Philosophical Presuppositions of Citizenship Education and Political Liberalism

Author(s):  
Marianna Papastephanou
Philosophy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-210
Author(s):  
Christina Easton

AbstractSince 2014, British schools have been required to ‘actively promote’ the value of ‘mutual respect’ to the children in their care. This is relatively unproblematic: liberals are agreed that good citizenship education will involve teaching mutual respect. However, there is disagreement over how ‘respect’ should be understood and what it should imply for norms of respectful classroom discussion. Some political liberals have indicated that when engaging in discussion in the classroom, students should provide only neutral reasons to defend their views. This paper provides a number of arguments against this claim. For example, I argue that this norm relies on a distorted understanding of what it is to respect others and that it stifles the development of civic and epistemic virtue in the next generation of citizens. Even from within the perspective of political liberalism, there are good reasons to favour critical discussion of non-neutral reasons. Education policy should therefore accord greater priority to discussion of students’ actual motivating reasons than to discussion constrained by a norm of neutral discourse.


2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asger Sørensen

The problem that I am addressing is the lack of social cohesion in contemporary democratic countries confronted with social and environmental challenges, in particular the lack of interest of citizenship education. As a basic conceptual framework, I dismiss political liberalism in the narrow Rawlsian sense and employ social-democratic republicanism, asserting with Durkheim that only by being considered a valuable comprehensive doctrine, i.e. a comprehensive civic religion, can deliberative democracy also become an individual civic obligation and vice versa. In continuation, the idea is that democratic citizenship education may benefit from introducing into the discussion the very rich German idea of Bildung. In his didactical works, Wolfgang Klafki argues for recognizing both the classical heritage of Bildung and the ideology critique of Critical Theory, substantializing educationally the argument for coping with contemporary societal problems through democratic formation, stressing both political and environmental sustainability. Klafki’s didactics is clearly political, relating explicitly to questions of justice, also in the classroom. It does, however, also aims to be a theory of learning, teaching and schooling as such, emphasizing thus the importance of cultural Bildung and problem solving in addition to political democracy for citizenship education. This implies appreciating other non-political, apolitical and supra-political aspects of human life, recognizing for instance as legitimate both basic human rights and anarchist recalcitrance. This very liberal emphasis, however, also has an important implication for republican and deliberative social democracy, namely by stressing that a truly democratic education implies the mutual recognition of the individual other in her or his substantial singular otherness. ————————————————————————————————————————- Le problème abordé ici est celui de l’absence de cohésion sociale dans les démocraties contemporaines et, en particulier, de l’absence d’intérêt pour l’éducation à la citoyenneté. J’ai choisi ici de rejeter le concept du libéralisme politique au sens étroit de Rawls, et de placer ma réflexion dans la perspective du républicanisme social-démocrate en affirmant avec Durkheim que c’est seulement si on la considère comme une doctrine complète de valeurs, c’est-à-dire une religion civique complète, que la démocratie délibérative pourra aussi devenir une obligation civique individuelle et vice versa. En poursuivant cette idée, l’éducation citoyenne démocratique pourrait bénéficier de l’introduction dans le débat du concept allemand de Bildung qui s’avère être d’une très grande richesse. Dans ses travaux didactiques, Wolfgang Klafki insiste sur la nécessité de reconnaître à la fois l’héritage classique de la Bildung et l’idéologie critique de la Théorie critique, en concrétisant de manière pédagogique les débats sur les problèmes contemporains sociétaux à travers une formation démocratique et en mettant l’accent sur la durabilité politique et la durabilité environnementale. La didactique de Klafki est clairement politique, connectée explicitement aux questions de justice que l’on trouve également dans la salle de classe. Toutefois, elle vise aussi à être une théorie de l’apprentissage et du parcours scolaire, soulignant ainsi l’importance de la Bildung culturelle et de la résolution de problèmes en plus de la démocratie politique quant à l’éducation citoyenne. Cela implique la prise en compte d’autres aspects de la vie humaine – le non-politique, l’apolitique et le supra-politique – reconnaissant par exemple comme légitimes à la fois les droits humains et la récalcitrance anarchiste. Toutefois, cet accent très libéral a aussi une implication importante pour la démocratie sociale, républicaine et délibérative, notamment en soulignant qu’une véritable éducation démocratique implique la reconnaissance mutuelle des personnes dans leur altérité si importante et particulière.


2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 781-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blain Neufeld

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusmaneti Yusmaneti

This research is based on the low learning outcomes of Citizenship Education for fourth grade students of State Primary School 010, Pulau Aro, Kuantan Tengah Subdistrict, Kuantan Singingi Regency, from 12 students only 5 (41.66%) who achieved the minimum completeness criteria determined by the school at 70 with an average score amounting to 65.4. The research aims to improve the learning outcomes of Citizenship Education through the application of problem based intruction models. The results of the study show, during the learning process before using the problem-based learning model, the average score was 65.4 with incomplete categories and after using the learning model based on the average problem of student learning outcomes in the first cycle to 79.7 with complete categories while in the cycle II has increased again to 87.6 with complete categories. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that through the application of problem-based learning models (Problem Based Intruction) can improve Student Grade 4 Citizenship Education Learning Outcomes of State Primary School 010, Pulau Aro, Kuantan Tengah Subdistrict, Kuantan Singingi Regency.


Author(s):  
Daniel A. Dombrowski

In this work two key theses are defended: political liberalism is a processual (rather than a static) view and process thinkers should be political liberals. Three major figures are considered (Rawls, Whitehead, Hartshorne) in the effort to show the superiority of political liberalism to its illiberal alternatives on the political right and left. Further, a politically liberal stance regarding nonhuman animals and the environment is articulated. It is typical for debates in political philosophy to be adrift regarding the concept of method, but from start to finish this book relies on the processual method of reflective equilibrium or dialectic at its best. This is the first extended effort to argue for both political liberalism as a process-oriented view and process philosophy/theology as a politically liberal view. It is also a timely defense of political liberalism against illiberal tendencies on both the right and the left.


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