Consumer Behavior in the United States

Author(s):  
Sidney J. Levy ◽  
Julie Craig
1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
David McHardy Reid

“Marketing is a social and managerial process by which individuals and groups obtain what they need and want through creating and exchanging products and value with others” (Kotler 1991). This definition is based on notions of: needs, wants, demands, products, utility, value, satisfaction, exchange, transactions, relationships, markets, marketing, and marketers. The need for marketers to focus on consumer behavior flows from this widely held definition. Yet, with this focus on consumers, little strategic note has been taken of the influence of key markets on other markets. For example, the United States— in particular, California— was a major influence on style and consumer tastes in the 1970s. The world witnessed the emergence of Silicon Valley and listened to Californian sounds, which were subsequently recycled through advertising and movies. The essential purpose of this article, therefore, is to highlight the importance of the Japanese market upon others and to offer a prognosis of the impact it will have.


Author(s):  
Edward C. Miller ◽  
Thomas Griffin ◽  
Peter Di Paolo ◽  
Ed Sherbert

Hall and Hall (1990) classify German culture as a low-context culture, American culture as a medium/low-context culture, and Chinese culture as a high-context culture. A low-context culture is one where the words contain most of the information needed and there is little need to rely on the context of the events/message to help interpreting the meaning of the message/events. In contrast, a high-context culture is one where the context of the message is as important as or even more important than the words. This paper focuses on selected cultural differences among Germany, United States, and China, and the impact of these differences on the various aspects of consumer behavior. Specifically, it is focusing on the impact of cultural context on the effectiveness of the different styles of advertising.


2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 528-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terrence H. Witkowski

The overcompensation thesis posits that men react to gender insecurities by demonstrating their masculinity in extreme ways, some of which include highly gendered forms of consumer behavior known as male compensatory consumption. Though such consumption can be relatively benign, even healthy and positive, several forms of male compensatory behavior might harm public safety, the environment, and social accord. Support for the thesis exists, but is not overwhelming and further research is needed. This article approaches compensatory consumption in the United States from a historical perspective. It presents evidence from four separate periods – circa 1900, the 1930s, the 1950s, and circa 2000 – showing cultural continuities and change in the meaning of masculinity, but also similarities and differences in the perceived threats, the groups of men most affected, and their responses. These historical findings provide macromarketing insights into the societal consequences of market behavior.


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