Interactive effect of N fertilization and tillage management on Zn biofortification in durum wheat (Triticum durum)

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 951-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaopeng Gao ◽  
Cynthia A. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Grain Zn Concentration

Gao, X. and Grant, C. A. 2011. Interactive effect of N fertilization and tillage management on Zn biofortification in durum wheat ( Triticum durum ). Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 951–960. A 3-yr field study was conducted at two locations in southwestern Manitoba, Canada, to determine the interactive effect of application of four sources of N fertilizer and two tillage management systems on grain Zn concentration of durum wheat. There was a significant year-to-year variation in grain yield and grain Zn concentration, indicating a strong environmental influence. Soil type also had a dominating effect, with grain Zn concentration generally being higher at the clay loam location than the fine sandy loam location, reflecting the native soil Zn status. Tillage management showed little influence on grain Zn, suggesting that reduced tillage practices can be adopted by local farmers without decreasing mineral concentrations in grain. Compared with the control treatment, which did not receive extra N fertilizer, N fertilization at 60 kg ha−1decreased grain Zn concentration in 4 of 6 site-years. Grain Zn accumulation was, however, generally not affected by extra N fertilization, in spite of a positive fertilization effect on grain yield. The four N sources did not differ in their effect on grain yield and grain Zn, indicating that at the rate of N applied there were no differential fertilizer source effects on Zn availability. The results of the present study suggest that for wheat production on Canadian prairies, a regular N fertilization rate using the currently registered cultivars is not likely to produce wheat grain that meets the recommended dietary allowance for Zn. Application of Zn fertilizer, in combination with optimum N fertilization or other agronomic practices that can increase grain Zn, is required to produce improved grain quality for human health.

scholarly journals Productivity and Water Use Efficiency of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Grown under Different Nitrogen Applications in Sudan Savanna Zone, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakeem A. Ajeigbe ◽  
Folorunso Mathew Akinseye ◽  
Kunihya Ayuba ◽  
Jerome Jonah
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Sudan Savanna ◽  
Savanna Zone

Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for sorghum growth and development but often becomes limiting due to low availability and loss. The effects of N fertilization on water use efficiency (WUE) and physiological and yield traits of sorghum were investigated in two locations over two cropping seasons (2014 and 2015) in the Sudan Savanna zone of Nigeria. Three sorghum varieties were evaluated under six (6) N-levels (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 kg ha−1) at a constant phosphorus and potassium level of 30 kg ha−1. Results showed that N increased grain yield by 35–64% at the Bayero University Kano (BUK) and 23–78% at Minjibir. The highest mean grain yield in the N-fertilizer treatments (2709 kg ha−1 and 1852 kg ha−1 at BUK and Minjibir, resp.) was recorded at 80 kg N ha−1. ICSV400 produced the highest mean grain yields (2677 kg ha−1 and 1848 kg ha−1 at BUK and Minjibir, resp.). Significant differences were observed among the N-levels as well as among the sorghum varieties for estimated water use efficiency (WUE). The highest mean value coincided with the highest mean grain yield at an optimum application rate of 80 kg ha−1. N-fertilizer treatments increased WUE by 48–55% at BUK and increased WUE by 54–76% at Minjibir over control treatment. Maturity and physiological trait have a significant effect on WUE. The extra early maturing variety (ICSV400) recorded the highest mean WUE while late maturing variety (CSR01) recorded the lowest WUE.

Zinc application enhances grain zinc density in genetically-zinc-biofortified wheat grown on a low-zinc calcareous soil

2018 ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Target Level ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Grain Zinc ◽  
Zn Availability ◽  
Zinc Application ◽  
Grain Zn Concentration

Human zinc (Zn) deficiency is a worldwide problem, especially in developing countries due to the prevalence of cereals in the diet. Among different alleviation strategies, genetic Zn biofortification is considered a sustainable approach. However, it may depend on Zn availability from soils. We grew Zincol-16 (genetically-Zn-biofortified wheat) and Faisalabad-08 (widely grown standard wheat) in pots with (8 mg kg−1) or without Zn application. The cultivars were grown in a low-Zn calcareous soil. The grain yield of both cultivars was significantly (P≤0.05) increased with that without Zn application. As compared to Faisalabad-08, Zincol-16 had 23 and 41% more grain Zn concentration respectively at control and applied rate of Zn. Faisalabad-08 accumulated about 18% more grain Zn concentration with Zn than Zincol-16 without Zn application. A near target level of grain Zn concentration (36 mg kg−1) was achieved in Zincol-16 only with Zn fertilisation. Over all, the findings clearly signify the importance of agronomic Zn biofortification of genetically Zn-biofortified wheat grown on a low-Zn calcareous soil.

Response of durum wheat to different levels of zinc and Fusarium pseudograminearum

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsin S. Al-Fahdawi ◽  
Jason A. Able ◽  
Margaret Evans ◽  
Amanda J. Able
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Zinc Efficiency ◽  
Fusarium Pseudograminearum ◽  
Zn Concentration

Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) is susceptible to Fusarium pseudograminearum and sensitive to zinc (Zn) deficiency in Australian soils. However, little is known about the interaction between these two potentially yield-limiting factors, especially for Australian durum varieties. The critical Zn concentration (concentration of Zn in the plant when there is a 10% reduction in yield) and degree of susceptibility to F. pseudograminearum was therefore determined for five Australian durum varieties (Yawa, Hyperno, Tjilkuri, WID802, UAD1153303). Critical Zn concentration averaged 24.6 mg kg–1 for all durum varieties but differed for the individual varieties (mg kg–1: Yawa, 21.7; Hyperno, 22.7; Tjilkuri, 24.1; WID802, 24.8; UAD1153303, 28.7). Zinc efficiency also varied amongst genotypes (39–52%). However, Zn utilisation was similar amongst genotypes under Zn-deficient or Zn-sufficient conditions (0.51–0.59 and 0.017–0.022 g DM μg–1 Zn, respectively). All varieties were susceptible to F. pseudograminearum but the development of symptoms and detrimental effect on shoot biomass and grain yield were significantly greater in Tjilkuri. Even though crown rot symptoms may still be present, the supply of adequate Zn in the soil helped to maintain biomass and grain yield in all durum varieties. However, the extent to which durum varieties were protected from plant growth penalties due to crown rot by Zn treatment was genotype-dependent.

Long term effects of tillage practices and N fertilization in rainfed Mediterranean cropping systems: durum wheat, sunflower and maize grain yield

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 166-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Seddaiu ◽  
Ileana Iocola ◽  
Roberta Farina ◽  
Roberto Orsini ◽  
Giuseppe Iezzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Maize Grain

Genetic divergence stud ies for grain yield and other quantitative traits in durum wheat (Triticum durum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1and2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Ramraj Sen ◽  
Akshay Talukdar ◽  
Mukesh Birla ◽  
Narender Singh Sipani
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Quantitative Traits

scholarly journals Zinc Biofortification in the Grains of Two Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties Through Fertilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpi Das ◽  
M. Jahiruddin ◽  
M. Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Abdullah Al Mahmud ◽  
Akbar Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Zn Concentration

We examined the effects of zinc (Zn) fertilization on wheat, focusing on yield and biofortification in the grains of two wheat varieties. Five Zn rates, i.e., 0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> applied as ZnSO<sub>4</sub>·7H<sub>2</sub>O (23% Zn), and two wheat varieties, i.e., ‘BARI Gom-25’ and ‘BARI Gom-26,’ were used in the study. All plant characteristics, except 1,000-grain weight and plant height, i.e., tillers plant<sup>−1</sup>, spikes m<sup>−2</sup>, spike length, spikelets spike<sup>−1</sup>, and grains spike<sup>−1</sup>, were significantly influenced by Zn fertilization. Treatment with 3.0 kg Zn ha<sup>−1</sup> (Zn<sub>3.0</sub>) produced the highest grain yield (3.90 t ha<sup>−1</sup>), which was statistically similar to Zn<sub>4.5</sub> and Zn<sub>6.0</sub> treatments. The control treatment (Zn<sub>0</sub>) produced the lowest grain yield (2.99 t ha<sup>−1</sup>). The concentrations of N, Zn, and Fe were significantly and positively influenced by Zn treatment. The crop varieties did not differ significantly in terms of N and Zn concentrations. However, the grain Fe concentration was remarkably higher in ‘BARI Gom-26’ than in ‘BARI Gom-25.’ The grain N and protein concentrations increased linearly with the Zn application rate. The grain Zn concentration increased with Zn application rates in a quadratic line, indicating that the concentration of Zn in wheat grain increased with Zn fertilization; however, it attained a maximum value in the Zn<sub>4.5</sub> treatment, after which it declined with higher rate of Zn application. The application of Zn at the rate of 4.5 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> resulted in the highest Zn fortification (39.7 µg g<sup>−1</sup>) in wheat grains, which was 17.1% higher than in the control treatment. The response curve showed that 4.62 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> for ‘BARI Gom-25’ and 3.94 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> for ‘BARI Gom-26’ were the optimum Zn rates for achieving higher wheat grain yield. However, 5.5 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> was the optimum Zn rate for obtaining higher Zn fortification in wheat grains.

scholarly journals Biofortification of Rice Grain as Affected by Different Doses of Zinc Fertilization

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kamrun Nahar ◽  
M. Jahiruddin ◽  
M. Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Soyema Khatun ◽  
M. Roknuzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Zinc Fertilization ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Different Doses

The experiment was conducted in the research farm at Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) to investigate the zinc biofortification ability of rice grain at different doses of zinc fertilization. In this experiment two rice varieties (BRRI dhan28 and Binadhan-16) and five doses (0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 kg ha-1) of zinc fertilization were used following split-plot design with three replications. Except 1000-grain weight and plant height, all other plant characters viz., tillers hill-1, panicle length and grains panicle-1 were significantly influenced by zinc fertilization. The treatment receiving Zn at 4.5 kg ha-1 (Zn 4.5) produced the highest grain yield (7.70 t ha-1) in BRRI dhan28 which was statistically similar with the yield obtained with Zn 3.0 treatments. The zinc control treatment (Zn 0) produced the lowest grain yield in both varieties. The concentrations of N, Zn and Fe were significantly and positively influenced by the Zn treatments. The crop varieties did not differ significantly in respect of N and Fe concentrations, but the grain Zn concentration was considerably higher in BINA dhan16 than in BRRI dhan28. The grain N content as well as grain protein content linearly increased with the rates of Zn application. Thus, application of Zn at the rate of 6.0 kg ha-1 demonstrated the highest Zn fortification in both varieties but maximum zinc fortification was observed in Binadhan-16 (24.1 µg g-1) in rice grain which was 12.2% higher over control treatment.

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