Selecting for earliness and yield in sorghum at different sites

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Plett ◽  
L. A. Nelson ◽  
M. D. Clegg
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Short Season ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Different Origins ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L ◽  
Selection Of

Feasibility of selection of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] lines in a long–season environment for early maturity and yield was studied. Fifty-seven male lines from three different origins and F1 progenies produced by crossing the lines to three early-maturing female lines were used for these evaluations. Lines selected for yield had highest yield in a long-season environment but showed no yield advantage in short-season areas. There were lines from all three origins which should be useful in the locations tested. Selection for earliness and yield appeared feasible in a long season area. Key words: Heritability, correlation

scholarly journals Pola Pewarisan Karakter Umur Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)

Agrikultura ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas Anas ◽  
Iman Lukmanul Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Inheritance Pattern ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Days To Flowering ◽  
Plant Breeding Program ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L ◽  
Smirnov Test

ABSTRACTInheritance Pattern of Maturity Character of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)Information on the inheritance pattern for the maturity characters in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) is important for plant breeding program of early maturity sorghum. Objective of this experiment was to evaluate genetic control of days to flowering and anthesis. Three series of crossing Unpad 1.1 x 2.24-1, Unpad 1.1 x 2.24-3 and BSS x 2.24 were grown in field experiment at Ciparanje experimental station, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java, from July to December 2014. As much 1046 F2 seeds were planted in row plot. Normality of data was analyzed by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and inheritance pattern of data was analyzed by Chi Square test. The result showed that the distribution of days to flowering and anthesis was not normal distributed. Inheritance pattern of days to flowering and anthesis of Unpad 1.1 x 2.24-1, Unpad 1.1 x 2.24-3 and BSS x 2.24 tended to resemble Mendel’s inheritance pattern of 12:3:1 (epistasy dominant), and 13:3 (dominant-recessive epistasy).Keywords : Sorghum, Inheritance pattern, Maturity, Chi-squareABSTRAKInformasi mengenai pola pewarisan karakter-karakter umur tanaman sorgum sangat penting dalam program pemuliaan tanaman sorgum berumur genjah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kontrol genetik karakter umur berbunga dan umur anthesis. Tiga seri persilangan dari Unpad 1.1 x 2.24-1, Unpad 1.1 x 2.24-3 dan BSS x 2.24 ditanam di kebun percobaan Ciparanje Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Kecamatan Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat. Percobaan dilaksanakan dari bulan Juli sampai Desember 2014. Sebanyak 1046 benih F2 ditanam dalam petak baris. Normalitas data dianalis dengan uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov dan pola pewarisan data dianalisis dengan uji Khi Kuadrat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebaran fenotip karakter umur berbunga dan umur anthesis tidak berdistribusi normal. Pola pewarisan karakter umur berbunga dan umur anthesis pada genotipe hasil persilangan Unpad 1.1 x 2.24-1, Unpad 1.1 x 2.24-3 dan BSS x 2.24 cenderung menyerupai pola pewarisan nisbah Mendel 12:3:1 (epistasis dominan) dan 13:3 (epistasis dominan-resesif).Kata Kunci: Sorgum, Pola pewarisan, Umur tanaman, Khi Kuadrat

Forage sorghum in southern Manitoba

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. P. McCaughey ◽  
M. C. Therrien ◽  
R. Mabon
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Total Variation ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Forage Sorghum ◽  
Sorghum Sudangrass ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

After a series of hot, dry years in the late 1980s a study was conducted to assess the suitability and yield stability of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench.) in southern Manitoba. The effects of genotype and environment on DM yield of seven forage sorghum genotypes were evaluated (1990–1992) in six different environments. Genotype, environment and genotype × environment accounted for 3.9% (P < 0.0001), 84.8% (P < 0.0001) and 3.3% (P < 0.001) of the total variation in DM yield, respectively. The fact that environment accounted for most of the variability in DM yield and that relative rankings of varieties differed across environments indicated that yield was unstable. Forage sorghum produced acceptable DM yield only in years which were warmer (> 2700 CHU) than average (2200–2600 CHU) for southern Manitoba. Forage sorghum is not recommended for southern Manitoba unless the climate warms to where 2700 CHU are consistently accumulated during the growing season. Key words: Forage, sorghum, sorghum-sudangrass, C4, temperature, yield

Selection for mating competence in Magnaporthe grisea pathogenic to rice

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2130-2134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Cheng T. Chao ◽  
Albert H. Ellingboe
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Magnaporthe Grisea ◽  
Opposite Mating Type ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Sib Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Sib selection for mating competence among isolates of Magnaporthe grisea that are pathogenic on rice has led to the selection of isolates where the mating type alleles are the only restriction on mating competence. Isolates are able to mate with all sibling isolates of opposite mating type and produce asci with ascospores. Isolates can function as male, female, or hermaphrodite in mating depending on the isolates with which they are mated. Mating competence is controlled by the genes in both mated isolates. Key words: mating competence, sib selection, rice blast, genetics.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Crop Characteristics of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Germplasm for the Selection of Excellent Resources

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong-Tak Yoon ◽  
In-Ho Jeong ◽  
Tae-Kyu Han ◽  
Young-Jung Kim ◽  
Je-Bin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Transgressive variability in the number of ears of the main spike in F2 populations when crossing soft winter wheat varieties of different early maturity.

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (99) ◽  
pp. 189-206
Author(s):  
H. L. Ustinova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Population Number ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Positive Degree ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties ◽  
Selection Of

Aim. Determination of the degree and frequency of positive transgressions by the number of ears of the main spike in F2 populations created by crossing varieties of soft winter wheat of different maturity depending on the hydrothermal conditions of the year and selection of economically valuable biotypes for subsequent breeding work. Methods. Field, laboratory, mathematical and statistical. Results. In the majority of F2 populations, created by hybridization of soft winter wheat varieties of different vegetation periods, a significant form-making process took place in terms of the number of spikelets in the main spike. The experimental data obtained indicate a significant effect of matched pairs before hybridization and hydrothermal conditions of the year on the manifestation and formation of the number of spikelet’s in an ear F2. So, under the conditions of 2019, the majority of F2 populations for the number of spikelet’s in the main spike (17.4–21.5 pcs.) Significantly exceeded the parental forms. A positive degree (Td = 5.3–33.3 %) and the frequency of transgression (Tf = 3.3–96.7 %) were found in 85.7 % of the populations. In 2020, the average population number of spikelets in the main spike (15.0–18.6 pcs.) Was significantly less. When used in hybridization of early maturing varieties by the parent form, the decrease in the number of spikelets was 0.5–19.9 %. At the same time, for crossing mid-early, mid-ripening and mid-late varieties, the number of spikelets decreased by 2.8–28.9 %. Thus, it can be argued that populations in which early maturing varieties were the maternal form are less exposed to unfavorable conditions of the year. A positive degree (Td = 5.3–38.9 %) and the frequency of recombinants (Tf = 3.3–46.7 %), under the conditions of 2020, was established in 35 out of 42 F2 populations, which amounted to 83.3 %. Conclusions. The use of winter wheat varieties of different early maturity in hybridization in most cases contributes to the formation of F2 in populations and the selection of positive transgressive biotypes by the number of spikelets in the main spike. Conducted studies have established a significant effect of the parental forms used in hybridization and the hydrothermal conditions of the year on the formation of the number of spikelets in the main spike in F2 populations of soft winter wheat. Populations where the early maturing varieties were the maternal form are characterized by a more stable manifestation of the number of spikelets in the main spike. The decrease in the number of spikelets in 2020 compared to 2019 was 0.5–19.9 % for 2.8–28.9 % in populations obtained by hybridization of mid-early, mid-ripening and mid-late varieties. In years with contrasting hydrothermal conditions, hybrid populations F2 were identified, which formed more than the average F2 number of spikelets in the main spike and had high rates of the degree and frequency of positive transgressions, namely: Mironovskaya early / Kolchuga; Kolchuga / Stolichnaya; Shchedraia niva / Vidrada; Antonovka / Stolichnaya.

Use of southern parents in a short-season soybean breeding program is facilitated with long-day screening

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Cober ◽  
J. W. Tanner
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Soybean Breeding ◽  
Screening Technique ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Short Season ◽  
Double Cross

Elite northern-by-southern soybean crosses may increase genetic diversity while maintaining performance. The objective of this study was to test a long-day selection method which would generate populations containing southern germplasm adapted in maturity to short-season areas. Long-daylength-insensitive lines (MG 00 to 0) were crossed to southern determinate cultivars (MG IV to VI) and of 909 F2 plants grown under 20-h incandescent long daylength (ILD), 34 were ILD-insensitive and non-dwarf. Progeny from selected ILD-insensitive plants were intermated and the resulting modified double cross F2 populations were grown in the field and were of late MG I adaptation. The ILD-screening technique was useful for generating early-maturing populations from parents with divergent maturity. Key words: Genetic diversity, long-daylength insensitivity, soybean breeding

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