Copper and zinc amounts and distribution in soil as influenced by application of animal manure in east-central Saskatchewan

Increasing use of animal manures in Saskatchewan requires information on the fate and distribution of residual manure Cu and Zn in Saskatchewan soils. To address this issue, the amounts of soil Cu and Zn in various inorganic and organic fractions were investigated in a field crop research plot (Cudworth Association soil) with a 5-yr history of annual application of liquid swine manure and solid cattle manure, and in two grassland field research plots (Meota and Oxbow Association soils) that had received annual application of liquid swine manure for 3 yr. The annual rates of manure application were based on N contents in the manures, and were equivalent to approximately 0, 100, 200 and 400 kg total N ha-1 yr-1 in the field crop plots, and 0 and 100 kg total N ha-1 yr-1 in grassland plots. In both the field crop and grassland manured plots there were no substantial increases in total Cu an d Zn in soils associated with manure application. Some increases in the moderately labile Cu and Zn fractions were observed in treatments with large amounts of animal manures applied every year. The liquid swine manure had less effect than cattle manure on increasing labile Cu and Zn fractions. These results indicate that annual addition of animal manures at rates of approximately 100 kg N ha-1 for 3 to 5 yr does not constitute an environmental risk from Cu and Zn loading in these soils. Key words: Cu fraction, Zn fraction, sequential Cu extraction, sequential Zn extraction, urea, swine manure, cattle manure

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Phosphorus amounts and distribution in a Saskatchewan soil after five years of swine and cattle manure application

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/s03-016 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 84 (3) ◽

pp. 275-281 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

P. Qian ◽

J. J. Schoenau ◽

T. Wu ◽

P. Mooleki

Keyword(s):

Swine Manure ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Lower Amount ◽

P Fractions ◽

Manure Application ◽

Total N ◽

Manure Treatment ◽

Liquid Swine Manure ◽

Labile P ◽

Total P

Repeated application of animal manures to Saskatchewan soils has led to interest in the fate and distribution of residual manure P in the soil. The concentrations of soil phosphorus in various inorganic and organic fractions were investigated in soils sampled from long-term field research plots (Dixon, SK) with a 5-yr history of annual application of liquid swine manure or solid cattle manure at low, medium and high rates. The soil type at the research site is a loamy textured Black Chernozem (Cudworth Association). Annual rates of manure application over the 5 yr were based on the N contents in the manures and were equivalent to 0 (control), and approximately 100 (low), 200 (medium) and 400 (high) kg total N ha-1 yr-1 as manure. For comparison, urea alone was also applied at rates of 50, 100 and 200 kg N ha-1 yr-1. The total P concentration in the surface soil (0&ndash15 cm) was significantly increased only by the addition of cattle manure and only in the medium and high rate treatments compared to the control. The most labile P fractions (Resin-P and NaHCO3-P) were also significantly increased with increasing rate of cattle manure addition. No significant increases in either soil total P or labile P fractions were observed in liquid swine manure treatments, which is attributed to the lower amount of P added with the swine manure treatment than the cattle manure treatment. Added P in the swine manure treatment more closely matched P removal in crop harvest compared to cattle manure treatment, which had more P added than was removed by the crop. Key words: Phosphorus fractions, labile P fraction, sequential P extraction, urea, swine manure, cattle manure

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Effect of rate, frequency and method of liquid swine manure application on soil nitrogen availability, cropperformance and N use efficiency in east-central Saskatchewan

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/s01-057 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 82 (4) ◽

pp. 457-467 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

S P Mooleki ◽

J J Schoenau ◽

G. Hultgreen ◽

G. Wen ◽

J L Charles

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Protein Content ◽

Swine Manure ◽

N Use Efficiency ◽

Total N ◽

Available N ◽

Liquid Swine Manure ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

N Use ◽

Annual Application

A study was initiated in the fall of 1996 in the Black soil zone in east-central Saskatchewan (parkland region) to examine the soil and crop response to application of liquid swine manure at different rates, frequencies and methods of application. Low, medium and high rates of liquid swine manure (equivalent to approximately 100, 200 and 400 kg total N ha-1, respectively) were applied annually and in reduced frequency applications using injection and broadcast/incorporated placement over a 4-yr period. Crops grown during this period were Argentine canola (Brassica napus L.) in 1997, hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in 1998, hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in 1999, and Argentine canola in 2000. Under an annual application regime, a significant elevation of pre-seeding available N in the 0–60 cm soil depth and increased grain yield and protein content with increasing application rates of liquid swine manure were observed. Under a reduced frequency application regime, elevation of pre-seeding available N, grain yield and protein content observed in the year of application declined in the second year, and were significantly diminished by the third year. Cumulative N use efficiency (NUE) was highest (50–60%) for low annual application and lowest (10–30%) for high annual application rates that were injected. Generally, injection of liquid swine manure into the soil resulted in better enhancement of pre-seeding available N, higher grain yield and protein content, and better NUE than broadcasting and incorporation. Type of opener used to inject swine manure had no significant effect on either crop response or available N. This study showed that in the Black soil zone of the parkland region of Saskatchewan, annual application of low to medium rates (100 to 200 kg total N ha-1) of liquid swine manure are sufficient for high grain yield and grain protein, without leaving excess nitrates in the soil. In contrast, annual application of high rates (400 kg total N ha-1) of liquid swine manure has no agronomic advantage over the lower rates, but may result in higher residual nitrates in the soil, increasing potential for environmental pollution. Key words: Swine manure, N availability, manure management, N use efficiency

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Soybean Varietal Response to Liquid Swine Manure Application

Agronomy Journal ◽

10.2134/agronj2001.932358x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 93 (2) ◽

pp. 358-363 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

John P. Schmidt ◽

John A. Lamb ◽

Michael A. Schmitt ◽

Gyles W. Randall ◽

James H. Orf ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Swine Manure ◽

Manure Application ◽

Liquid Swine Manure ◽

Varietal Response

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EFFECT OF LIQUID CATTLE MANURE ON SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND CORN GROWTH IN NORTHERN GREECE

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479714000404 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 435-450 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

TH. MATSI ◽

A. S. LITHOURGIDIS ◽

N. BARBAYIANNIS

Keyword(s):

Field Experiment ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Northern Greece ◽

Manure Application ◽

Total N ◽

Organic C ◽

Manure Treatment ◽

The Common ◽

Macro And Micronutrients

SUMMARYThe impact of liquid cattle (Bos taurusL.) manure, applied to soil at common rates and for several years, on certain plant parameters and soil properties has not been studied extensively. The objectives of this study were: a) to assess the effects of manure application on corn (Zea maysL.) yield, macro- and micronutrient concentrations and uptake, in a three-year (2006–2008) field experiment conducted in northern Greece and b) to evaluate the 11-year effect of manure application on soil fertility (particularly on micronutrients avialability) and chemical properties (especially on organic C and total N content). The field experiment of this study had been used in a similar fertilisation experiment since 1996. The treatments, which were applied on the same plots each year over the 11-year period, were: (i) soil incorporation of liquid dairy cattle manure before sowing, at a rate equal to the common N-P inorganic fertilisation for each crop (based on manure's total N and P content); (ii) application of the common inorganic N-P fertilisation for each crop before sowing; (iii) identical to ii, but with split application of the N fertilisers; (iv) no fertilisation (control). Corn dry aboveground biomass yield at the R3 growth stage and grain yield, N, P, K concentrations and macro- and micronutrients uptake increased (p≤ 0.05) upon manure addition at levels similar to or higher than the inorganic fertilisation treatments. The relative increase in grain yield during the three-year period ranged between 63–75% for manure treatment and 50–75% for both inorganic fertilisation treatments. After 11 years of manure application, organic C, total N, and available NO3-N, P, K, Cu, Zn, Mn, and B increased (p≤ 0.05) in the surface soil (0–30 cm). However, no trend of nutrient build up was evident through years (except for Zn). Surprisingly, salinity and available NO3-N in the 60–90 cm soil depth of the manure-treated plots were lower (p≤ 0.05) than that of the inorganic fertilisation treatments and similar to control. Electrical conductivity was 1.76, 3.05, 2.96 and 1.36 dS m−1, for manure treatment, the two inorganic fertilisation treatments and control, respectively, whereas the respective NO3-N concentrations were 7.7, 44.6, 55.1 and 8.3 mg kg−1. Conclusively, repeated application of liquid cattle manure into the soil, at rates comparable to the common inorganic fertilisation for 11 years, can enhance crop yield and macronutrient concentrations in plant tissues and uptake, at levels similar to the inorganic fertilisation. In addition, it can increase micronutrients plant uptake and maintain soil fertility with respect to both macro- and micronutrients and increase soil organic C and total N, without either causing nutrient build up or increasing soil salinity and NO3−accumulation in the deeper soil layers.

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Phosphorus and sediment loading to surface waters from liquid swine manure application under different drainage and tillage practices

Agricultural Water Management ◽

10.1016/j.agwat.2011.10.020 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 104 ◽

pp. 51-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

B. Ball Coelho ◽

R. Murray ◽

D. Lapen ◽

E. Topp ◽

A. Bruin

Keyword(s):

Surface Waters ◽

Swine Manure ◽

Sediment Loading ◽

Manure Application ◽

Tillage Practices ◽

Liquid Swine Manure

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Evaluating phosphorus loading from repeated manure applications to two Saskatchewansoils

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/s06-048 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 88 (3) ◽

pp. 377-387 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

C. Stumborg ◽

J J Schoenau

Keyword(s):

Plant Root ◽

Measurement Techniques ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Phosphorus Loading ◽

Manure Application ◽

Soil P ◽

Labile P ◽

N Rates ◽

The Impact ◽

Annual Application

An understanding of the impact of repeated manure additions on soil phosphorus (P) is needed to determine appropriate manure application rates for prairie soils and manure sources. The objective of this study was to assess the loading of manure-derived phosphorus using P budgets and soil P measurement techniques applied to two Saskatchewan soils with known histories of manure application. Liquid hog manure (LHM) and solid cattle manure (SCM) treatments were applied annually over 8 yr to Black Chernozemic soils (Dixon site), and LHM was applied to Dark Brown Chernozemic soils (Plenty site) over 6 yr. Soil samples were collected in the spring of 2003 and 2004 and analyzed for labile P (Modified Kelowna extractable, Olsen extractable, water extractable, and Plant Root Simulator exchange resin methods) and total P. The P budgets were in good agreement with the observed patterns in labile soil P at the two sites. The annual application of LHM (37000 L ha-1 yr-1) at agronomic nitrogen (N) rates with no additional P fertilizer (Dixon only) did not significantly elevate soil labile P compared with the unfertilized controls at both Dixon and Plenty. The annual application of SCM (7.6 Mg ha-1 yr-1) at agronomic N rates did not significantly elevate soil labile P compared with the unfertilized control at Dixon; whereas of SCM at higher rates (15.2 Mg ha-1 yr-1 and 30.4 Mg ha-1 yr-1) showed some elevation in labile soil P. Measures of labile P were sensitive to P surpluses or deficits predicted by P balances, and all methods of measuring labile soil P were strongly correlated with one another at both sites (r ≥ 0.803 at P ≤ 0.01). Key words: Manure, cattle manure, nitrogen, phosphorus, soil test phosphorus

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Fractionation of P in soil as influenced by a single addition of liquid swine manure

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/s00-020 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 80 (4) ◽

pp. 561-566 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

P. Qian ◽

J. J. Schoenau

Keyword(s):

Extraction Procedure ◽

Swine Manure ◽

Field Research ◽

Organic P ◽

Limited Information ◽

Inorganic P ◽

Liquid Swine Manure ◽

Single Addition ◽

Labile P ◽

Exchange Membrane

Limited information exists as to the short-term effect of liquid swine manure on P distribution in soil. To address this issue, forms and distribution of inorganic P (Pi) and organic P (Po) at 2 wk and 16 wk after manure addition were investigated through a sequential extraction procedure. An Orthic Black Chernozem was sampled from a field research plot (Dixon, SK) without previous manure and urea additions. Liquid swine manure and urea were applied at rates of 0, 100 and 400 mg N kg−1, corresponding 10 and 40 mg P kg−1 from manure. Manure addition did not increase the most labile P fractions in soil. Instead the initial fate of the P from the manure was mainly to enter moderately labile and stable fractions such as calcium phosphate and organic P forms. This is consistent with observations in the field that a single application of swine effluent does not have a large impact on extractable "available" P in the soil. Further studies are needed to determine how much manure P loading is required for saturation of the "fixed pool" of P in Saskatchewan soils. Key words: Phosphorus fractions, sequential P extraction, incubation, urea, swine manure, anion exchange membrane

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