ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIAL FLORA IN SOLANUM TUBEROSUM AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN BACTERIAL RING ROT DIAGNOSIS

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. DE BOER ◽  
R. J. COPEMAN
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Stem Tissue ◽  
Bacterial Ring Rot ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Corynebacterium Sepedonicum ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Ring Rot ◽  
Significant Difference

The aerobic endophytic bacterial population in "healthy" potato plants was found to vary from fewer than 1 × 103 to 4.2 × 107 cells/cm3 of stem tissue and from 0 to 1.6 × 104 cells/cm3 in tubers. No significant correlation was found between the bacterial population in stems and tubers of the same plant, nor was there a significant difference in the bacterial populations of virus-free plants when compared with PVX-infected plants. Strains of Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Flavobacterium, Xanthomonas, Agrobacterium, and coryneforms were isolated in addition to several isolates that could not be identified. All isolates were nonpathogenic, including the coryneforms, some of which were morphologically indistinguishable from Corynebacterium sepedonicum but which were biochemically different.

scholarly journals Teknik Inokulasi Buatan Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus, Penyebab Penyakit Busuk Cincin Bakteri, pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Agrikultura ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Djaya ◽  
Ineu Sulastrini ◽  
Iin Rusita
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Bacterial Ring Rot ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis Subsp ◽  
Ring Rot ◽  
Inoculation Techniques ◽  
Rot Disease

ABSTRACT Inoculation Techniques of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus, the Cause of Bacterial Ring Rot Disease, on Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus, the cause of bacterial ring rot disease on potatoes, has been detected in potato fields in Pangalengan. To anticipate the spread of the pathogen, researches on the desease epidemiology are urgent to be carried out. Artificial inoculation techniques will be useful in the epidemiological studies. The objective of this reasearch was to evaluate some inoculation techniques, which are simple, cheap and fast in causing disease symptoms. The experiment was carried out at the laboratory and glasshouse of Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran (Balitsa), Lembang. The experiment was arranged in the randomized block design with five treatments of inoculation technique and five replications. The treatments were (a) soaking wounded seed tubers in pathogen suspension, (b) soaking not wounded seed tubers in pathogen suspension, (c) pathogen suspension was injected into leaf axil, (d) pathogen suspension was injected into seed tubers, and (e) pathogen suspension was poured into the planting holes. The results showed that stabbing and soaking tubers in pathogen suspension caused the shortest incubation period (17 days after inoculation) and the highest disease incidence (60%). Keywords : Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus, Bacterial ring rot, Potatoes, Inoculation techniquesABSTRAKClavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus (Cms), penyebab penyakit busuk cincin bakteri pada tanaman kentang, telah terdeteksi keberadaannya pada pertanaman kentang di Pangalengan. Dalam upaya mencegah penyebaran penyakit busuk cincin bakteri di Indonesia, perlu adanya studi epidemiologi patogen tersebut. Pada penelitian epidemiologi akan diperlukan cara menginokulasi tanaman secara buatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan teknik inokulasi buatan yang dapat menyebabkan periode inkubasi yang lebih singkat dan persentase kejadian penyakit busuk cincin bakteri paling tinggi pada tanaman kentang. Percobaan dilaksanakan di rumah kaca dan laboratorium penyakit Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran (Balitsa), Lembang. Percobaan dirancang secara rancangan acak kelompok dengan lima perlakuan teknik inokulasi Cms dan lima ulangan, yaitu inokulasi dengan (a) merendam ubi benih yang telah dilukai dalam suspensi bakteri, (b) merendam ubi benih tanpa dilukai dalam suspensi bakteri, (c) suspensi bakteri ditusukkan pada ketiak daun tanaman kentang, (d) suspensi bakteri ditusukkan pada ubi benih, dan (e) suspensi bakteri disiramkan pada lubang tanam. Masing-masing ulangan terdiri dari lima tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari lima teknik inokulasi buatan yang dilakukan, inokulasi dengan melukai ubi benih dan merendamnya dalam suspensi patogen menghasilkanJurnal Agrikultura 2016, 27 (2): 66-71ISSN 0853-2885Teknik Inokulasi Buatan Clavibacter….67periode inkubasi tersingkat, yaitu 17 hari setelah inokulasi, dan persentase kejadian penyakit tertinggi yaitu sebesar 60%.Kata Kunci : Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus, Busuk cincin bakteri, Kentang, Inokulasi buatan

ESSAI DE DIFFERENTS PRODUITS CHIMIQUES COMME DESINFECTANTS DES ECLATS (GERMES) DE POMMES DE TERRE INOCULES AVEC CORYNEBACTERIUM SEPEDONICUM

1960 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-387
Author(s):  
R. Paquin ◽  
J. Santerre ◽  
H. Généreux ◽  
L. J. Coulombe
Keyword(s):  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Salts ◽  
Ammonium Salts ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Bacterial Ring Rot ◽  
Corynebacterium Sepedonicum ◽  
Mercury Compounds ◽  
Ring Rot ◽  
Potato Seed Piece

Forty-seven chemicals, including antibiotics, detergents, quaternary ammonium salts, mercury compounds, disinfectants and protectants, were tested for their effectiveness as potato seed piece disinfectants after inoculating each potato set with bacterial ring rot. None of the substances tested was as effective as a solution of acidified mercuric chloride (2:1000 + 1 per cent HCl) in a 10-minute dip treatment which gave 93 to 98 per cent control. A more effective control of the disease (100 per cent) was obtained when seed stock contained only 1 per cent diseased tubers.

LABORATORY DETECTION OF CORYNEBACTERIUM SEPEDONICUM, CAUSAL AGENT OF BACTERIAL RING ROT OF POTATOES

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Katznelson ◽  
M. D. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Direct Examination ◽  
Bacterial Ring Rot ◽  
Serological Method ◽  
Corynebacterium Sepedonicum ◽  
Ring Rot ◽  
Incorrect Diagnosis ◽  
Typical Strain ◽  
Infected Material

Studies are described on the laboratory detection of bacterial ring rot of potatoes caused by Corynebacterium sepedonicum (Spieckermann and Kotthoff) Skaptason and Burkholder. A cultural–microscopic procedure, involving the preincubation of aseptically removed infected material on a suitable medium, was found in general to be more reliable than direct examination of Gram-stained smears from diseased material. This was especially noticeable with lightly infected potatoes. The use of both methods would likely decrease the possibility of incorrect diagnosis. A serological method also was found to be of value in detecting ring rot in tubers and in plant extracts. Antiserum for one typical strain of C. sepedonicum (CS850) agglutinated all strains tested, and also reacted with all infected samples examined but not with uninfected material. This organism might be used to prepare bulk antiserum for distribution to various laboratories engaged in the diagnosis of bacterial ring rot. Attempts to isolate a phage for C. sepedonicum were unsuccessful.

THE OCCURRENCE IN THE HOST PLANT OF PHYSIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE GUMS PRODUCED BY CORYNEBACTERIUM INSIDIOSUM AND CORYNEBACTERIUM SEPEDONICUM

1961 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. T. Spencer ◽  
P. A. J. Gorin
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Land Plants ◽  
Corynebacterium Sepedonicum ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Ring Rot ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Potato Ring Rot

Corynebacterium insidiosum and Corynebacterium sepedonicum, the causative agents of bacterial wilt of alfalfa and of potato ring rot, produce viscous polysaccharide solutions when grown in shaken culture. These substances contain fucose, a sugar rarely found in polysaccharides of land plants. Hydrolyzates of polysaccharides extracted from alfalfa and potato plants infected with these organisms also contained fucose, while extracts of healthy plants did not. Alfalfa cuttings placed in dilute polysaccharide solutions wilted rapidly. These findings suggest that these polysaccharides are probably formed in the vascular systems of infected plants and that if such is the case they contribute to the development of the disease in these plants.

Characterization of a plasmid in isolates of Corynebacterium sepedonicum

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 617-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mervyn C. Clark ◽  
C. Harold Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Positive Bacterium ◽  
Bacterial Ring Rot ◽  
Hybridization Probe ◽  
Corynebacterium Sepedonicum ◽  
Agarose Gels ◽  
Cell Cleavage ◽  
Ring Rot ◽  
Single Plasmid

Lysis of mid-log phase cells of the Gram-positive bacterium, Corynebacterium sepedonicum, by a combination of lysozyme treatment and incubation with alkaline sodium dodecyl sulfate at 56 °C led to the recovery of a single plasmid. The plasmid was purified in CsCl density gradients, and its molecular weight estimated to be 31 megadaltons (46 kilobases), as determined from its relative mobility in agarose gels, from its contour dimensions in electron micrographs, and from the size of the fragments generated when it was cleaved with various restriction endonucleases. Thirteen widely divergent isolates of C. sepedonicum were screened for the presence of plasmid, and of these, 11 were shown to harbour a single plasmid at a level of about 30 copies per cell. Cleavage of the plasmid with PstI gave an identical banding pattern in agarose gels for the fragments from all of the plasmid-carrying isolates. The relevance of plasmid incidence and distribution in C. sepedonicum is discussed in relation to the possibility of developing a test for the detection of bacterial ring rot by using plasmid DNA as a hybridization probe.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF FLUOROGESTERONE ACETATE IMPREGNATED INTRAVAGINAL SPONGES ON VAGINAL BACTERIAL FLORA OF EWES.

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-100
Author(s):  
J. D. AMIN
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Difference

The bacterial flora of the vagina of ten ewes was determined at sponge removal and two days later before insertion of fluorogesterone acetate intravaginal sponge. Using E. coli as a marker to species, there was a significant increase (P<0.05) in bacterial population when samples taken before sponge insertion and at removal were compared, but there was a significant (P<0.01) decrease in bacterial population when samples taken at sponge removal were season in Hertfordshire, England were compared to samples taken two days later. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) when bacterial population before the sponge insertion was compared with the bacterial population two days after sponge removal. It is concluded that following use of fluorogesterone acetate intravaginal pessaries (and injection of PMSG at sponge removal), there is increased bacterial growth in the vagina which is largely the eliminated two days after sponge removal.

Corynebacterium sepedonicum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Hayward
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vascular Wilt ◽  
Pseudomonas Solanacearum ◽  
Corynebacterium Sepedonicum ◽  
Ring Rot ◽  
Cutting Knife

Abstract A description is provided for Corynebacterium sepedonicum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Solanum tuberosum, also on Solanum melongena, other species of Solanum and Lycopersicon esculentum by inoculation (24: 164; 28: 141). DISEASE: Ring rot. A vascular wilt affecting foliage late in the growing season and producing in tubers, a creamy-yellow or light-brown, crumbly rot, which develops in the tissues immediately surrounding the vascular strands, leading usually to the formation of a ring of disorganized tissue or a gap between the cortex and the pith of the tuber. Distinguished from brown rot of potato caused by Pseudomonas solanacearum[Ralstonia solanacearum] (CMI Descript. 15), by differences in tuber symptoms and in staining reactions of the two pathogens (41: 57) p. 69. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: North America, Europe, doubtful records in Asia (CMI Map 20). TRANSMISSION: By infected tubers, on contaminated cutting knives and bags, and by insects. Where the tuber is cut into seed pieces the risk of spread by the cutting knife is very great.

scholarly journals Categorisation of reactions and enumeration of bacteria in potato cultivars inoculated with the causal agent of bacterial ring rot

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
Pánková Iveta ◽  
Krejzar Václav ◽  
Krejzarová Radka
Keyword(s):  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Bacterial Ring Rot ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis Subsp ◽  
Ring Rot ◽  
Foliage Symptom ◽  
Symptom Group

Variability in the responses of plants propagated from in vitro tissue cultures of 52 ware and industrial potato cultivars to different Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus inoculum size was tested during 2015–2017. Bacterial ring rot symptoms on plants and tubers xylem vessels were recorded for 8 weeks and the susceptibility index (SI) for individual cultivars was calculated. Based on foliage symptoms, potato cultivars were placed into three symptoms groups. The symptomless group had SIs ≤ 1, for the moderate symptom group SIs ranged from 1.01 to 2.99, and the severe symptom group had SIs ≥ 3.0. The pathogen concentrations in vascular vessels of all infected potato plants increased during the experiment regardless of the foliage symptom group.

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