Boron for brown-heart control on two rutabaga cultivars

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Sanderson ◽  
J. B. Sanderson ◽  
U. C. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
And Storage

Field experiments were carried out in Prince Edward Island to investigate the effect of broadcast and foliar B applications on brown-heart, leaf nutrient content, yield and storage of two rutabaga cultivars (Brassica napabrassica Mill.) at one site in 1994, 1996 and 1997. The two cultivars, York and Thomson Laurentian, were seeded with preplant broadcast B at 0, 2.24, 4.48 and 6.72 kg ha-1. Within each preplant broadcast B treatment, foliar B was applied as Solubor (20.5% B) at 0 and 2.24 kg B ha-1. Foliar B was applied 28 and 42 d after seeding at 1.12 kg B ha-1 at each application. Averaged over these 3 yr, total yield was reduced by broadcast B and foliar B applications. Applications of B increased soil and tissue B levels. Boron was within acceptable levels for plant tissue and soil in all years; however, brown-heart was severe in 1994. On average, the incidence of brown-heart was lower in York than in Thomson Laurentian, and further decreased with increasing rate of B, both broadcast and foliar. Key words: Boron, brown-heart, York, Thomson Laurentian, rutabaga

EFFECT OF MOLYBDENUM APPLICATIONS ON PLANT MOLYBDENUM CONCENTRATION AND CROP YIELDS ON SPHAGNUM PEAT SOILS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 717-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
UMESH C. GUPTA ◽  
P. V. LEBLANC ◽  
E. W. CHIPMAN
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Peat Soils ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Molybdenum Concentration ◽  
Clover Plant

Studies were conducted on peat soils to determine the effect of Mo application on crop yields and plant tissue Mo concentrations. In a greenhouse experiment Mo applications resulted in highest crop yield increases for cauliflower with lesser increases for onions and red clover. Plant tissue Mo levels of less than 0.06, 0.04, and 0.03 mg kg−1 in onions, cauliflower, and red clover, respectively were in the deficiency range. Sufficiency levels for Mo were 0.1 mg kg−1 for onions, 0.07 mg kg−1 for cauliflower, and 0.27 mg kg−1 for red clover. No response to Mo was found on carrots even at plant tissue Mo concentrations as low as 0.04 and 0.15 mg kg−1 under greenhouse and field experiments, respectively. In the field study liming and Mo both increased carrot leaf Mo concentrations but only liming increased carrot yields. Key words: Molybdenum concentration, vegetables, red clover, sphagnum peat, liming

Effect of sawdust mulch on yields of select clones of lowbush blueberry

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1263-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Sanderson ◽  
J. A. Cutcliffe
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Plant Survival ◽  
Berry Weight ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Significant Difference

The effect of sawdust mulch applied at 0-, 5- and 10-cm depths on yield of select clones of lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) was studied in Prince Edward Island for three consecutive cropping cycles from 1985 to 1989. Sawdust applied post-plant, as a mulch, at a depth of 5 cm increased the total yield of the first three harvests by approximately 30% compared to the 0-cm mulch. Mean berry weight was also increased where sawdust was applied. There was not significant difference in yield between the 0- and 10-cm sawdust application treatments. The 10-cm sawdust mulch reduced plant survival by 23% compared with the check. Key words: Lowbush blueberry, Vaccinium angustifolium Ait., select clone, sawdust mulch, yield

EFFECT OF VARIOUS SOURCES OF SULFUR ON YIELD AND SULFUR CONCENTRATION OF CEREALS AND FORAGES

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
UMESH C. GUPTA ◽  
J. A. MacLEOD
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Boot Stage ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

Field experiments were conducted at three locations in Prince Edward Island to determine the effects of various sources of S (Agri-Sul, gypsum, and Urea-Sul) on S concentration of tissue and yields of forages and cereals. Gypsum was effective in increasing the S concentration in plant tissues. Agri-Sul at 10–80 kg S∙ha−1 was generally ineffective in increasing the S concentration of forages and cereals. In the absence of added S (check treatments), the plant tissue S concentrations in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.) ranged from 0.18 to 0.39 and from 0.14 to 0.27%, respectively. In wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum distichon L.), the S concentrations varied from 0.12 to 0.26 and from 0.13 to 0.20% in the boot stage tissue and grain, respectively, in the check treatments. In general, the S concentration was higher in the boot stage tissue than in the grain. Pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds and vegetative material from the check treatments contained 0.19–0.24% and 0.17–0.36% S, respectively. Gypsum or Urea-Sul did not increase the yields of forages or cereals. In one instance Agri-Sul slightly increased the alfalfa yield (5–8.5%), but this was not associated with tissue S increases. Plant tissue S levels as low as 0.12–0.18% appeared to be adequate for barley, wheat, timothy, peas, and alfalfa. Key words: Sources of sulfur, tissue S, yields, cereals, forages

Effects of gypsum on yield and nutrient status of native lowbush blueberry

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Sanderson ◽  
M. R. Carter ◽  
J. A. Ivany
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Leaf Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Gypsum Application

Information is required on the response of native lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) to soil-applied calcium amendments. Field experiments were carried out in Prince Edward Island to determine the effects of applied gypsum, as a Ca source, on yield and leaf nutrient content of native lowbush blueberry at six sites, two locations per year. Sites were studied over several cropping cycles. Gypsum applied at 2, 4, 6, and 8 t ha−1 in the spring of the sprout year increased marketable yield (from 3.2 to 4.7 t ha−1) at three of six sites in the first crop year following application of gypsum. Averaged over these three sites, marketable yield was increased 47% by the application of gypsum at 4.0 t ha−1. Yield was not affected in the second and third cropping cycles. Mean berry weight and plant growth were not affected by gypsum application. Concentration of leaf Ca was increased but not consistently significant, while leaf S was significantly increased at all sites in the first cropping cycle. Soil pH was significantly reduced by gypsum in the first cropping cycle. A yield increase of 225 kg ha−1 would be sufficient to recover the costs of the applied gypsum. Key words: Gypsum, leaf nutrient concentration, lowbush blueberry, Vaccinium angustifolium Ait., yield

EFFECTS OF LIME AND GYPSUM ON YIELDS AND NUTRITION OF TWO CULTIVARS OF BRUSSELS SPROUTS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. CUTCLIFFE
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Dolomitic Limestone ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Internal Browning ◽  
Tissue Nutrient Concentration

Field experiments were carried out at different locations in Prince Edward Island each year for 3 consecutive years to determine the effects of calcific limestone, dolomitic limestone, and gypsum on yields and nutrition of two cultivars of Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera). The soils at the sites selected had initial pH levels of 4.9–5.7. Preplant, broadcast applications of gypsum at 5.5 t ha−1 resulted in yield increases of about 30% at all locations. Analysis of leaf tissue collected when the sprouts began to form indicated that Ca, Mg, Mn and Zn concentrations of approximately 1.4–2.6%, 0.25–0.32%, 88–274 μg g−1 and 26–35 μg g−1, respectively, are within the sufficiency range. The incidence of internal browning was not affected by either the lime or gypsum treatments at the two locations where this disorder occurred. Key words: Lime, gypsum, yield, leaf tissue nutrient concentration, internal browning, Brussels sprouts

EFFECT OF ZINC APPLICATIONS ON CORN AT TWO SITES EXHIBITING LOW PLANT TISSUE ZINC CONCENTRATIONS IN PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 973-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. WHITE ◽  
UMESH C. GUPTA ◽  
E. PRIDHAM ◽  
J. B. SANDERSON
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Untreated Leaf

No yield responses to applied Zn occurred on corn (Zea mays L.) at two Prince Edward Island sites where untreated leaf Zn concentrations were 11 to 14 μg g−1. Both soil- and foliar-applied Zn increased leaf and whole-plant Zn concentrations. Key words: Banded Zn, foliar-applied Zn, corn yield

scholarly journals Competition Effects and Productivity in Oat–Forage Legume Relay Intercropping Systems under Organic Farming Conditions

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Viktorija Gecaitė ◽  
Aušra Arlauskienė ◽  
Jurgita Cesevičienė
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Competition ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Forage Legume ◽  
Forage Legumes ◽  
Medicago Lupulina ◽  
Competition Effects ◽  
Productivity Indicators

Cereal-legume intercropping is important in many low-input agricultural systems. Interactions between combinations of different plant species vary widely. Field experiments were conducted to determine yield formation regularities and plant competition effects of oat (Avena sativa L.)–black medick (Medicago lupulina L.), oat–white clover (Trifolium repens L.), and oat–Egyptian clover (T. alexandrinum L.) under organic farming conditions. Oats and forage legumes were grown in mono- and intercrops. Aboveground dry matter (DM) measured at flowering, development of fruit and ripened grain, productivity indicators, oat grain yield and nutrient content were established. The results showed that oats dominated in the intercropping systems. Oat competitive performance (CPo), which is characterized by forage legumes aboveground mass reduction compared to monocrops, were 91.4–98.9. As the oats ripened, its competitiveness tendency to declined. In oat–forage legume intercropping systems, the mass of weeds was significantly lower compared to the legume monocrops. Oats and forage legumes competed for P, but N and K accumulation in biomass was not significantly affected. We concluded that, in relay intercrop, under favourable conditions, the forage legumes easily adapted to the growth rhythm and intensity of oats and does not adverse effect on their grain yield.

Effects of potassium and sodium application to soil on growth and cation accumulation of herbage

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
GN Mundy
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Equivalent Amount ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
K Uptake ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Pasture Plants

The effects of potassium (K) and sodium (Na) applications to soil on growth and cation accumulation of herbage were investigated in pot and field experiments. The application of K to K-deficient soil was more efficient at increasing growth than was the application of Na; however, at suboptimal K availability, yield was increased by Na application. Growth responses to Na were restricted when the soil contained insufficient K to satisfy the minimum K requirement of pasture plants. The Na concentration of herbage was markedly reduced by K applications, whereas Na had little effect on K uptake. It was found that an application of Na to soil containing a low level of Na raised the Na concentration of herbage sufficiently to satisfy animal needs. Both K and Na reduced the calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) concentration of herbage, although Na was less inhibitive than an equivalent amount of K. The decline in Ca and Mg in plant tissue with increasing concentrations of soil K and Na was exponential and, as the decline approached the asymptotic concentration, further increases in soil K and Na had only a small effect on Ca and Mg uptake. The implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Reduced Dosage of Methyl Bromide for Controlling Verticillium Wilt of Potato in Experimental and Commercial Plots

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gamliel ◽  
A. Grinstein ◽  
Y. Peretz ◽  
L. Klein ◽  
A. Nachmias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verticillium Wilt ◽  
Methyl Bromide ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Large Scale Field ◽  
Commercial Applications

The use of gas-impermeable films to reduce the dosage of methyl bromide (MB) required to control Verticillium wilt in potatoes was examined in field experiments, conducted in soils naturally infested with Verticillium dahliae. The incidence and severity of Verticillium wilt were significantly reduced (by 74 to 94%) by fumigation with MB at 50 g/m2 under standard low density polyethylene (LDPE) or at 25 g/m2 under gas-impermeable films. Fumigation at 25 g/m2 under LDPE was less effective. Disease severity was inversely correlated (r2 = 0.89 to 0.91) with chlorophyll content in the leaves. Fumigation also reduced (by 89 to 100%) stem colonization by the pathogen. Potato yield in the fumigated plots was significantly higher (26 to 69%), than in their nonfumigated counterparts, and was inversely correlated with disease index (r2 = 0.69 to 0.9). The percentage of high-value tubers (above 45 g) was 52 to 56% of total yield in the fumigated plots as compared with 32 to 40% in the nonfumigated controls. Thus, fumigation also improved the commercial quality of tuber yield. Effective control of V. dahliae and yield increases following MB fumigation at the recommended dosage or at a reduced dosage with gas-impermeable films was also observed in a consecutive crop. These results were verified in a large-scale field experiment using commercial applications, further demonstrating the feasibility of reducing MB dosages under farm conditions, without reducing its effectiveness in terms of disease control and yield improvement.

A field study of competition and interaction between Lemna minor and Lemna trisulca

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 2904-2911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander L. McIlraith ◽  
Gordon G. C. Robinson ◽  
Jennifer M. Shay
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
The Other ◽  
Transplant Experiment ◽  
Replacement Series ◽  
Vegetative Biomass

Field experiments and survey methods were used to assess competition and interaction between Lemna minor L. and Lemna trisulca L. at Delta Marsh, Manitoba. Sites were dominated by one or the other species or codominated by both. Replacement series experiments predicted codominance of L. minor and L. trisulca in an unshaded eutrophic site but predicted L. minor dominance when run for a longer time. Similar experiments conducted in a shaded eutrophic site predicted L. minor dominance. Addition series experiments showed that intraspecific and interspecific competition occurred in the unshaded site. In a eutrophic unshaded ditch, high densities of L. minor suppressed L. trisulca. In a eutrophic shaded site, high densities of L. minor and green algae inhibited L. trisulca, and in a sunny, less eutrophic site high density of each species inhibited the other. In a transplant experiment, L. minor biomass in shaded enclosures approached that found naturally in two shaded sites. Lemna trisulca persisted when shaded. Vegetative biomass trends in an unshaded eutrophic marsh ditch indicated spring and fall L. trisulca dominance and summer L. minor dominance. Shaded eutrophic sites were dominated by L. minor, whereas a less eutrophic site was dominated by L. trisulca. A model is developed to explain dominance patterns, and seasonal life-history responses are considered. Key words: Lemna, duckweed, competition, interaction, resources, light, nutrients.

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