Culm height and susceptibility of Canadian winter and spring wheat cultivars to common bunt (Tilletia tritici and T. laevis)

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 677-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Gaudet ◽  
B. J. Puchalski ◽  
T. Entz
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Nonspecific Resistance ◽  
Tilletia Tritici ◽  
Cultivar Variation ◽  
Low Levels

A field study involving winter and spring wheat cultivars possessing race-specific and nonspecific resistance to Tilletia tritici and T. laevis was conducted to determine the effect of bunt on culm dwarfing, and the role of culm height in the susceptibility of wheat cultivars. Bunt-induced stunting, ranging from 2.4 to 21%, was observed in 20 of 25 cultivars and the severity was correlated with level of bunt (r = 0.86). Also, there was preferential infection of shorter culms by the bunt fungus and this appeared to be a major factor in the susceptibility of most cultivars in this study. Cultivars possessing moderate to high levels of nonspecific resistance such as Katepwa and Chinook had fewer short culms; these short culms were susceptible. A large proportion of the culms of short-statured or semi-dwarf cultivars such as HY320, Tobari 66, and the soft white spring wheats Fielder and Springfield, fell into the shortest height classes; uniformly these were highly susceptible to bunt infection. Laura and Roblin, cultivars of conventional height, had a large proportion of short culms and these were highly susceptible. Red Bobs 222 and HY355 also exhibited high levels of bunt in the taller culms. Cultivars possessing race-specific resistance such as the durum wheats and BW553 had low levels of infection across the culm height classes. Cultivar variation in susceptibility to bunt within each of the different culm height classes also was observed. The possible implications of the effect of preferential bunting of short culms on development in short-statured or semi-dwarf wheats are discussed. Key words: Stinking smut, Norin 10/Brevor

Susceptibility and resistance in Canadian spring wheat cultivars to common bunt (Tilletia tritici and T. laevis)

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 1217-1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Gaudet ◽  
B. J. Puchalski ◽  
G. C. Kozub ◽  
G. B. Schaalje
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Tilletia Tritici ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Susceptibility And Resistance

Current western Canadian hard red spring wheat cultivars and their progenitors, inoculated with a composite of Tilletia tritici and T. laevis races, were grown at Lethbridge from 1989 to 1991 and the percentage infection was determined. This study also examined cultivar × environment interaction effects. Ancestral cultivars, such as Red Calcutta 33, Marquis, Thatcher, and their descendants, Canthatch, Park, Neepawa, Manitou, and Cadet, exhibited intermediate levels of bunt resistance. Cultivars including the cultivar Hope in their ancestry, such as Redman, Chris, Katepwa, Columbus, Reward, and Lancer, were highly resistant. Analysis of the environment × cultivar interaction indicated that bunt infection levels in Hope, Redman, and Columbus were stable over environments, but infection which varied according to environment was observed for Katepwa and Reward. The reduction of a number of cultivars including Neepawa, Thatcher, Kenya Farmer, Fortuna, Cadet, and Chris, was unstable across environment. Mexican semi-dwarf cultivars, such as Tobari 66, Potem 70, Cajeme 71, Ciano 67, Sonora 64, Inia 66, and the Canadian cultivars HY320, BW 90, and Laura, were highly susceptible. In general, the level of infection in these cultivars was uniform across environments. The nature of resistance in Canadian cultivars, the high infection levels of some Canadian cultivars and their Mexican semi-dwarf ancestors, and the variation in stability of infection levels of some cultivars across environments are discussed. Key words: Triticum aestivum, semi-dwarf, stability analysis, genotype × environment interactions

scholarly journals Reaction of spring wheat cultivars to common bunt caused by Tilletia tritici (Bjerk.) Wint. and Tilletia laevis (Kühn)

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 82-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Dumalasová ◽  
P. Bartoš
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Tilletia Tritici ◽  
Greenhouse Experiments ◽  
Tilletia Laevis

In 2005, 2006 and 2007 nineteen, eight and nine spring wheat cultivars, respectively, were tested in field trials for resistance to common bunt after inoculation with bunt teliospores. Nine spring wheat cultivars were tested in a greenhouse under favourable conditions for the bunt infection. Bunt incidence in the field trials varied between 0% and 38.7%, in the greenhouse between 52.9% and 100%. The results of individual cultivars and years fluctuated. A reduction in plant height, ear length, root system and increased tillering were registered in the inoculated plants. Spots on the leaves of inoculated plants were observed in three out of the four greenhouse experiments.

Influence of temperature on interaction of resistance genes in spring wheat differentials with races of common bunt (Tilletia tritici and T. laevis)

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 745-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Gaudet ◽  
B. J. Puchalski
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Tilletia Tritici ◽  
Incubation Periods ◽  
Bt Genes ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Wheat Lines

Temperature affects the expression of resistance to common bunt and can influence the efficacy of tests to screen for resistance to this disease. A study was undertaken to determine the response of spring wheat differentials possessing bunt resistance genes to temperature and races of Tilletia tritici and T. laevis. Differential wheat lines carrying resistance genes Bt-2, Bt-7, Bt-8, Bt-9, and Bt-10, were individually inoculated with bunt races L3, T1, T15, and T27, and incubated at 8, 10 or 15 °C for 0–10 wk. Responses to bunt infection following low temperature incubation at 8, 10, and 15 °C differed among differentials carrying the Bt genes. The resistance of the Bt-10 differential was effective at all three temperatures for all incubation periods whereas the resistance in differentials carrying the Bt-2 or Bt-8 gene was effective at 15 °C but not at 8 °C and 10 °C. Resistance in the Bt-9 differential was ineffective at all three temperatures. The four races of common bunt were similar in their level of infection in the differentials carrying individual Bt genes at the different temperatures although some differences in infection levels were observed. A screening test consisting of 2–4 wk growth at 15 °C followed by growth to maturity in the greenhouse can identify wheat lines containing Bt-8 and Bt-10. Key words:Triticum aestivum, smut, race specific resistance

Weed, disease and grain yield effects of cultivar mixtures in organically managed spring wheat

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 855-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Pridham ◽  
M. H. Entz ◽  
R. C. Martin ◽  
P. J. Hucl
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Modern Cultivar ◽  
Modern Wheat ◽  
Organically Managed ◽  
Cultivar Mixtures

Two heritage wheat cultivars, Red Fife and Marquis, along with two modern wheat cultivars, 5602HR and AC Barrie, were assessed in organically managed monocultures and mixtures to discern if mixtures provided a benefit to grain yield and disease and weed suppression in Manitoba over 3 site-years. 5602HR was the highest yielding sole cultivar, while Marquis and AC Barrie were the lowest yielding sole cultivars. Red Fife yielded similar to the modern cultivar 5602HR in several cases. Cultivar mixtures did not provide a yield advantage but did stabilize yields of mixtures containing disease susceptible cultivars. Key words: Cultivar mixtures, heritage cultivar, yield stability

scholarly journals Reaction of winter wheat cultivars to common bunt Tilletia tritici (Bjerk.) Wint. and T. laevis Kühn

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 138-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Dumalasová ◽  
P. Bartoš
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Tilletia Tritici ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
One Year

Fifteen registered winter wheat cultivars were tested for reaction to common bunt in 2-years trials. A mixture of seven Czech proveniences of common bunt was used for inoculation. Cvs Globus and Bill were most resistant in both years. The reaction of these two cultivars to 16 Czech and German samples of common bunt of different proveniences was also tested. On cvs Globus and Bill only one sample in one year caused bunt incidence 29.3% and 19.3%, whereas the incidence caused by other bunt samples was below 10% and 15%, respectively.

Possible sources of resistance to the wheat midge in wheat

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Barker ◽  
R. I. H. McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Sitodiplosis Mosellana ◽  
The Third ◽  
Wheat Midge ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

The objective of this study was to find resistance in wheat cultivars to the wheat midge (Sitodiplosis mosellana [Géhin]). A total of 61 spring and 61 winter wheats were assayed in 1992 to 1994. Thirteen selected cultivars were planted in 1994. Three kinds of apparent response to midge infestation were found. Eight winter wheat cultivars suffered neither the usual typical kind nor high numbers of shrivelling of the seeds often attributed to the midge, but produced instead small numbers of shorter and more rounded (tubby) seeds which could be due to midge activity. Cultivar RL5708 differed from all other cultivars in that it showed low proportions of damaged seeds, which were often associated with dead midge larvae. The third group included lines and cultivars showing the typical shrivelling of the seeds due to the wheat midge. In 1993 most late-planted spring wheat cultivars were less affected by the midge than the same cultivars planted earlier probably because of asynchrony between times of wheat flowering and midge opposition. The incorporation of resistance to the wheat midge into hard red spring wheats should contribute to a reduction of wheat losses in years when wheat midge are abundant. Key words: Winter wheat, spring wheat, wheat midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana, resistance

scholarly journals Resistance of some commercial winter wheat cultivars to Tilletia tritici

2007 ◽  
pp. 155-159
Author(s):  
Mirjana Staletic ◽  
Slavisa Gudzic ◽  
Radivoje Jevtic ◽  
Milivoje Milovanovic ◽  
Vesna Stevanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Tilletia Tritici ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

This paper deals with the resistance of twenty commercial winter wheat cultivars to common bunt causal agent (Tilletia tritici). Significant differences among the cultivars concerning the infection percent were observed, as well as the differences in the level of commercial cultivars' resistance to T. tritici. Most of the studied cultivars belonged to susceptible categories, and just few of them to the resistant ones. Cultivar Lasta was classified as highly resistant during the both investigation years in Kragujevac, while in Leposavic Lasta and Tiha were classified as resistant. The other studied cultivars were more or less susceptible.

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