MOLYBDENUM, COBALT AND BORON UPTAKE FROM SEWAGE-SLUDGE-AMENDED SOILS

Molybdenum, Co and B concentrations in, and uptake by, corn and bromegrass were measured over a period of several years from three field experiments in which sewage sludge was applied and compared with ammonium nitrate as a source of N. There was little effect of sludge on B and Co concentrations in the crops grown. Slight increases in uptake were apparently due to yield increases due to sludge. A lime-treated sludge increased Mo concentration in plant tissues after several years of sludge application. The increase in plant Mo concentration was highest in the eighth and last year of the experiments, although lime-sludge application had ceased 1–3 yr previously. The soil-sludge interactions contributing to increased Mo uptake are discussed. Key words: Molybdenum, cobalt, boron, sewage sludge, corn (Zea mays L.), bromegrass (Bromus inermiss Leyss).

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Postemergence control of quackgrass [Elytrigia repens (L) Nevski] with DPX-79406 in corn (Zea mays L)

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps94-072 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 74 (2) ◽

pp. 375-381 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. E. Reidy ◽

C. J. Swanton

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Key Words ◽

Significant Interaction ◽

Growth Stage ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Optimum Dose ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Leaf Stage ◽

Elytrigia Repens

Laboratory and field experiments were established to determine the optimum dose and timing of postemergence applications of DPX-79406 for quackgrass control. Four node quackgrass rhizome fragments from each biotype were grown under controlled conditions. At the three-to-four-leaf stage, quackgrass plants were sprayed with DPX-79406 and evaluated for control. A significant response of quackgrass biotypes to DPX-79406 was evident only at lower doses. In the field, quackgrass was effectively controlled by all doses of DPX-79406. Significant growth-stage effects were observed for quackgrass shoot and rhizome dry weights in the year of application and in the year following application. There was a significant interaction between year and growth stage. In 1990, quackgrass biomass was greater when DPX-79406 was applied at the two-to-three-leaf stage of quackgrass than at the four-to-five-leaf stage. In 1991, however, the opposite occurred. Within a growth stage, the 6.25 g ha−1 dose was as effective for controlling quackgrass as 18.5 g ha−1, in both years of the study. In 1991, significant decreases in corn yield were observed for DPX-79406 doses of > 12.5 g ha−1 applied at the four-to-five-leaf stage of quackgrass. For all the variables studied, DPX-79406 doses of 6.25–12.5 g ha−1 resulted in consistent control of quackgrass. Key words: DPX-79406, nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron, quackgrass, Elytrigia repens, corn, Zea mays

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Effects of Coal and Sewage Sludge Ashes on Macronutrient Content in Maize (Zea mays L.) Grown on Soil Contaminated with Eco-Diesel Oil

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma15020525 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 525

Author(s):

Mirosław Wyszkowski ◽

Jadwiga Wyszkowska ◽

Natalia Kordala ◽

Agata Borowik

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Maize Yield ◽

Diesel Oil ◽

Hard Coal ◽

Slight Reduction ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Soil Enrichment ◽

Sludge Incineration

Petroleum hydrocarbons, as aggressive components of diesel oils, after migration to the land environment can alter the activity and efficiency of ecosystems. They can also be dangerous to animal and human health. Eco-friendly methods for the reclamation of affected soils is necessary to manage degraded lands. One such method is the use of ashes. The aim of this research was to determine how soil pollution with diesel oil (brand name, Eco-Diesel) affects the chemical composition of maize (Zea mays L.) and whether the application of ash from a combined heat and power plant, as well as from sewage sludge incineration, could reduce the potentially adverse impact of diesel oil on plants. The research results demonstrated that soil contamination with Eco-Diesel oil modified the content of selected macronutrients in the analyzed crop plant. Eco-Diesel oil had a negative effect on maize yield. The highest diesel oil dose in a series without neutralizing substances had a positive effect on the accumulation of most elements, except nitrogen and sodium. Soil enrichment with ash differentiated the content of macronutrients, mainly nitrogen and phosphorus, in the aerial biomass of maize. The ashes increased the yield of maize and content of some macronutrients, mainly nitrogen but also calcium, the latter in a series where soil was treated with ash from sewage sludge thermal recycling. Both types of ash also resulted in a decrease in the plant content of phosphorus, while ash from hard coal caused a slight reduction in the content of potassium in maize. Ash of different origins can be an effective solution in the reclamation of degraded soils, which may then be used for growing energy crops.

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MEASUREMENT OF EVAPORATION FROM SOIL BENEATH CROP CANOPIES

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss83-013 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 137-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

G. K. WALKER

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Key Words ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Energy Supply ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Growing Season ◽

Soil Core ◽

Crop Cover ◽

Intact Soil Core ◽

Intact Soil

Evaporation rates beneath maize canopies were measured using an intact soil core technique. Early in the growing season evaporation rates were periodically high (4.0 mm∙day−1) following rain, but declined rapidly. At full crop cover, when energy supply normally limits evaporation, significant differences in evaporation were detected between canopies with leaf area indices of 3.0 and 4.0. Key words: Evaporation measurement, energy supply, Zea mays L., leaf area, soil evaporimeter, lysimeter

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Application of sewage sludge of shrimp farms as an alternative to organic fertilizers in the cultivation of maize (Zea mays L) in the area of Maracaibo Lake (Venezuela)

Indian Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.17485/ijst/2018/v11i29/129872 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (29) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Katuisca Acosta ◽

Iris A. Jimenez-Pitre ◽

Geomar Molina-Bolivar ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Shrimp Farms

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Effect of nitrogen fertilization on metabolisms of essential and non-essential amino acids in field-grown grain maize (Zea mays L.)

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/288/2010-pse ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 56 (No. 12) ◽

pp. 574-579 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

T. Lošák ◽

J. Hlušek ◽

R. Filipčík ◽

L. Pospíšilová ◽

J. Maňásek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Zea Mays ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Isoleucine Leucine ◽

N Dose ◽

Limiting Amino Acid ◽

Nitrogen Rates

In two-year field experiments, nitrogen (N) in the form of urea (0, 120 and 240 kg N/ha) was applied to grain maize (Zea mays L.) hybrid KWS 2376. The two-year mean content of total grain N at harvest was 1.54%. The highest N dose reduced most of the 17 amino acids (AA) analysed in the grain compared with the other treatments. Possible reasons for this could be an adverse effect on the tricarboxylic acid cycle or deficiency of carbon skeletons for the assimilation of NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> into amides and amino acids. The content of the limiting amino acid lysine was not influenced by N fertilisation, with a mean two-year content of 2.02 mg/g DM. Taking into account the differences in fertilisation, the effect of the year was seen in the maximal accumulation of amino acids serine, proline, methionine, threonine, arginine and lysine. Increasing rates of nitrogen reduced the accumulation of asparagine and glycine, and, on the contrary, increased the accumulation of tyrosine. Nitrogen rates have a significant effect on the maximal accumulation of valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, histidine, cysteine and alanine and appeared as early as after the first increased rate of nitrogen (120 kg N/ha).

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Effects of Soil-Applied Materials on the Dry Weight and Boron Uptake of Maize Shoots (Zea Mays L.) Under High Boron Conditions

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis ◽

10.1080/00103624.2019.1589477 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 50 (7) ◽

pp. 811-826 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hakan Çelik ◽

Murat Ali Turan ◽

Barış Bülent Aşık ◽

Sencer Öztüfekçi ◽

Ali Vahap Katkat

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Boron Uptake ◽

High Boron

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Effects of Helminthosporium maydis race T toxin on protoplasts of resistant and susceptible corn (Zea mays)

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b75-052 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 53 (5) ◽

pp. 427-431 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

L. E. Pelcher ◽

K. N. Kao ◽

O. L. Gamborg ◽

O. C. Yoder ◽

V. E. Gracen

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Cytoplasmic Streaming ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Differential Response ◽

Plant Tissues ◽

Volume Increase ◽

Intermediate Response ◽

Extensive Degradation ◽

Corn Inbred ◽

Leaf Protoplasts

Leaf protoplasts from resistant (N, C, and S cytoplasm) and susceptible (T cytoplasm) corn inbred W182B (Zea mays L.) exhibited a differential response after exposure to Helminthosporium maydis race T toxin. The volume of untreated protoplasts increased twofold during the first 24 h after isolation and by 48–72 h, most protoplasts exhibited an extensive network of cytoplasmic strands and the chloroplasts were distributed throughout the cytoplasm by cyclosis. However, susceptible protoplasts exposed to ≥2 μg toxin/ml failed to increase in volume and cytoplasmic streaming was rarely observed. By 72 h there was extensive degradation and collapse of susceptible protoplasts exposed to toxin. Resistant protoplasts exposed to up to 100 μg toxin/ml exhibited a twofold volume increase and were indistinguishable from untreated protoplasts. Susceptible protoplasts exposed to 0.1 μg toxin/ml also appeared unaffected, but at 1.0 μg toxin/ml an intermediate response was observed. The differential response to H. maydis race T toxin of protoplasts from resistant and susceptible corn correlates well with those effects observed in intact plant tissues and may serve to explain further the mode of action of the toxin on susceptible corn cells.

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