated configuration for swab sampling. The robot comprises a flexible manipulator, an endoscope with a monitor, and a master device. A 3-prismatic-universal (3-PU) flexible parallel mechanism with 3 degrees of freedom (DOF) is used to realize the manipulator’s movements. The flexibility of the manipulator improves the safety of testees. Besides, the master device is similar to the manipulator in structure. It is easy to use for operators. Under the guidance of the vision from the endoscope, the surgeon can operate the master device to control the swab’s motion attached to the manipulator for sampling. In this paper, the robotic system, the workspace, and the operation procedure are described in detail. The tongue depressor, which is used to prevent the tongue’s interference during the sampling, is also tested. The accuracy of the manipulator under visual guidance is validated intuitively. Finally, the experiment on a human phantom is conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of the robot preliminarily.

Tongue Depressor Template for Free Fibular Flap Osteotomies in Mandibular Reconstruction

2008 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 209e-210e ◽  
Author(s):  
Lok H. Yap ◽  
Joannis Constantinides ◽  
Charles E. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Mandibular Reconstruction ◽  
Free Fibular Flap ◽  
Tongue Depressor ◽  
Fibular Flap

scholarly journals Effect of Nerve-Cutting Technique on Nerve Microstructure and Neuroma Formation

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 028-034
Author(s):  
Wayne Rummings ◽  
P. Honeycutt ◽  
Edward Jernigan ◽  
Paul Weinhold ◽  
Reid Draeger
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Tongue Depressor ◽  
Cutting Guide ◽  
Scalpel Blade ◽  
Neuroma Formation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Background Peripheral neuroma formation results from partial or complete nerve division. Elucidating measures to prevent the development of peripheral neuromas is of clinical importance. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of various surgical nerve-cutting techniques on nerve microstructure and resultant neuroma formation. Methods Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of the following nerve-cutting techniques: No. 15 scalpel blade with tongue depressor, micro-serrated scissors, nerve-cutting guide forceps with straight razor, and bipolar cauterization. The right sciatic nerve was transected using the assigned nerve-cutting technique. Neuromas were harvested 6 weeks postoperatively, and samples were obtained for histologic analysis. The contralateral sciatic nerve was transected at euthanasia and analyzed with histology and with scanning electron microscopy in a subset of the rats. Results Fifteen of the 20 rats survived the 6-week experiment. Scanning electron microscopy of the No. 15 scalpel blade group showed the most visual damage and disorganization whereas the nerve-cutting guide forceps and micro-serrated scissors groups resulted in a smooth transected surface. Bipolar cauterization appeared to enclose the fascicular architecture within a sealed epineurium. Each neuroma was significantly larger than contralateral controls. There were no significant differences in neuroma caliber between nerve transection groups. No substantial differences in microstructure were evident between transection groups. Conclusion Despite disparate microscopic appearances of the cut surfaces of nerves using various nerve-cutting techniques, we found no significant differences in the caliber or incidence of neuroma formation based on nerve-cutting technique. Nerve-cutting technique used when transecting peripheral nerves may have little bearing on the formation or size of resultant neuroma formation.

Impact of Traditional Versus Flavored Tongue Depressors on Pediatric Oropharynx Exam

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 1053-1057
Author(s):  
Brian Murray ◽  
Marina Gore ◽  
Nicole R. Leonard ◽  
Nadia M. Pearson ◽  
Jeremiah J. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Provider Perceptions ◽  
Patient Discomfort ◽  
Tongue Depressor ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Secondary Outcomes

We compared patient-reported discomfort associated with oropharynx examination using traditional (unflavored) versus flavored tongue depressors among pediatric patients presenting to the emergency department in a single-blinded, placebo-controlled randomized trial using a convenience sample ages 3 to 12 years. Our primary outcome was patient discomfort. Secondary outcomes included provider perceptions of patient discomfort, provider-reported examination ease, and caregiver perceptions of patient discomfort. Of 96 recruited patients, 92 (95.8%) completed the study. Forty-six (50%) were randomized to a traditional tongue depressor. Mean patient-reported oropharynx examination discomfort scores were 2.3 cm (95% confidence interval = 1.4-3.2 cm) with traditional tongue depressors versus 1.9 cm (95% confidence interval = 1.0-2.8 cm) with flavored tongue depressors ( P = .72). There were similarly no significant differences between the 2 arms with regard to any of the secondary outcomes. We conclude that the use of flavored tongue depressors does not appear to significantly alleviate discomfort associated with examination of the oropharynx in pediatric patients.

Localization of receptors causing hypoxic bradycardia in trout (Salmo gairdneri)

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1260-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank M. Smith ◽  
David R. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Tension ◽  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Gill Arch ◽  
Cardiac Response ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Acclimation Temperature ◽  
Tongue Depressor ◽  
Hypoxic Water ◽  
Biological Advantage

Receptors causing the cardiac response to environmental hypoxia have been located in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Intact, unrestrained trout, acclimated to7or 16 °C. showed a marked increase in ventilation and bradycardia when exposed to hypoxia at their acclimation temperature, In experiments designed to locate the site of receptors causing hypoxic bradycardia, the buccal cavity of a fish was divided into two chambers by a tongue depressor, allowing oxygen tension of water flowing over each set of gills lo be varied independently. Irrigating one set of gills with hypoxic water [Formula: see text] while flowing hyperoxic water [Formula: see text] over the other caused heart rate to fall from 42.2 ± 0.6 (± SEM) to 26.4 ± 0.5 (± SEM) beats/min after 1 min of hypoxic water flow. Dorsal aortic [Formula: see text] was always above that recorded when both sets of gills were flushed with normoxic water [Formula: see text]. Bilateral ligation of the efferent pseudobranch artery and the pseudobranch nerve (cranial nerve IX) had no effect on the cardiac response to irrigation of one set of gills by hypoxic water. Physical removal of, or section of the nerve supply (cranial nerves IX and X) to, the first gill arch eliminated hypoxic bradycardia. The biological advantage of hypoxic bradycardia is discussed and it is suggested that gill arch receptors may function to monitor and maintain oxygen tension of blood leaving the gills.

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