scholarly journals Validity of Caregivers’ Reports on Head Trauma Due to Falls in Young Children Aged Less than 2 Years

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. CMPed.S4624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeo Fujiwara ◽  
Hiroaki Nagase ◽  
Makiko Okuyama ◽  
Takahiro Hoshino ◽  
Kazunori Aoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Shaken Baby Syndrome ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Subdural Hemorrhage ◽  
Children's Hospitals ◽  
Children’S Hospitals ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
History Of

Objective The clinical presentations of head trauma due to falls among young children aged less than 2 years are controversial, particularly in Japan, as the history of trauma recounted by a caretaker is not always reliable. The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of caregiver's reports on head trauma due to falls in young children aged less than 2 years in Japan. Methods All patients <2 years of age presenting with head trauma resulting from a fall who were admitted to 3 children's hospitals in Japan from January 2001 to December 2005 were retrospectively reviewed (N = 58). The clinical presentations were compared among groups categorized by the heights from which the patient fell (short (≤ 120 cm) or long (>120 cm)) and the surface on which the patient landed (carpet, tatami (Japanese mattress), hardwood floor, or concrete). Results Patients who suffered short falls were more likely to present with subdural hemorrhage (SDH) than those who suffered long falls (74% and 40%, respectively, P = 0.027). More specifically, 62% of short falls showed SDH indicative of shaken baby syndrome (e.g. multilayer SDH). Neurological symptoms, cyanosis, and SDH were more commonly observed inpatients who landed on carpeted or tatami surfaces than in those who landed on hardwood or concrete floors. Conclusions Short falls and landing on soft surfaces resulted in the presentation of severer clinical symptoms than did long falls and landing on hard surfaces, suggesting that the validity of caretakers’ reports on infant or young children's head trauma due to falls is low. Further research is warranted to investigate the cause of infant head trauma due to falls.

scholarly journals Initial clinical presentation of children with acute and chronic versus acute subdural hemorrhage resulting from abusive head trauma

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth W. Feldman ◽  
Naomi F. Sugar ◽  
Samuel R. Browd
Keyword(s):  
Head Trauma ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Abusive Head Trauma ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Subdural Hemorrhage ◽  
Retinal Hemorrhages ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Multicenter Retrospective Review

OBJECT At presentation, children who have experienced abusive head trauma (AHT) often have subdural hemorrhage (SDH) that is acute, chronic, or both. Controversy exists whether the acute SDH associated with chronic SDH results from trauma or from spontaneous rebleeding. The authors compared the clinical presentations of children with AHT and acute SDH with those having acute and chronic SDH (acute/chronic SDH). METHODS The study was a multicenter retrospective review of children who had experienced AHT during 2004–2009. The authors compared the clinical and radiological characteristics of children with acute SDH to those of children with acute/chronic SDH. RESULTS The study included 383 children with AHT and either acute SDH (n = 291) or acute/chronic SDH (n = 92). The children with acute/chronic SDH were younger, had higher initial Glasgow Coma Scale scores, fewer deaths, fewer skull fractures, less parenchymal brain injury, and fewer acute noncranial fractures than did children with acute SDH. No between-group differences were found for the proportion with retinal hemorrhages, healing noncranial fractures, or acute abusive bruises. A similar proportion (approximately 80%) of children with acute/chronic SDH and with acute SDH had retinal hemorrhages or acute or healing extracranial injures. Of children with acute/chronic SDH, 20% were neurologically asymptomatic at presentation; almost half of these children were seen for macrocephaly, and for all of them, the acute SDH was completely within the area of the chronic SDH. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the presenting clinical and radiological characteristics of children with acute SDH and acute/chronic SDH caused by AHT did not differ, suggesting that repeated abuse, rather than spontaneous rebleeding, is the etiology of most acute SDH in children with chronic SDH. However, more severe neurological symptoms were more common among children with acute SDH. Children with acute/chronic SDH and asymptomatic macrocephaly have unique risks and distinct radiological and clinical characteristics.

scholarly journals Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in the pediatric population of the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Dien Bard ◽  
Moiz Bootwalla ◽  
Amy Leber ◽  
Paul Planet ◽  
Ahmed Moustafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Children's Hospitals ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
Children’S Hospitals ◽  
Report Data

The evolution of SARS-CoV2 virus has led to the emergence of variants of concern (VOC). Children, particularly <12 years old not yet eligible for vaccines, continue to be important reservoirs of SARS-CoV-2 yet VOC prevalence data in this population is lacking. We report data from a genomic surveillance program that includes 9 U.S. children's hospitals. Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genome from 2119 patients <19 years old between 03/20 to 04/21 identified 252 VOCs and 560 VOC signature mutations, most from 10/20 onwards. From 02/21 to 04/21, B.1.1.7 prevalence increased from 3.85% to 72.22% corresponding with the decline of B.1.429/B.1.427 from 51.82% to 16.67% at one institution. 71.74% of the VOC signature mutations detected were in children <12 years old, including 33 cases of B.1.1.7 and 119 of B.1.429/B.1.427. There continues to be a need for ongoing genomic surveillance, particularly among young children who will be the last groups to be vaccinated.

Ocular manifestations and prognosis of shaken baby syndrome in two Japanese children’s hospitals

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 384-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Kobayashi ◽  
Kayoko Yamada ◽  
Shizuko Ohba ◽  
Sachiko Nishina ◽  
Makiko Okuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shaken Baby Syndrome ◽  
Children's Hospitals ◽  
Ocular Manifestations ◽  
Children’S Hospitals

scholarly journals A Brief history of the Care of Children in Hospital

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 242-246
Author(s):  
Linda Shields
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Care ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Health Care Delivery System ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Children's Hospitals ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
Children’S Hospitals ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hospital Separation

Children are unique human beings who need attention from an adult including their parents in order to assist him/her to deal with problems in their childhood period. An unhealthy child needs more attention from adult person including a nurse in order to assist him/her to deal with experiences during his/her period. Children’s hospital was not always as a convenient place for unhealthy children. They were thought as places which could detach children from their parents. However, considering the history of development of children’s hospitals is important for those who are involved in nursing care for children. This article discuss about a history of children’s hospitals and focuses on how important to prepare unhealthy child to face a separation process. The article also discusses about stages through which children who are separated from their parents go.Keywords: Children, hospital, separation, health care delivery system. Abstrak Anak-anak adalah makhluk unik yang membutuhkan perhatian dari orang dewasa termasuk orang tua dalam rangka membimbing menghadapi masalah-masalah selama masa anak-anak. Seorang anak yang sakit membutuhkan lebih banyak perhatian dari orang-orang dewasa termasuk perawat dalam rangka membantunya menghadapi pengalaman selama sakit. Di masa lalu, rumah sakit anak tidak dilihat sebagai tempat yang nyaman untuk anak-anak yang sedang sakit. Rumah sakit ini telah dianggap sebaga tempat pemisah antara anak-anak dan orang tuanya. Beberapa tahun terakhir, rumah sakit di negara-negara yang sedang berkembang telah berubah citranya dari “sebuah tempat untuk: naughty boy” menjadi sebuah tempat dimana seorang anak dapat melanjutkan kegiatan hariannya dengan atau tanpa orang tua. Mempertimbangkan sejarah perkembangan rumah sakit-rumah sakit anak amat penting bagi mereka yang terlibat dalam pelayanan/asuhan keperawatan pada anak-anak. Artikel ini mendiskusikan tentang rumah sakit anak, dan berfokus pada betapa pentingnya mempersiapkan anak-anak yang sakit untuk menghadapi proses perpisahan. Artikel ini juga membahas tentang fase-fase yang harus dilalui oleh anak-anak yang dipisahkan dari orang tua selama sakit.Kata kunci: Anak-anak, rumah sakit, perpisahan, sistem pemberian asuhan keperawatan. 

scholarly journals COVID-19 in Children: Clinical Presentations and Outcomes in Fayoum Governorate, Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherin Khamis Hussein ◽  
Remon Magdy Yousef ◽  
Mohammed Masoud Mohammed ◽  
Mostafa Yehia Abdelwahed ◽  
Rehab Ahmed Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Egyptian Children ◽  
History Of ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Fayoum Governorate

Background: The number of children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) significantly increased with limited data available about Egyptian children infected with COVID-19. Objectives: The study was performed early in the pandemic to address and record different clinical presentations of COVID-19 in Egyptian children in Fayoum Governorate and determine the percentage of children with complicated COVID-19 infection. The present article describes some epidemiological characteristics, along with the clinical patterns, laboratory and radiological findings, and outcomes of pediatric patients with COVID-19 in Fayoum Governorate. Methods: A total of 200 Egyptian children with COVID-19 in Fayoum Governorate were included in this study. This study was conducted from the beginning of June 2020 to the end of October 2020. In this study, 192 children (96%) had a history of contact with either suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases in relatives. The age, gender, clinical symptoms, signs, and laboratory results were estimated. Results: About a tenth of the patients (n = 19; 9.5%) were asymptomatic. Fever and diarrhea were the most common symptoms at presentation, as it was identified in 81 children (40.5%). Lymphopenia was observed in 46.5% of the patients. The majority of the patients with respiratory symptoms had normal findings in chest X-rays (92.5%). Chest opacity was reported in 11 patients (5.5%). According to chest computed tomography, bilateral ground-glass opacity was identified in 16 patients (8.0%). Five hospitalized cases (2.5%) developed severe non-respiratory complications. One death was reported in this study. Conclusions: The COVID-19 can affect children at any age with variable presentations ranging from asymptomatic to severe symptomatic phenotypes requiring intensive care interventions.

scholarly journals The works of mercy of the russian royal house. Training in children’s diseases in the yelenin clinical institute

2018 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
F. P. Romanyuk ◽  
N. L. Vlasova
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Training ◽  
Children's Hospitals ◽  
Children’S Hospitals ◽  
Children's Diseases ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

The history of the creation of the first in the country institute of advanced training of paediatricians is intriguing by the intertwining of state tasks and personal destinies of various people: royal persons, architects, doctors. The article describes the prerequisites and tasks that were set during the arrangement, construction and the first years of operating of the Yelenin Institute. The article provides the stories of the first doctors - paediatricians of the Yelenin Institute, the main doctors of the first children’s hospitals in St. Petersburg. 

scholarly journals Non-Traumatic Acute Subdural Hemorrhage Due To Cranial Venous Hypertension

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Matthew M. Orde
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Venous Hypertension ◽  
Subdural Hemorrhage ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Common Thread ◽  
History Of

Acute subdural hemorrhage is typically associated with a history of head trauma, and as such it is a finding with significant potential medicolegal consequences. In this article, 37 adult and post-infantile pediatric sudden death autopsy cases with small volume (“thin film” or “smear”) acute subdural hemorrhage are presented—in which there is either no further evidence of head trauma or only features of minor head injury. The possible underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are explored, and it is concluded that a common thread in many of these cases is likely to have been cranial venous hypertension at around the time of death. These findings may have implications in instances where small volume subdural hemorrhage is identified in the absence of other evidence of significant head injury.

scholarly journals Hospital Admissions for Abusive Head Trauma at Children's Hospitals During COVID-19

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. e2021050361
Author(s):  
Nathan L. Maassel ◽  
Andrea G. Asnes ◽  
John M. Leventhal ◽  
Daniel G. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Head Trauma ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Abusive Head Trauma ◽  
Children's Hospitals ◽  
Children’S Hospitals
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